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Chapter-29 Hoarse Voice

BOOK TITLE: Symptom Oriented Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery: Otology and Pediatrics (Volume 3)

Author
1. Cohen Aliza P
2. Alarcón Alessandro de
3. Jean-Louis Françoise
4. Black Angela
5. Tran Khanh
ISBN
9789385891854
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12951_30
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2017
Pages
12
Author Affiliations
1. University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
2. Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
3. Waikato District Health Board, Hamilton, New Zealand
4. Nemours Children’s Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
5. The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
Chapter keywords
Dysphonia, larynx, eosinophilic esophagitis, EE, vocal fold nodules, vocal fold polyps, vocal process granuloma, unilateral vocal fold paralysis, sulcus vocalis, laryngeal tumor

Abstract

The child with a husky voice (dysphonia) does encompass a spectrum of conditions that impact the quality of sound produced during speech. Dysphonia may negatively impact on a child’s quality of life, affecting self-esteem, communication, social development, and participation in social environments. General anatomy of the larynx has been described in detail in this chapter. Symptoms of dysphonia can include any voice change that renders the child’s voice distinguishably different from that of their peers. Such changes may include harshness, roughness, breathiness, noticeably high- or low-pitch, volume that is too loud or soft, voice loss, variable voice quality, pain when voicing, and difficulty breathing. A general otolaryngologic examination should be performed, including assessing for any syndromic features, craniofacial or neurological anomalies. Examination of the ear and assessment of hearing are critical, as hearing loss may encourage the child to raise their voice with resultant voice misuse. Tympanometry is a useful screening tool for unsuspected middle ear effusion. Vocal fold nodules, vocal fold cysts, vocal fold polyps, vocal process granuloma, unilateral vocal fold paralysis, laryngeal reflux and eosinophilic esophagitis (EE), and sulcus vocalis are the common non-neoplastic pediatric voice disorders which are discussed in this chapter. A detailed description on laryngeal tumors has been also presented in this chapter.

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