This chapter describes the application trichoscopy for scalp assessment in hair transplantation patient. It is a diagnostic tool, monitors treatment response and also gives an insight on prognosis. Trichoscopy is a technique used to facilitate the diagnosis of hair and scalp disorders. It is performed with hand held dermascope of 10 × magnification or videodermascope with lenses ranging from × 20 to × 1,000. Hair transplantation is now performed by majority of dermatologists, who is the true trichologist. It involves transplantation of individual follicular units from safe donor zone to the recipient site by various techniques. The most successful hair transplant surgeon is the one who assess the patients need, calculate the total donor harvest, accordingly selects proper technique, plans the present and future surgery and give good unnoticeable aesthetically pleasing hairline. The success of results depends on the patients’ donor and recipient area hair characteristics. Hence, proper assessment of donor zone is the important step.