The aim of this chapter is to focus on the integrated management of neonatal and childhood illness (IMNCI). IMCI is an integrated approach to child health that focuses on the well-being of the whole child. IMCI aims to reduce death, illness and disability, and to promote improved growth and development among children under five years of age. It focuses primarily on the most common causes of child mortality, i.e. diarrhea, pneumonia, measles, malaria, malnutrition, illness affecting children aged one week to two months, two months to five years. IMCI includes both preventive and curative elements that are implemented by families and communities as well as by health facilities. Principles of IMNCI integrated care are also discussed in this chapter.