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Chapter-083 Median, Ulnar and Radial Nerve Injuries

BOOK TITLE: Textbook of Orthopedics & Trauma (4 Volumes)

Author
1. Kulkarni Vidisha S
ISBN
9789385891052
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12869_84
Edition
3/e
Publishing Year
2016
Pages
6
Author Affiliations
1. Postgraduate Institute of Swasthiyog Pratishthan, Extension Area, Miraj, Postgraduate of Swasthiyog Pratishthan, Fracture and Orthopedics Hospital, Miraj, Maharashtra, India, Postgraduate of Swasthiyog Pratishthan Fracture and Orthopedics Hospital, Miraj, Maharashtra, India
Chapter keywords
median nerve injury, ulnar nerve injury, radial nerve injury, entrapment syndrome, neoplasm, electromyography, brachial plexus

Abstract

This chapter discusses median, ulnar and radial nerve injuries. The median nerve, formed by the junction of lateral and medial cords of the brachial plexus in the axilla, is composed of fibers from C6, C7, C8, and T1. Median nerve injuries often are caused by lacerations, usually in the forearm or wrist and median nerve palsy is most often the result of compression syndromes. Ulnar nerve arises from medial cord of brachial plexus and descends the interval between axillary artery and vein. The nerve is injured most commonly in the distal forearm, in these locations it may be injured by gunshot wounds, lacerations, fracture or dislocations. Ulnar neuritis may be caused by chronic entrapment of the nerve in medial epicondyle tunnel causing tardy ulnar nerve palsy in severe valgus deformity of the elbow. Radial nerve is a continuation of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus, consists of fibers from cervical fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth and sometimes from first dorsal. Clinical features and examination, investigation, diagnosis, and treatment of median, ulnar and radial nerve injuries are also discussed in this chapter.

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