Textbook of Ophthalmology (4 Volumes) Athiya Agarwal, Sunita Agarwal, Suresh K Pandey, David J Apple
INDEX
Numbers in colour indicate volume numbers
A
Abducent nerve 1:340
and its lesions 1:342344
course 1:341
differential diagnosis 1:343
exit from the brain 1:341
management 1:343
nucleus 1:340
palsy—clinical features 1:341
Abney effect 1:88
Abnormal retinal correspondence 1:444446
AC/A ratio 1:424425, 544
methods to measure 1:424
significance of 1:425
treatment 1:425
variations 1:425
Acanthamoeba keratitis 2:10201024
Accessory lacrimal gland of Wolffring 2:556
Accommodation reflex pathway 1:302
Accommodation-mechanism 1: 6670
Accommodative esotropia 1:457460
Achromatopsia 1:89
Acute macular neuroretinopathy 4:2517
clinical features 4:2518
diagnosis 4:2519
etiology 4:2517
treatment 4:2519
Acute meibomitis 2:627
Acute retinal necrosis syndrome 3:1998
Acyclovir 2:1041
Adhesive syndrome 1:485
Adjustable IOLs 2:1290
Adjustable refractive surgery 2:13061309
Adjustable suture technique 1:538539
Adrenaline test 1:306308
African lymphoma 2:635
After images test 1:440
Agarwal chopper 3:1748
Age-related macular degeneration 3:2218, 2250; 4:2322, 2375, 2395, 2433, 2465
advances 4:2474
classification 4:2465
differential diagnosis 4:2469
growth factors 3:2251
investigations 4:2467
medical therapy for 3:2250
photodynamic therapy 3:2251
prevention 4:2468
radiation therapy 3:2252
treatment 4:2469
Age-related macular dystrophy 4:2408
AIDS and disinfection 4:2936
Air pump to prevent surge 3:1731
advantages 3:1732
continuous infusion 3:1732
method 3:1731
no anesthesia cataract surgery 3:1733
Airy disk 1:135
Albinism 4:2880, 2962
Albright’s disease 4:2885
Alcian blue 2:744
Alcian blue staining 1:52
Alexander’s law 1:290
Alkaptonuria 4:2879
Alphagan 2:1270
Altitudinal field defects 1:322, 378
Amaurotic cat’s eye reflex 4:2613
Amblyopia 1:355358, 442443, 447451
chloroquine 1:357
diagnosis 1:447
epinephrine 1:358
ethambutol 1:358
ethyl alcohol 1:356
methyl alcohol 1:356
nutritional deficiency 1:358
oral contraceptive 1:358
tobacco-alcohol 1: 355356
toxic 1: 355
treatment 1:447
Aminoacidurias and related disorders 4:2877
Amnion 1:6
Amniotic membrane application 2:889895
Amplification 1: 103104
Amsler grid test 4:2383, 2461, 2469, 2501
Anatomy of the eye 1:2226
Anatomy of the lids 2:551558
Angioid streaks 4:2479
Angle alpha 1:421422
Angle gamma 1:421422
Angle kappa 1:422423
negative 1:423
positive 1:422423
vertical 1:423
Angle of anomaly 1:444
Angle of anterior chamber 3:1363
canal of Schlemm 3:1365
ciliary band 3:1364
drainage of aqueous humor 3:1366
iris processes 3:1364
Schwalbe’s line 3:1366
scleral spur 3:1364
trabecular meshwork 3:1364
Angle-closure glaucoma 4:2615
Angular vein 1:3435
Aniridia 3:1401
Aniseikonia 1:184185
classification 1:184
etiology 1:184
symptoms 1:185
treatment 1:185
Anisometropia 1:182183
classification 1:182
clinical features 1:183
etiology 1:182
tests 1:183
treatment 1:183
Anisophoria 1:454
Ankyloblepharon 2:641
Anomalies of disjunctive fixation 1:471472
Anterior chamber phakic IOLs 2:12841285
Anterior embryotoxon 2:1084
Anterior ethmoidal artery 1:30, 34
Anterior ethmoidal vein 1:3435
Anterior loop traction 4:2728
Anterior segment angiography 4:2338
Anterior segment ischemia 1:542
Anterior segment tumors 3:2031
anterior segment cysts 3:2039
ciliary body melanoma 3:2035
ciliary body nevus 3:2032
Fuchs’ adenoma 3:2045
iris melanoma 3:2033
iris nevus 3:2031
leiomyoma 3:2045
metastasis 3:2043
Anterior uveitis 3:1991
ancillary tests 3:1994
complications of 3:1995
differential diagnosis 3:1994
management 3:2001
signs 3:1991
symptoms 3:1991
Antiallergy therapy 3:2168
antiallergy medication 3:2169
antihistamines 3:2171
topical mast cell inhibitors 3:2170
topical steroids 3:2175
type 1 hypersensitivity reactions 3:2168
Antibacterial therapy 3:2093
antibacterial drugs 3:2095
disadvantages 3:2095
indications for 3:2094
Antibiotic therapy for the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis 3:2112
Anticholinesterase agents 3:1487
Antifungal therapy antifungal drugs 3:2159
new horizons in 3:2166
Antiglaucoma therapy 3:1481
alpha-adrenergic agonists 3:1487
apraclonidine 3:1487
brimonidine tartrate 3:1488
anticholinesterase agents 3:1484
demecarium bromide 3:1486
echothiophate iodine 3:1486
physostigmine 3:1484
antimetabolites 3:1501
5-fluorouracil 3:1501
mitomycin-C 3:1503
beta-blockers 3:1492
betaxolol 3:1493
cartolol 3:1493
levobunolol 3:1494
metipranolol 3:1494
calcium channel blockers 3:1501
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors 3:1495
acetazolamide 3:1496
brinzolamide 3:1497
dichlorphenamide 3:1497
hyperosomotic agents 3:1499
methazolamide 3:1497
future directions 3:1506
miotics 3:1482
acetylcholine chloride 3:1482
carbachol 3:1484
pilocarpine 3:1482
pilocarpine and physostigmine combination 3:1484
recent advances in 3:1504
role of neuroregeneration 3:1507
sympathomimetics 3:1490
dipivalyl epinephrine 3:1492
epinephrine 3:1490
Antihistamines 3:2171
Antiinflammatory therapy corticosteroids 3:2113
immunosuppressive agents 3:2126
nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs 3:2119
Antioxidants and nutritional agents 3:2213
Antiretroviral therapy of ocular infections in AIDS patients 3:2232
break-through retinitis 3:2235
