Aim: With advancements in science and technology, our knowledge and understanding about the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and its impact on systemic health of humans has increased. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of periodontal therapy on hematological parameters among subjects with chronic periodontitis. Materials and methods: A total of 42 systemically healthy male patients with chronic periodontitis with age group between 30 and 55 years were included in the study. Hematological parameters evaluated from peripheral blood samples at baseline were hemoglobin (Hb) level, erythrocyte count [red blood cells (RBC)], erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Periodontal parameters like plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded at baseline. Periodontal therapy including surgery, if required, was carried out in all the patients. Periodontal clinical parameters were repeated at 6 and 12 months. The hematological parameters again were recorded at the end of 12 months. Results: Data analyses showed statistically significant improvements in Hb levels and erythrocyte counts after periodontal therapy. Decreased value of ESR after treatment indicated resolution of periodontal inflammation. There was nonsignificant improvement in MCV value, and much lesser improvement in MCH and MCHC values. Conclusion: The result of the present study shows that periodontal therapy leads to an improvement in hematological parameters in chronic generalized periodontitis patients. It can also conclude that chronic periodontitis can lead to anemia, like other chronic diseases.