Ludwig's Angina: A Study on Etiology and Factors affecting the Prognosis and Management

JOURNAL TITLE: An International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Clinics

Author
1. R Anil Kumar
2. Satish H Subbegowda
3. Nikhil M John
ISSN
0975-444X
DOI
10.5005/jp-journals-10003-1289
Volume
10
Issue
2
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
5
Author Affiliations
    1. Department of ENT and Head & Neck, Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
    1. Department of ENT and Head & Neck, Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
  • Article keywords
    Airway management, Ludwig\'s angina, Surgical decompression

    Abstract

    Objectives: To evaluate the various etiological factors contributing to the development of Ludwig's angina, factors affecting the prognosis, and various modalities that will help in the management of this potentially dangerous condition and further complications. Materials and methods: A prospective study was conducted from January 2016 to December 2016 at the Department of ENT, Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute (BMC & RI), Bengaluru, India. Thirty patients with Ludwig's angina were studied. Age, sex, etiological factors, associated systemic diseases, microbiology, antibiotic therapy, duration of hospital stay, and social background of patients were evaluated. Results: Most patients were in the third decade of life; there was a preponderance of females in this study. Dental infection was the most common etiological factor (70%). Neck swelling (100%), pain (83%), fever (75%), and trismus (33%) were the most common complaints. Most common pathogens found were Streptococcus viridans (36.6%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (16.6%), Streptococcus pyogenes (13.3%), and Klebsiella species (10%). Majority of patients (80%) were discharged by 2 weeks following the day of admission. Conclusion: Management of Ludwig's angina can often be challenging. Appropriate and aggressive antibiotic therapy, surgical decompression if required, and removal of infected foci can arrest the progress of disease process and prevent further complications.

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