cytomegalovirus infection 3:2233
herpes zoster ophthalmicus 3:2237
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 3:2237
pneumocystis carinii choroiditis 3:2237
toxoplasma infection 3:2236
Antiviral agents: major toxicities 3:2132
Antiviral therapies 3:2129, 2149
DNA viruses 3:2149
adenoviruses 3:2142, 2149
cytomegalovirus 3:2136, 2149
herpes simplex virus 3:2129, 2149
varicella zoster virus (VZV) 3:2140, 2149
Epstein-Barr virus 3:2141
first generation drugs 3:2151
RNA viruses 3:2149
measles 3:2149
mumps 3:2149
picorna viruses 3:2149
rubella 3:2149
second generation drugs 3:2154
Apert’s syndrome 2:769
Aphakia 1:170173; 4:2668
disadvantages 1:171
etiology 1:170
optics 1:170
signs 1:172
treatment 1:173
Apoptosis 1:113
Applanation lens 2:1173
Application of molecular genetics to macular dystrophies 4:2399
Aqueous humor 1:55
blood-aqueous barrier 1:55
breakdown of 1:56
composition 1:62
chemical composition of 1:62
physical properties 1:62
dynamics 1:5565
formation 1:5759
active secretion 1:58
diffusion 1:58
ultrafiltration 1:59
functions 1: 65
movements 1: 59
bulk flow 1:60
routes of outflow 1:6061
thermal circulation 1:59
routes of outflow trabecular meshwork outflow 1:60
uveoscleral outflow pathways 1:61
vacuolation theory 1:61
Arch of aorta 1:2728
Arch perimetry 3:1389
Arcuate keratotomy 2:11541157
Arcus juvenilis 2:1084
Arcus senilis 2:1084
Arden gratings 1:181
Argon laser trabeculoplasty 3:1512
ARS 2:13061309
Arsenic poisoning 1:358
Artificial tear solutions 3:2207
polyvinyl alcohol base solutions 3:2209
viscosity increasing agents 3:2209
Artisan IOL 2:12851286
Ascending pharyngeal artery 1:28
Ascher’s syndrome 2:641
Asteroid hyalosis 4:2310, 2311
Astigmatic contact lenses 1:208209
Astigmatic fan 1:155
Astigmatic keratotomy 2:11521170
Astigmatism 1:174177
against-the-rule 1:175
and the cornea 1:175
compound 1:175176
etiology 1:174
mixed 1:176177
optics 1:174
residual 1:177
simple 1:175
symptoms 1:177
treatment 1:177
with-the-rule 1:175
Asymmetric astigmatism 1:232
Asymmetrical radial corneal incisions 2:1159
Atom 2:1191
Aubert-Forster phenomenon 1:158
Autoimmune response in the eye 4:2811
Automated anterior lamellar keratoplasty 2:1229
Automatic corneal shaper 2:11991206
Autosomal dominant drusen 4:2430
AV patterns 1:488491
clinical features 1:490
clinical significance 1:488
esotropia 1:488
exotropia 1:488
treatment 1:490
Avellino corneal dystrophy 2:1059
Axenfeld Reiger syndrome 2:10491051; 3:1399
Axial angles of the eye 1:421423
alpha 1:422
gamma 1:422
kappa 1:422
Azoles 2:1035
B
Bagolinis striated glasses 1:439440, 464
Balanced salt solution 4:2299
Balloon dacryocystoplasty 2:722723, 730
Band shaped keratopathy 2:1081
Bar reading 1:494
Bardet-Biedl syndrome 4:2441
Barrie’s ruler test 1:291
Basic embryology 1:37
Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome 4:2872
Batten’s disease 4:2441
Bayadi lens 1:191
B-cells 4:2807
BCVA 3:1943
Beckern Schaffer’s classification 3:1372
Behcet’s syndrome 4:2854, 2863
Bell’s phenomenon 2:558
Benedict’s syndrome 1:333
Benign concentric annular dystrophy 4:2443
Benson’s disease 4:2310
Bergmeister’s papilla 4:2303
Berke’s method 2:577
Best’s disease 4:2400
Bezold-Brücke phenomenon 1:88
Bielschowsky’s head tilting test 1:337339
Bielschowsky’s phenomenon 1:486
Bietti’s crystalline corneal dystrophy 2:10671068
Bilaminar germ disk 1:5, 20
Binkhorst formula 3:1673
Binocular vision 1:411420
anomalies 1:417
accommodative 1:420
oculomotor 1:420
disorders 1:412
eye movements 1:416
fixation disparity test 1:414
measurement and evaluation of deviation 1: 414
pupillary reflexes 1:416
retinoscopy and refraction 1:414
Biochemistry of lens 1:117124
amino acids 1:119
ascorbic acid 1:121
crystalline lens 1:117
glucose metabolism 1:121
lens proteins 1:117
chemical changes 1:122
senile cataractogenesis 1:122
lipids 1:120
transport processes 1:119
Biopsy of the conjunctiva 2:745
Bioptics 2:12891291, 13051306
Birdshot retinochoroidopathy 4:2513
Bito’s pump 4:2493
Bjerrum’s scotoma 1:318
Blebitis 3:1554
Blepharitis 2:627628
Blepharochalasis 2:641
Blepharon 2:565
Blepharophimosis syndrome 2:590591, 640
Blepharoplasty 2:620624
lower transconjunctival 2:622623
lower transcutaneous 2:623624
upper 2:621622
Blepharoptosis 2:565575
Blepharospasm essential 2:641
Blood supply 1:2738
Blood supply of anterior segment 4:2319
Blood-aqueous barrier 1:5557
Blood-brain barriers 4:2320
Blood-retinal barrier 4:2319
Bloodstaining of the cornea 2:1083
Blow out fracture 2:809
Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome 2:638
Blunt trauma 4:2657, 2669
Body mass index 3:1591
Border tissue of Elschnig 1:324325
Border tissue of Jacoby 1:324325
Botulinum toxin 1:344, 527534; 2:685693
Bourneville’s syndrome 4:2970
Bowman’s layer 1:12
Box-carring 4:2543
Brachycephaly 2:767, 769
Branch retinal artery occlusion 4:2544
Branch retinal vein occlusion 4:2536
Break up time 2:704, 742743
Brolene 2:1023
Brow lift surgery 2:644654
complications 2:652653
coronal brow lift 2:650, 661663
direct brow lift 2:648, 657658
endoscopic forehead lift 2:650652, 663668
fixation methods 2:652
midforehead lift 2:649, 658659
pretrichial brow lift 2:649, 660
temporal 2:657
Brown’s syndrome 1:476478
Browpexy 2:656657
Browplasty 2:656657
