Background: Spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) represents a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Transvaginal cervical shortening is a predictor of preterm birth. Prediction of preterm labor by measurement of cervical length through transvaginal sonography when coupled with appropriate preterm birth prevention strategies, has been associated with reductions in SPTB in asymptomatic singleton pregnant women. Materials and methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 210 pregnant women attending the ANC OPD in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College Jaipur, during the time period of January 2017 to June 2018 and fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criterion for the study. Detailed history taking and pre-evaluation done as per prestructured proforma followed by transvaginal ultrasonography with GE VOLUSON 730 PRO TVS probe IC 5–9 H instrument with 5–9 MHz which was done by a single operator after taking consent. Cervical length was measured at 11–14 weeks and subsequently, the subjects were followed up between 18 weeks and 22 weeks for the repeat readings. Statistical analysis was done to determine the significance of cervical length in predicting preterm labor. The analysis was done using SPSS version 20 (IBM SPSS Statistics Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA) Windows software program. Results: In our study, 180 patients had a significant correlation of cervical length at 11–14 and 18–22 weeks in relation to preterm and term delivery. The mean cervical length of the study group at 18–22 weeks was 3.14 mm. Conclusion: Transvaginal ultrasonographic measurement of cervical length is an effective tool for the evaluation of preterm delivery risk.