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Chapter-08 Lung Volumes and Further Assessment: Beyond Spirometry

BOOK TITLE: Diagnostic Evaluation of the Respiratory System

Author
1. Sorino Claudio
2. Liou Theodore G
3. Granchelli Ann M
4. Kanner Richard
ISBN
9789386056009
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/13029_9
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2017
Pages
16
Author Affiliations
1. S. Anna Hospital, Como, Italy; University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
2. Intermountain Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, UK
3. University of Utah Hospitals and Clinics, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
4. University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
Chapter keywords
Lung volume, spirometry, body plethysmography, helium dilution, maximal expiratory pressure, MEP, respiratory muscle strength, hyperinflation, magnetic resonance imaging, chest x-ray

Abstract

This chapter gives an overview of lung volumes and further assessment. Spirometry is the gold standard for measuring lung function, and is often the most useful and easily available test to diagnose and monitor respiratory disease. Lung volume generally refers to the amount of gas present within the lungs as measured by body plethysmography, gas dilution or washout. This chapter also covers the body plethysmography, helium dilution, multiple-breath nitrogen washout, imaging and evaluation of the respiratory muscle strength. The strength of the respiratory muscles can be studied by measuring the pressure generated by inspiratory or expiratory efforts during airway occlusion. The main parameters used to define an impairment of respiratory muscle strength are the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP or PImax) and the maximal expiratory pressure (MEP or PEmax).

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