Bruch’s membrane 1:13; 3:1989
B-scan ultrasound 4:2653
artifacts 4:2662
examination techniques 4:2655
in common orbital disorders 4:2659
in intraocular tumors 4:2658
in ocular trauma 4:2657
in vitreoretinal disease 4:2656
instrumentation 4:2654
patient positioning 4:2654
recent advances 4:2662
Bull’s eye lesion 4:2398
Burkitt’s tumor 2:635
Bursa premacularis 4:2498, 2507
Butterfly-shaped pattern dystrophy 4:2417
C
Cadaver time 2:1089
Café au lait spots 4:2633, 2635
Calcarine sulcus 1:313
Calcific band keratopathy 2:10801083
Calciphylaxia 2:1081
Caloric test 1:295297
Cambridge low contrast gratings 1:180181
Campimetry 3:1387
Canal of Cloquet 4:2301, 2309
Canal of Schlemm 3:1366, 1370
Canal paresis 1:296297
Canalicular lacerations repair 2:724726
Canaliculodacryocystorhinostomy 2:719
Candidate gene approach 1:105
Candle wax drippings 4:2856
Can-opener capsulotomy 3:1939
Capsaicin 2:1046
Capsulorhexis 3:1734
complications and pitfalls 3:1739
difficult cases 3:1737
pigmentosa 3:1737
posterior capsulorhexis 3:1738
pseudoexfoliation syndrome 3:1737
small pupil 3:1737
uveitis 3:1737
disadvantages of 3:1740
forceps technique 3:1736
needle technique 3:1734
Carbohydrate metabolism disorders 4:2875
Carotid-cavernous fistula 2:786787
Caruncle 2:837
Cataract 3:1587, 1620
acquired 3:1628
age related 3:1590
metabolic factors 3:1595
personal factors 3:1590
social factors 3:1592
associated with systemic diseases 3:1637
capsular 3:1622
clinical features 3:1639
congenital 3:1587
cortical 3:1623
developmental 3:1627
diagnostic tests for 3:1640
environmental factors associated with 3:1606
allopurinol 3:1608
amiodarone 3:1609
antimalarial drugs 3:1609
corticosteroids 3:1607
diuretics and antihypertensives 3:1608
hypocholesterolemic drugs 3:1609
phenothiazines 3:1608
ultraviolet radiation 3:1606
lamellar 3:1623
management 3:1640
anesthesia for 3:1643
extracapsular cataract extraction 3:1648
intracapsular cataract extraction 3:1646
laser cataract surgery 3:1653
laser phakonit 3:1656
phacoemulsification 3:1650
nuclear 3:1623
ocular diseases associated with 3:1602
dehydrational crisis 3:1605
glaucoma 3:1603
hypertension 3:1605
myopia 3:1603
ocular trauma 3:1604
renal failure 3:1605
subcapsular 3:1622
supranuclear 3:1623
sutural 3:1623
toxic 3:1635
traumatic 3:1635
Cataract surgery 3:1661, 1716, 1769, 1804, 1841, 1850, 2016
changes in the vitreous 3:1664
biochemical 3:1666
mechanical 3:1664
photochemical 3:1667
transport 3:1666
extracapsular cataract extraction 3:1662
in severe hyperopia 3:1804
anatomical features 3:1804
calculation of the implant power 3:1809
phacoemulsification 3:1806
polypseudophakia 3:1811
in uveitic patients 3:2016
combined surgeries 3:2019
intraocular lenses 3:2018
phacoemulsification 3:2017
postoperative treatment 3:2020
preoperative management 3:2017
intracapsular cataract extraction 3:1661
manual multiphacofragmentation technique 3:1716
phacoemulsification with cryoanalgesia 3:1769
with Dodick laser photolysis 3:1850
complications 3:1855
selection of patients 3:1851
surgical technique 3:1852
with laser phaco 3:1841
Cataractogenesis 1:122124
Cavernous sinus 1:3538, 328329
Cavernous sinus syndrome 1:333334, 336, 342343
Cellular replacements 1:115
Cellulitis 4:2662
Central areolar chorioretinal dystrophy 4:2443
Central cloudy corneal dystrophy of francois 2:10661067
Central meniscus of Kuhnt 1:324325
Central or inverse retinitis pigmentosa 4:2440
Central orbital space 2:764
Central retinal artery 1:3031
Central retinal artery occlusion 4:2541
Central retinal vein 1:3435
Central retinal vein occlusion 4:2531
Central serous retinopathy 4:2457
clinical features 4:2459
investigations 4:2460
treatment 4:2463
Cerebellar disorders 1:288
Chalazion 2:626
Chalky white appearance 4:2613
Champagne cork appearance 1:362
Chandler’s syndrome 3:1409
Chandler’s vitreous surgery 3:1450, 1453
Check ligaments 2:763
Cheiroscope of Maddox 1:493
Chemical injuries 2:922926
Chemical methods of disinfection 4:29332936
Chemodenervation 1:469 see also botulinum toxin
Chlamydiae 2:854
Chorion 1:6
Chorioretinal inflammation 4:2668
Choroidal crescent 1:167168
Choroidal neovascularization, causes 4:2475
Choroidal vasculature 4:2317
Chromatic aberration 1:136
Churg-Strauss syndrome 4:2861
Ciliary arteries 4:2320
Ciliary ganglion 1:330331
Cilioretinal artery 1:3233
Cilioretinal artery occlusion 4:2547
Cimetidine 2:1046
Circle of Willis 1:2728
Circle of Zinn 3:1989; 4:2317
Circle of Zinn or Haller 1:3233
Circulus arteriosus iridis major 1:3233
Cisterna lenticularis 4:2302
Claude’s syndrome 1:333
Climatic droplet keratopathy 2:10851086
Coat’s white ring 2:1083
Coats’ disease 4:2627, 2671, 2949
clinical characteristics 4:2628
demographics 4:2627
differential diagnosis 4:2628
etiology 4:2628
treatment 4:2630
Coats’ syndrome 4:2442, 2616
Cobalt blue test of Landolt 1:156
Cogan’s syndrome 4:2861
Cogan-Reese syndrome 3:1409, 2032
Collamer lens 2:1287
Coloboma of the optic disk 1:381382
Colobomas of lid 2:640641
Color blue sky 1:88
blue water 1:88
red sunset 1:88
Color blindness 1:8485, 8889
Color Doppler scanography 1:54
Color vision 1:8390
defects 1:88
factors that modify color perception 1:88
higher centers in color perception 1:87
Color vision testing 1:8990
