Electron Microscopic Comparative Analysis of Smear Layer Removal by Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid and Chitosan Using Ultrasonic Activation: An In Vitro Study

JOURNAL TITLE: Journal of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics

Author
1. Arthanarieswaran A Sivakumar
2. Anjaneya S Prasad
3. Saravanapriyan Soundappan
4. Ravi Vaiyapuri
5. Chakravarthy S Vineetha
6. Jambai S Sivakumar
ISSN
DOI
10.5005/jp-journals-10047-0073
Volume
4
Issue
1
Publishing Year
2019
Pages
5
Author Affiliations
    1. Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
    1. Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
    1. Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Eleyampalayam, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
    1. Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
    1. Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Eleyampalayam, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
    1. Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Eleyampalayam, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
  • Article keywords
    Chitosan, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, Scanning electron microscopy, Smear layer, Ultrasonics

    Abstract

    Aim: To compare the ability of smear layer removal by ultrasonic activation of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and chitosan. Materials and methods: Forty-five freshly extracted human mandibular single-rooted premolars were collected and stored in distilled water. Teeth were radiographed to confirm the existence of a single canal. The crowns were sectioned to standardize the length of the root samples to 14 mm using a diamond disk under constant irrigation. Cleaning and shaping were done up to ProTaper F3, and the specimens were randomly divided into three groups of 15 samples each—group I-control group (ultrasonically activated-normal saline), groups II (ultrasonically activated-EDTA), and group III (ultrasonically activated-chitosan). After this, the roots of the teeth were split longitudinally, and the samples were placed in 2% glutaraldehyde for 24 hours. The samples were then desiccated, mounted, and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) photographs were taken at coronal, middle, and apical levels. Data were collected based on Gutmann's scoring criteria, and statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05). Results: Ultrasonic activation of EDTA had the highest ability of smear layer removal. Conclusion: Ultrasonically activated EDTA and chitosan showed significant difference in smear layer removal compared to normal saline; EDTA was found to be better than chitosan.

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