Background: The aim of the current study is to determine the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and evaluation of the effect of prognostic factors on survival rate. Materials and methods: The archives of all patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (2011–2017) were studied. Patients’ data were extracted using a checklist that included age, gender, tumor stage, treatment methods used, and survival rate in months. All data were analyzed by the SPSS-17 software with the Chi-square test, the Kaplan–Meier test, and the log-rank test at a statistical significance level of p < 0.05. Results: Out of 109 patients with laryngeal cancer, 99 were males and 10 were females. Patients in stages I and II and also in stage III had a longer overall survival compared to patients in stage IV. The mean survival rate was found to be significantly lower in patients in stage IV compared to those in the other stages of the disease. Patients in the age group of 35–59 years had a longer overall survival compared to the older age group (60–89 years). Patients at stage III of the disease who had not undergone chemotherapy had a greater longevity compared to the ones who had undergone the therapy. Patients at stage IV who had not undergone laryngectomy had a much lower survival rate compared to those who had used both surgery and radiotherapy or chemoradiation. Conclusion: Surgery and radiotherapy can positively affect the mean survival rate in patients at stages I and II of laryngeal carcinoma. Together surgery and chemotherapy or chemoradiation have a positive effect on the survival of patients in advanced stages of the disease.