Color vision theories Granit’s dominator-modulator theory 1:87
Hartridge’s polychromatic theory 1:8687
Hering’s theory 1:87
Young’s trichromatic theory 1:86
Combined artery and vein occlusion 4:2547
Combined cataract extraction and filtering surgery 3:1563
advantages 3:1564
complications 3:1567
disadvantages 3:1564
patients for which cataract surgery is indicated 3:1563
patients for which filtering surgery is indicated 3:1563
surgical techniques 3:1565
Combined procedures in refractive surgery 2:13031309
Comitant vertical deviations 1:480481
Common ocular syndromes 4:29652973
Common tendinous ring 1:401
Comparison between phaco and laser phaco 3:1843
Complicated (secondary) cataract 3:1638
Complications of HIV infection in the eye 4:2820
neoplastic and neuro-ophthalmological complications 4:2820
Complications of squint surgery 1:541543
Compound microscope 1:186187
Compression sutures 2:1161
Computerized videokeratography 2:950
Conductive keratoplasty 2:13561359
Cone dystrophy 4:2435
Cone pigments 1:7677
Cone-rod dystrophy 4:2435
Cones-photochemistry 1:8384
Confocal microscopy 2:986990
Confusion 1:441
Congenital anomalies of the eye and its adnexa 4:2939
anterior chamber 4:2944
choroid 4:2947
ciliary body 4:2946
conjunctiva 4:2959
cornea 4:2942
eyeball 4:2940
eyelids 4:2956
iris 4:2945
lacrimal system 4:2959
lens 4:2953
ocular motility 4:2962
optic nerve 4:2951
orbit 4:2960
pigmentation of the eye 4:2961
retina 4:2948
sclera 4:2943
vitreous 4:2956
Congenital cataracts 4:2954
Congenital glaucoma 3:1396
in phakomatoses 3:1402
iridocorneal dysgenesis 3:1398
management 3:1397
pathology and pathogenesis 3:1396
Congenital hereditary endothelial corneal dystrophy 2:10691070
Congenital hereditary stromal corneal dystrophy 2:1068
Congenital optic nerve anomalies 1:381384
coloboma of optic disk 1:381
myelinated nerve fibers 1:384
optic disk drusen 1:383
optic disk pit 1:382
optic nerve hypoplasia 1:382
tilted disk 1:383
Congenital rubella syndrome 3:1590
Conjugate palsies 1:281284
Conjunctiva anatomy 2:833837
blood supply 2:836837
bulbar 2:833
microscopic structure 2:834835
nerve supply 2:837
palpebral 2:833
Conjunctival chlamydial infections 2:854862
Conjunctival dacryocystorhinostomy 2:719720
Conjunctival disorders 2:838888
Conjunctival fornix 2:834
Conjunctival glands 2:835837
goblet cells 2:835836
Krause’s glands 2:836
Manz glands 2:836
Henle’s glands 2:836
Wolffring’s glands 2:836
Conjunctival immunologic diseases 2:843850
Conjunctival impression cytology 2:45
Conjunctival melanocytic tumors 2:877879
Conjunctival membranes 2:883
Conjunctival neoplasms 2:838843
benign tumors 2:838839
dacryoadenoma 2:839
human papilloma virus 2:840
inverted conjunctival papilloma 2:839
malignant tumors 2:839842
papilloma 2:839
silver staining 2:841
Conjunctival-follicles 2:883
Conjunctival-papillae 2:882883
Conjunctivitis 2:882888
adult inclusion 2:856
allergic 2:843844
atopic keratoconjunctivitis 2:844
bacterial 2:884887
chronic papillary 2:852
epidemic keratoconjunctivitis 2:851
follicular 2:883
giant papillary 2:847
neonatal inclusion 2:856
vernal keratoconjunctivitis 2:846
viral 2:850854
Conradi’s syndrome 4:2886
Contact lens associated red eye (CLARE) 1:212
Contact lens care system 3:2239
bifocal contact lenses 3:2240
disposable soft contact lenses 3:2240
extended wear contact lenses 3:2240
hard contact lenses 3:2239
rigid gas permeable lenses 3:2240
soft contact lenses 3:2240
toric soft lenses 3:2240
Contact lens-induced changes 1:237
Contact lenses-care systems 1:227
Contact lenses-extended wear 1:210211
Contact lenses-topographic and pachymetric changes 1:237244
Continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis 3:1734, 1868
Contrast sensitivity 1:178181
Convergence excess 1:418, 472
Convergence insufficiency 1:417, 471472
Convergence near reflex pathway 1:301
Copper wiring 4:2554
Cornea farinata 2:1080
Cornea plana 4:2942
Cornea-development 1: 12
Corneal amyloidosis 2:1082
Corneal anatomy 2:939942
Bowman’s layer 2:940941
Descemet’s membrane 2:941
endothelium 2:942
epithelium 2:939
stroma 2:941
Corneal degenerations 2:10791088
caused by aging 2:1080
not caused by aging 2:10801083
Corneal dystrophies 2:10531078
anterior 2:10531057
endothelial 2:10691072
of Bowman’s layer 2:10551057
stromal 2:10571069
Corneal edema causes of 3:2224
topical hyperosmotic agents 3:2225
Corneal endothelium examination 2:967979
Corneal hydration 2:944945
Corneal preservation 2:10891092
34°C organ culture 2:1091
Corneal protector 2:1175
Corneal rupture 2:912
Corneal topography 2:949966
cataract surgery 2:959966
central islands 2:958
contact lens induced warpage 2:953954
decentered ablation 2:958
keratoconus 2:952953
lasik 2:955957
phakonit 2:966
radial keratotomy 2:954955
relasik 2:957
Corneal transparency 2:944946
Corneal ulcers 2:10251031
Corneal warpage 1:237
Corrugator supercilii 2:552
Cortical cataract-biochemistry 1:123
Corynebacterium 2:627
Cotton-wool spots 4:2533, 2552, 2546, 2770, 2819, 2861
Cover test 1:413, 429431, 449, 454
Cowden’s disease 2:634
Craniofacial dysostosis 4:2885
Craniometaphyseal dysplasia 4:2888
Craniosynostosis 2:766770
Creases and furrows 2:560562
Creases of the queue de sourcil 2:551
Critical angle 1:131132
Crouzon’s disease 2:769
Crow’s feet 2:692
