Corticosteroid intra-articular joint injections have been used routinely to treat joint pain since the 1950s with demonstrated clinical efficacy in both inflammatory and noninflammatory arthritides. The use of steroid injections decreases inflammation and pain. This can speed recovery and enable the return to normal daily activities by decreasing pain sufficiently to allow a patient to begin a physical rehabilitation program that strengthens the musculature and alleviates future symptoms. Steroid injections may also be indicated when oral medications, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and other conservative therapies have failed, or are contraindicated. Properties of corticosteroids, choice of steroid, local anesthetic additives, and contraindications are covered in this chapter.