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Chapter-110 Opioid Withdrawal

BOOK TITLE: Ramamurthy's Decision Making in Pain Management: An Algorithmic Approach

Author
1. MV Rana
ISBN
9789386261458
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/14128_111
Edition
3/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
3
Author Affiliations
1. University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
Chapter keywords
Opioid withdrawal syndrome, OWS, intensive care unit, ICU, weaning approach, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ECMO, neonatal abstinence syndrome, NAS, acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, NSAID

Abstract

Withdrawal syndrome is characterized by a constellation of constitutional symptoms, autonomic instability, thermoregulatory derangements, and other commonly reported signs and symptoms. In the pediatric population, the most common symptoms are diarrhea, vomiting, sweating, and fever. Reports indicate that opioid withdrawal occurred in 57% of neonates and 44% of children aged 2 weeks to 21 years after 5 days of continuous or scheduled opioid therapy in the intensive care unit (ICU). Risk of withdrawal is reduced when patients are either weaned off opioids or are given opioid doses less frequently. The literature indicates that the occurrence of withdrawal syndrome correlates with the speed of the opioid weaning process.

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