Crowding phenomenon 1:442
Cryolathe 2:1176
Cryopreservation 2:1091
Cryotherapy 4:2620, 2639, 2697
Cuneus 1:313
Curvularia lunata 2:1034
Cyclodamia 1:156
Cyclophoria 1:454
Cyclophosphamide 4:2862
Cycloplegia 1:148
Cyclosporine 2:11141116
Cyclovertical deviations 1:480487
Bielschowsky’s classification 1:480
comitant vertical deviations 1:480
difference from horizontal deviations 1:480
dissociated vertical deviation 1:485
Faden’s operation 1:487
paretic vertical deviations 1:481
strabismus sursoadductorius 1:484
Cystinosis 2:1081; 4:2877
Cystoid macular edema, causes 3:1669; 4:249396
Cytomegalovirus 2:853
D
Dacryocystitis 2:705712
Dacryocystorhinostomy 2:709711, 713719, 730
endoscopic 2:718719, 732739
Dacryoscintigraphy 2:703
Danger area of the face 1:3435
Dark adaptation 1:8283
Darkness reflex 1:303
Decimal fraction 1:159
Delivery systems in excimer laser 2:11941195
Dellen 2:10831084
Demodex folliculorum 2:628
Dendritic ulcer 2:1039
Depressor lens 1:193
Depth of focus 1:137
Dermatitis 2:629
Derry’s disease 4:2874
Descemet’s membrane 1:12
Descemet’s membrane detachment 3:1931
Descemet’s membrane, breaks 2:911912
Descemet’s warts 2:1084
Development of eye 1:818
choroidal fissure 1:10
development of the brain 1:8
formation of lens 1:9
formation of optic cup 1:10
formation of optic stalk 1:9
formation of optic vesicle 1:9
mesoderm 1:10
Development of lens 912
lens fibers 1:11
lens nuclei 1:12
lens sutures 1:12
lens vesicle 1:11
structure of 1:12
Development of the angle of the anterior chamber 1:1415
Development of the brain 1:8
Development of the conjunctival sac 1:1718
Development of the cornea 1:1213
Development of the extraocular muscles 1:1921
Development of the lacrimal gland 1:1718
Development of the lids 1:1718
Development of the nasolacrimal duct 1:18
Development of the optic nerve 1:1516
Development of the retina 1:15
Development of the sclera 1:13
Development of the uveal tract 1:1314
Development of the vitreous 1:1617
Development of the zonular fibres 1:12
Developmental arrest 1:112
Dexsol 2:1091
Diabetes mellitus 4:2560, 2581
diagnosis and classification 4:2560
guidelines for eye care 4:2577
Diabetic cataract 1:123124
Diabetic macular edema 4:2391, 2568
Diabetic retinopathy 1:180; 3:2252; 4:2561, 2581, 2595
classification 4:2563
diagnosis 4:2563
electroretinogram in 4:2569
fluorescein angiography in 4:2569
guidelines for eye care 4:2577
laser photocoagulation surgery 4:2570
management 4:2563, 2582
risk factors 4:2575
surgery for 4:25952600
vitrectomy 4:2573
Diencephalon 1:8
Diffraction of light 1:134135
Diffuse lamellar keratitis 2:12621271, 12721275
Digitally subtracted dacryocystography 2:704
Dimer 2:1193
4 dioptre base out prism test 1:464466, 501
Diplopia 1:433439, 442
congrous 1:434
croosed 1:434
incongrous 1:434
paradoxical 1:434
testing 1:435439
uncrossed 1:434
Directional preponderance 1:296297
Disinsertion 1:539
Disjunctive fixation anomalies of 1:471
convergence excess 1:472
convergence insufficiency 1:471
divergence excess 1:472
divergence insufficiency 1:472
Dislocated anterior chamber IOL, management 3:1956
Dislocated lens fragments 3:1949
associated with retinal breaks and detachments 3:1953
surgical techniques 3:1950
Dislocated lens material 3:1946
Dislocated posterior chamber IOL, management 3: 1956
Dissociated palsies 1:284287
Dissociated vertical deviations 1:484487
Dissociated vertical palsies 1:286
Distance vision aids 1:266
electronic aids 1:267
telescopes 1:266
telescopic system 1:266
Distichiasis 2:617619
Divergence excess 1:418419, 472
Divergence insufficiency 1:417418, 472
Divide and conquer phaco 3:1728
DLK 2:12621275
Doll’s head phenomenon 1:298
Dominant cystoid macular edema 4:2495
Donder’s law 1:409
Donder’s reduced eye 1:140
Donor cornea 2:1196
Dorsal nasal artery 1:30, 34
Double elevator palsy 1:478479
Double Maddox rod 1:511
Down up lasik 2:12071215
Down’s syndrome 3:1637
Drainage of subretinal fluid 4:2731
Drug delivery systems 3:2071, 20762086
local application 3:2071
systemic administration 3:2075
Drug permeability 2:947948
Drug permeability fluorescein 2:948
Dry eye 2:740747; 3:2211
Duane’s retraction syndrome 1:98, 473476; 4:2973
inversus 1:475
sine retraction 1:475
vertical 1:475
Duochrome test 1:155
Duplicity theory of vision 1:75
Dural-cavernous sinus fistula 4:2661
Dye disappearance test 2:703
Dyschromatopsia 1:89
E
Eales’ disease 4:2603, 2827
clinical picture 4:2605
management 4:2606
pathology 4:2604
Eccentric fixation 1:443444
Echinococcus granulosus 2:780
Eclipse 1:128129
Ectopia lentis 4:2954
Ectropion 2:597609
cicatricial 2:604605
congenital 2:600
involutional 2:600
lateral tarsal trip procedure 2:601604
mechanical 2:608609
medial spindle procedure 2:600
paralytical 2:605608
punctoplasty 2:600
Smith lazy-T procedure 2:601
Smith modification of the Kuhnt- Szymanowsky procedure 2:604
EDTA 2:1081
Edward’s syndrome 4:2886
Egg yolk lesion 4:2401
Eggs in a basket pattern 4:2697
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 4:2479, 2879, 2967
Eischnig’s pearls 3:1971
ELASHY 2:12271228
Electromyography 1:98
Electronic low vision aids 1:267268
Electronystagmography 1:9798
Electro-oculogram 1:9697; 4:2435
Electrophysiological tests 1:9198
early receptor potential 1:91
components 1:91
recording of 1:91
