Study of Association between Exposure to Indoor Air Pollution and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease among Nonsmokers in a North Indian Population - A Case- Control Study

JOURNAL TITLE: Indian Journal of Respiratory Care

Author
1. Madhurmay
2. Suryakant
3. Rajendra Prasad
4. Santosh Kumar
5. Arvind Kumar Singh
6. Ajay Kumar Verma
7. Hemant Kumar
ISSN
2277-9019
DOI
10.4103/ijrc.ijrc_52_18
Volume
8
Issue
2
Publishing Year
2019
Pages
5
  • Article keywords
    Biomass fuel, coal exposure, indoor air pollution, wood exposure

    Abstract

    Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most killing diseases worldwide. Tobacco smoking is still the most common single cause of COPD, but in developing countries such as India, indoor air pollution is one of the common etiological factors for COPD. This study was done to find out the association of various indoor pollution and COPD, especially in women who are exposed most due to the burning of domestic fuel. Patients and Methods: This is a case-control study in which 164 spirometry-confirmed COPD patients and 328 matched controls were studied. Various types of indoor air pollution were compared between cases and controls. Results: Of 164 cases, 72 cases (43.9%) had regular exposure to indoor air pollution. Common types of indoor air pollution were biomass fuel, wood smoke, coal smoke, and stove smoke. The odds of having indoor pollution such as biomass fuel exposure, wood exposure, coal, and stove in COPD patients were 3.16, 2.70, 2.45, and 2.05, respectively, in comparison to the control group. Except stove exposure, other indoor air pollutions were statistically significant with P = 0.001, 0.003, and 0.02, respectively. Longer time exposure in terms of number of years of biomass fuel exposure, wood exposure, and coal fuel exposure was statistically significant as compared to exposures in the control group with P = 0.001, 0.0009, and 0.0006, respectively. Conclusion: Indoor air pollutants (biomass fuel, coal, and wood smoke) are associated with the development of COPD, especially in the female population.

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