This chapter discusses high-resolution computed tomography for the evaluation of airways distensibility. Our airways are constantly subjected to a cycling process of distention and recoil resulting from our breathing function, which appears to play a major role in maintaining airway patency. This chapter will describe the clinical applicability of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in the assessment of the dynamic changes of the airways in COPD. High-resolution CT is uniquely capable of addressing questions about airway responsiveness in vivo that are not answerable by other techniques. Factors affecting the beneficial effects of lung inflation and role of HRCT in assessing airway distensibility are also covered in this chapter.