electro-oculogram components 1:96
origins 1:96
recording 1:97
electromyography 1:98
electronystagmography recording of 1:97
various testing procedures 1:97
electroretinogram 1:91
clinical significance 1:93
components 1:92
recording 1:92
types of ERG studies 1:93
visual evoked potential components 1:95
origin 1:95
recording of 1:95
Electroretinogram 1:9295; 4:2398, 2435
Elschnig spot 4:2556
Emission 2:11911193
End product replacement 1:115
Endocapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation 3:1692
advantages 3:1692
disadvantages 3:1692
surgical technique 3:1692
Endocapsular lensectomy 3:1857
Endophthalmitis 3:1554; 4:2721, 2783
clinical features 4:2783
diagnosis 4:2784
etiology 4:2783
intravitreal injections 4:2785
medical treatment 4:2785
vitrectomy 4:2785
Endothelial cells 4:2798
Endothelial injuries 2:912
Endothelitis 2:1040
Enhanced cone syndrome 4:2438
Entropion 2:610617
cicatricial 2:616617
cicatricial lid split procedure 2:617
cicatricial posterior lamellar graft 2:616617
cicatricial tarsal fracturing or tarsal hinge 2:616
cicatricial Wies procedure 2:616
congenital 2:611612
involutional 2:612616
spastic 2:617
Entropion surgery Allen’s modification of the Quickert operation 2:613
eyelid rotation sutures 2:612613
four-snip operation 2:613614
Quickert Rathburn sutures 2:612613
reinsertion of the retractors 2:614
Stasior modification of the Wheeler procedure 2:614
transverse lid split with everting sutures 2:613
Wies transverse tarsotomy 2:613
Enucleation 2:1121
Epicanthal folds 2:639
Epikeratophakia 2:11801190
Epimacular proliferation 4:2753
classification 4:2753
clinical features 4:2754
complications 4:2756
macular pseudohole 4:2754
management 4:2754
vitreous surgery 4:2754
Epiretinal membrane removal with blurhex, technique 4:2736
Episcleritis 2:929931
Epithelial basement membrane corneal dystrophy 2:10531055
Epithelial removal in PRK 2:1196
Epstein Barr virus 2:852; 3:2141
Erythema multiforme 2:872874
Erythema nodosum leprosum reaction 4:2834
Esodeviations 1:457466
classification 1:457
comitant esodeviations accommodative esotropia 1:457
nonaccommodative esotropia 1:460
incomitant esodeviation 1:466
microtropia 1:463
secondary esotropia 1:466
Esophoria 1:452453
Esotropia secondary 1:466
Ethmoidal canals 2:761
Ethylenediamine tetracetic acid 2:1081
Euriblepharon 2:640
Euthyroid Grave’s disease 2:800
Evaluation of the cosmetic patient 2:559564
Examination of a squint case 1:426440
cover test 1:429
diplopia 1:433
diplopia testing 1:435
dextrovertors 1:435
elevators 1:436
levovertors 1:435
head postures 1:428
Maddox wing test 1:432
methods of examination 1:426
ocular movements 1:427
synaptophore 1:431
visual acuity and refraction 1:427
Worth’s dot test 1:439
Excimer laser assisted sodium hyaluronate 2:12271228
Excimer laser: fundamental concepts 2:11911195
Excited dimer 2:1193
Exodeviations 1:467470
classification 1:467
etiology 1:467
forms 1:467
primary 1:468
secondary 1:470
Exophoria 1:453454
Exophthalmometry 2:773774
Exposure keratitis 2:642
External beam radiotherapy 4:2619
External carotid artery 1:2829
Extracapsular cataract extraction 3:1525, 1648, 1662, 1971, 2010, 2122
Extramembryonic mesoderm 1:56
Extraocular muscles 1:19, 21, 401408
development of 1:19
bilaminar germ disk 1:20
mesoderm 1:20
trilaminar germ disk 1:20
muscles 1:25, 401
actions of 1:404406
blood supply of 1:404
common tendinous ring 1:401
histology 1:406408
inferior oblique 1:403
nerve supply of 1:404
recti muscles 1:401
superior oblique 1:402
Eye 1:22
accessory structures of 1:24
anatomy of 1:22
blood supply 1:26, 27
interior of the eyeball 1:24
nerve supply 1:26
cavernous sinus 1:35
external carotid artery 1:28
Eye banking 2:11191123
F
Fabry’s disease 2:1086
Facelift 2:672676
Facial artery 1:29
Facial deformity syndromes 4:2887
Facial nerve and its lesions 1: 348350
course 1:348
nucleus 1:348
Faden’s operation 1:487, 539
Fanconi’s syndrome 2:1081
Far point 1:144
Farnsworth-Munsell tests 1:90
Fascia bulbi 2:762763
Favit technique 3:1965
Fenestrated sheen macular dystrophy 4:2443
Fermat’s principle 1:128
Ferry line 2:1083
Fine-needle aspiration biopsy 3:2025, 2031
Fish-strike sign 4:2492
Fixation axis 1:422
Flap securing 2:1215
Fleck corneal dystrophy 2:1066
Fleischer ring 2:1083, 1086
Fleur-de-lis 4:2617
Floppy eyelid syndrome 2:608609
Fluency 2:1194
Fluid-air exchange 4:2731, 2756
Fluorescein angiography 4:23142322, 2340, 2351, 2357, 2511
adverse reactions 4:2355
alterations 4:2335
anatomical and physiological basis 4:2351
anatomical and physiological considerations 4:2314
characteristics of sodium fluorescein dye 4:2353
checklist in the event of adverse reaction 4:2356
fundus camera: types, identification and maintenance 4:2341
indications and contraindications 4:2360
instrumentation 4:2340
limitations 4:2354
phases 4:2331, 2361
principle 4:2340, 2352
procedure 4:2325
quality determinants 4:2346
sequence of photographs 4:2360
side effects 4:2355
technique and procedures 4:2324, 2358
terminology 4:2357
Fluorescein angiography vs indocyanine green angiography 4:2354
Fluorescein angiography, anterior segment 4:2369
abnormality in iris fluorescence 4:2370
fundamentals of angiographic interpretation 4:2369
Fluorescein dye 4:2319, 2353
