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Chapter-081 Management of Adult Brachial Plexus Injuries

BOOK TITLE: Textbook of Orthopedics & Trauma (4 Volumes)

Author
1. Bhatia Anil
2. Thatte RL
3. Thatte Mukund R
ISBN
9789385891052
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12869_82
Edition
3/e
Publishing Year
2016
Pages
15
Author Affiliations
1. Poona Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Bombay Hospital, Mumbai, India; Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
2. Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and Hospital, Sion, Mumbai, LTM Medical College and Hospital, Sion, Mumbai, India, Bombay Hospital; Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
3. Bombay Hospital, Mumbai; Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Chapter keywords
brachial plexus, spinal nerve, thoracic nerve, electrophysiology, autonomic nervous system, supraclavicular injury, dorsal root ganglion, DRG, anterior horn cell, AHC

Abstract

This chapter discusses management of adult brachial plexus injuries. The brachial plexus is formed by the anterior primary rami of the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth cervical and the first dorsal spinal nerves on each side. Each spinal nerve is formed by the union of an anterior motor root and a posterior sensory root arising from the respective horns of the gray matter in the spinal cord, the latter showing presence of a spinal ganglion. The anterior and posterior roots unite at the intervertebral foramen and exit from the spinal canal as the spinal nerve. Excluding direct trauma by means of penetrating injuries, lesions of the brachial plexus are mainly due to stretching forces. Root wise motor function, sensory innervation, electrophysiology/electrodiagnostic, and treatment of brachial plexus injuries are also discussed in this chapter.

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