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JOURNAL TITLE: Indian Journal of Sleep Medicine
Introduction: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in patients with chronic respiratory failure (CRF) due to pulmonary disease remains an underrated and undiagnosed entity. Materials and methods: A prospective descriptive study in patients with CRF with history suggestive of SDB was carried out using polysomnography (PSG) over a period of 12 months. Results: Thirty patients with the Epworth sleepiness scale greater than 11 and CRF underwent PSG. Ninety percent patients had obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome using the respiratory disturbance index (RDI) of 5 as cut-off. Mean RDI was 13.4 and mean apnea-hypopnea Index (AHI) was 10.5. Besides, the patients had a poor sleep quality; sleep efficiency was 69.38 ± 14.44%, sleep onset time was 30.35 ± 24.31 minutes. Wake after sleep onset (WASO) was 107.25 ± 57.71 minutes. Rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep latency was 126.08 ± 66.61 minutes. N1 was 23.75 ± 14.89, N2 was 45.22 ± 12.69, N3 was 20.02 ± 12.57, and REM sleep period was 11.33 ± 8 minutes. The body mass index (BMI) and Epworth sleepiness score (ESS) had a significant correlation with AHI with p value < 0.005. Conclusion: Sleep-disordered breathing is an important comorbidity in patients with CRF leading to increased morbidity and mortality. A high of suspicion must be kept for the same especially in patients with higher BMI and high ESS. Such patients have a poor quality of sleep besides increased incidence of sleep apnea.
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