Fluorescein dye disappearance test 1:53
Fluorescence 4:2351
Fluorophotometry 2:975976
Flying corpuscle phenomenon 4:2381
Fogging 1:154155
Foldable intraocular lenses 3:1900
advantages 3:1901
disadvantages 3:1902
insertion of 3:1904
Foldable lens insertion technique 3:19071910
Foramen magnum 1:37
Forehead and brow rejuvenation 2:655671
Fossa glandulae lacrimalis 2:694
Foster Fuchs’ fleck 4:2488
Fovea centralis 1:24
Foveal reflex 4:2295
Foville’s syndrome 1:340, 342
Fresnel prisms 1:496497
Friend test 1:442
Frontal adversive attack 1:281283
Frontal lobe underactivity 1:281284
Frontal nerve 1:346
Frontalis muscle 2:552
Frontomesencephalic pathway 1:274
Frontosphenoidal suture 2:758
Frown incision 3:1699
Fuch’s corneal dystrophy 2:10711072
Fuch’s dimples 2:10831084
Fuchs’ adenoma 3:2045
Fuchs’ heterochromic iridocyclitis 3:1999
Fuchs’ spots 4:2476
Fuchs’ syndrome 4:2973
Functional defects of vision 4:2963
Fundus camera: types, identification and maintenance 4:2341
Fungal hematodes 4:2611
Fusion 1:411412
G
Galactokinase deficiency cataract 3:1633
Galand letter-box technique 3:1734
Gardner’s syndrome 2:634
Gaucher’s disease 4:2874
Gauss theorem 1:139140
Gelatinous drop like corneal dystrophy 2:10651066
Gene replacement 1:115
Genetic counseling 1:114
Genetics 1:99
general 1:105
genotype and phenotype 1:105
mendelian inheritance 1:105
non-mendelian inheritance 1:106
somatic mutations 1:107
molecular chromosomes 1:99
clinical examples 1:108
DNA 1:99
gene 1:100
mutations 1:101
principles 1:102
techniques 1:102
phenotype and genotype 1:107
Geniculate ganglionitis 1:349350
Genome human 1:99101
Genotype 1:105, 107108
Geographical ulcer 2:1039
Geometric axis 1:421
Ghost cell 3:1436
Giant cell arteritis 4:2854, 2862
Giant retinal tears 4:27432747, 2779
Glands of Moll 2:553
Glands of Zeiss 1:18; 2:553
Glare 2:1256
Glaucoma 4:2641, 2719
Glaucoma filtering surgery 3:1534
administration procedures 3:1537
antimetabolites 3:1535
complications 3:1538
healing modulators agents 3:1535
Glaucoma in the cataract patient management 3:1574
combined cataract trabeculectomy surgery 3:1574
endoscopic laser cycloablation 3:1581
filter management 3:1579
viscocanalostomy 3:1584
Glaucoma surgery 3:1527, 1541
complications of 3:1530, 1541
amputation of scleral flap 3:1541
conjunctival buttonhole 3:1541
damage to lens 3:1545
hemorrhage 3:1542
hyphema 3:1546
inflammation 3:1546
malignant glaucoma 3:1547
vitreous loss 3:1545
methods 3:1528
trabeculectomy 3:1527
Globe pulsation 2:773
Glucocorticoids 4:2853
Glucose metabolism 1:121122
Goldenhar’s syndrome 2:640; 4:2972
Goldman and Benedek’s theory 2:944
Goldmann 3 mirror lens 1:191192
Goldmann primetry 4:2397
Goldmann-Favre syndrome 4:2439, 2447
Goniopuncture 3:1518
Gonioscopy 3:1368
lenses 3:1370
pressure gonioscopy 3:1372
refraction 3:1368
Gout 4:2883
Gradenigo’s syndrome 1:342343
Gradient method 1:424
Granular corneal dystrophy 2:10571059
Granular lattice corneal dystrophy 2:1059
Granulocytes 4:2796
Graves ophthalmopathy 2:796808
classification 2:797
clincial presentation 2:797799
management 2:800806
Graves’ disease 4:2660
Gray scale 4:2654
Gronblad-Strandberg syndrome 4:2968
Gullstrand’s schematic eye 1:140
H
Haidinger’s brushes 4:2381
Hair follicles 2:553
Halos 2:1256
Hamartomas 3:1402
Hansatome 2:12071215
Hansen disease 4:2831
Harada-Ito procedure 1:540
Hassall-Henle bodies 2:1084
Hay fever conjunctivitis 3:2168
Head postures 1:428429
Helmholtz’s theory 1:6870; 2:1318
Hematocele 2:783
Hemianopia bitemporal 1:319
homonymous 1:320
Hemorrhagic choroidal detachment 3:1544
Henle’s fiber layer 4:2296
Hensen’s node 1:19
Hereditary optic neuritis 1:358359
Hering’s law 1:409410
Herpes simplex virus 2:853
Herpes zoster 2:10431046
of the lid 2:628629
ophthalmicus 3:2230
Hess charting 1:436439
Hessburg-Baron trephine 2:1181
Heterophoria 1:452456
etiology 1:452
investigations 1:454
symptoms 1:452
treatment 1:455
types 1:452
anisophoria 1:454
cyclophoria 1:454
esophoria 1:452
exophoria 1:453
hyperphoria and hypophoria 1:454
Heterophoria method 1:424
High myopia 4:2476
Hilton and Grizzard’s technique 4:2674
Hippus 1:308
Hirschberg’s corneal reflection test 1:429
Histocompatability matching 2:1114
Histoplasmosis 4:2854, 2857
HIV-related ocular disease, management 4:28212822
HIV-related retinopathy 3:2229
Ho:YAG laser 2:1332
Hodgkin’s disease 2:635
Holmgren’s wool test 1:85
Holmium bleb reformation 3:1579
Homogenity 2:1194
Hordoleum externum 2:625626
internum 2:627
Hormone replacement therapy 3:1590
Horner’s muscle 2:758
Horner’s syndrome 1:305308
Hruby’s lens 1:190191
Hudson-Stahli line 2:1083
Human contrast sensitivity function 1:179
clinical conditions affecting 1:180
clinical methods of measurement 1:180
Arden gratings 1:181
Cambridge low contrast gratings 1:181
Pelli Robson letter chart 1:181
vistech contrast test system 1:180
factors influencing 1:179
Hummelsheim’s operation 1:343
Humoral immunity 4:2802
Hunter’s syndrome 4:2870
Hurler’s syndrome 4:2869
Hutchinson pupil 1:305, 333
Hutchinson’s rule 1:346
Hutchinson-Tay choroiditis 4:2433
Hyalocyte 4:2304
Hydatid cyst 2:780
Hydrogel intraocular lenses 3:1888
Hydrogel lens 2:1130
Hydroxyamphetamine test 1:306308
Hydroxychloroquine 4:2853
Hylaine corneal degeneration 2:10821083
Hyoid mass 1:21
