Aim: This study aimed to assess the variations in root canal morphology of permanent maxillary first molar with the use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods: One hundred extracted teeth were cleaned and arranged in U shape template mimicking natural arch in set of five teeth. These arches were scanned in CBCT and were analyzed by expert radiologist for number of roots, number of canals per root, and Vertucci classification. Result: A maximum number of permanent maxillary first molars had three roots, and only 2% had two roots. All the palatal roots and 99% of distobuccal roots had one canal, but one of the distobuccal roots had two canals. Incidence of two canals in MB root is more frequent (60%) than incidence of one canal. The most common type of Vertucci's classification for MB root is a type I, followed by type IV, type II, type VI, type V, type VII.