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Chapter-10 Nephrology

BOOK TITLE: Partha’s 101 Clinical Pearls in Pediatrics

Author
1. Deshpande Pankaj
2. Sangeetha G
ISBN
9789386322746
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/14123_11
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
28
Author Affiliations
1. Hinduja Hospital, Mahim, Veer Savarkar Marg, Dr Yewale’s Hospital, Sector-9, Vashi, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Hinduja Hospital, Veer Savarkar Marg, Mahim and Dr Yewale’s Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, MGM Hospital Bethany Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Hinduja Hospital, Mahim and Dr Yewale’s Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, Parmanand Deepchand Hinduja National Hospital and Research Center, Mumbai, Maharashtra, PD Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, PD Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, Institute of Child Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, Apollo Hospitals, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
2. Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research, Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Chapter keywords
Nephrology, hemolytic uremic syndrome, HUS, idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, INS, urinary tract infection, acute glomerulonephritis, AGN, childhood nephrotic syndrome, renal stone disease

Abstract

This chapter talks about nephrology. This chapter is divided into five sections that cover the acute glomerulonephritis, urinary tract infection, hemolytic uremic syndrome, childhood nephrotic syndrome, and renal stone disease in children along with their clinical presentation, diagnostic work-up, management guidelines, and pitfalls. Acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) implies inflammation in the glomeruli. The presentation hence will be a reflection of that pathology. One of the common causes of AGN is postinfectious AGN (PIAGN). Urinary tract infection is one of the common infections in children. Fever without focus or urinary symptoms like frequency, urgency and dysuria are the presenting symptoms. Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a condition that all pediatricians should be aware of as the treatment needs to be prompt and urgent. Delayed treatment may lead to a poorer prognosis. Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is the most common type of nephrotic syndrome (NS) seen in children.

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