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Chapter-22 Ophthalmology

BOOK TITLE: Partha’s 101 Clinical Pearls in Pediatrics

Author

1. Srikanth R
2. Swaminathan Meenakshi

ISBN

9789386322746

DOI

10.5005/jp/books/14123_23

Edition

1/e

Publishing Year

2018

Pages

Author Affiliations

1. Sankara Nethralaya, 18, College Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
2. Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Strabismus Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, India, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and LTMG Hospital, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Sankara Nethralaya, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Chapter keywords

Ophthalmology, cataract, childhood strabismus, refractive error, pediatric age group, unilateral vision loss, bilateral vision loss, esotropia, exotropia, hypotropia

Abstract

Abstract

This chapter talks about ophthalmology. This chapter is divided into four sections that cover cataracts in children, childhood strabismus, refractive errors in pediatric age group, and unilateral and bilateral vision loss in children. Pediatric cataract is one of the major causes of preventable blindness worldwide. It not only affects the visual acuity but also the neurobiological development of the child. Irreversible blindness due to refractory amblyopia can be prevented by early diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention. Pediatric cataracts may be congenital, if present within the first year of life, or developmental, if presenting later or traumatic. Strabismus is most commonly described by the direction of the eye misalignment. The common types of strabismus are esotropia, exotropia, hypotropia and hypertropia.

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