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy 3:1600; 4:2547
Hyperlipoproteinemia 4:2851
Hypermature senile cataract 3:1630
Hypermetropia 1:161164
accommodation 1:161
age variation 1:162
etiology 1:162
signs 1:163
symptoms 1:163
treatment 1:164
Hyperopic eyes 3:1804
Hyperphoria 1:453454
Hyperpolarization 1:81
Hypersecretion of tears physiological diagnostic test for 1:52
Hypertelorism 2:769770; 4:2960
Hyphema 2:912915
Hypolipoproteinemia 4:2852, 2872
Hypophoria 1:453455
Hyposecretion of tears 1:50
diagnostic tests for 1:51
I
ICL 2:1287
Idiopathic choroidal neovascularization 4:2481
Imbibition pressure 2:945
Immune system 4:2793
acquired immunity 4:2795, 2807
innate immunity 4:2793, 2807
Immunity of the eye 4:2809
Immunoglobulins 4:2803
Immunosuppression in corneal grafting 2:11121118
Indentation tonometry 3:1376
Indirect ophthalmology 1:195
characteristics 1:198
scleral depression 1:197
technique of 1:195
Indocyanine green angiography 4:2372, 2511
administration, binding and excretion 4:2372
adverse reactions 4:2373
interpretation 4:2374
photographic technique 4:2373
Indocyanine green dye 4:2373
Inferior oblique muscle 1:403404
Inferior oblique muscle surgery 1:539
Inferior ophthalmic vein 1:3435
Inferior orbital fissure 2:760
Inferior palpebral furrow 2:551
Inferior palpebral muscle 2:556
Inferior turbinate infracture 2:729
Infiltrative keratitis 1:212
Inflammatory and infectious complications after lasik 2:12721281
Inflammatory and rheumatological ocular disease 4:2858
Inflammatory disorders of muscles 4:2891
Ink-injection technique 4:2307
Innate immunity 4:2807
Interference fringes 1:160
Interferons 4:2801
Intermarginal sulcus of von Graefe 2:552
Intermediate cell mass 1:2021
Intermediate tissue of Kuhnt 1:324325
Intermittent tropia 1:455
Internal carotid artery 1:29
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia 1:284287
Intersecting incisions 2:11631164
Intracapsular cataract extraction 3:1646, 1661; 4:2496
Intracranial pressure 1:360361
Intraocular contact lens 2:1287
Intraocular endoscopic surgery 3:1925
Intraocular foreign bodies 1:95; 4:2658, 2669, 2762
localization 4:2762
radiological localization 4:2762
surgery 4:2763
type 4:2762
Intraocular lens implantation 3:1865, 1948
Intraocular lenses materials for 3:1880
polyhydroxy-ethylmethacrylate 3:1887
polymethylmethacrylate 3:1880
silicone 3:1883
Intraocular low vision aid 1:269270
Intraocular masquerade syndromes 3:2023
Intraocular pressure 3:1413, 1423, 1456, 1521, 1574
Intrastromal corneal ring segments 2:13101316
Intravitreal drug preparation 4:2787
Intubation dacryocystography 1:5354
IOL power calculation 3:1672, 1678
after keratomileusis 3:1678
aim of the study 3:1679
axial length measurement 3:1672
Binkhorst formula 3:1673, 1682
factors affecting accuracy of 3:1675
keratometric measurements 3:1672
Sanders-Retzlaff-Kraff formula 3:1674
theoretical formula 3:1673
Iridocorneal angle 3:1363
Iridocorneal endothelial syndrome 3:1409
clinicopathologic features 3:1410
differential diagnosis 3:1411
etiology 3:1410
management 3:1411
Iris 1:14
Iron ring 2:1083
Irregular astigmatism 2:12231230
Irvine-Gass syndrome 4:2496
Ischemic central retinal vein occlusion 4:2532
Ischemic optic neuropathy 1:377380
anterior ion 1:377
investigations and treatment 1:378
posterior ion 1:377
J
Jack in the box phenomenon 1:172173
Jackhammer effect 3:1722
Jackson’s cross cylinder 1:150153
checking the axis 1:152
checking the cylindrical power 1:151
explanation 1:151
Javal’s rule 1:177
Jensen’s operation 1:343, 541
Johnson’s syndrome 1:479
Jones fluorescein dye test 1:5253
Jones I test 2:703
Jones II test 2:703
Jugular foramen 1:37
Junctional scotoma 1:319320
Juvenile X-linked retinoschisis 4:2445
K
Kaposi’s sarcoma 3:2233; 4:2820
Karate chop technique 3:1523
Kasabach-Merritt syndrome 2:638
Kawasaki disease 3:2000
Kayser-Fleischer ring 3:1634
Kelman Christmas-tree technique 3:1734
Keloid formation in the cornea 2:1082
Keratitis bacterial 2:9911019
fungal 2:10321037
herpes simplex 2:10381042
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca 2:740
Keratoconus 2:10861087
Keratometry 2:949950
Keratomileusis 2:11711178
Keratophakia 2:11781179
Keratoprosthesis 2:11311135
coralline hydroxyapatite 2:11361140
Keratoscopy 2:950
Keravision ring 2:13101316
Kestenbaum’s newspaper method 1:291
Klippel-Feil syndrome 4:2968
Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome 3:1404
Knapp’s procedure 1:540541
Kodak Warteen Gelatin 1:94 1:495
Korescopy 1:141
Krimsky’s test 1:431, 508
Krukenberg’s spindle 3:1441
Krupin valves 3:1583
K-Sol 2:1090
L
Labrador keratopathy 2:1081
Lacrimal and conjunctival glands- development 1: 18
Lacrimal apparatus anatomy 2:694700, 705706, 733734
silicone intubation 2:729730
testing 2:703704
Lacrimal artery 1:30, 34
Lacrimal canaliculi anatomy 2:696
Lacrimal gland anatomy 2:694696
Lacrimal gland tumors 2:748755
adenoid cystic carcinoma 2:751752
benign mixed tumor 2:749750
dacryoadenitis 2:752753
dacryops 2:754
epithelial 2:749752
inflammatory masses 2:752753
lymphoid hyperplasia 2:753
lymphoidal tumors 2:753754
malignant mixed tumor 2:750751
mucoepidermoid carcinoma 2:752
nonepithelial 2:752754
pleomorphic adenoma 2:749750
primary ductal adenocarcinoma 2:752
pseudotumor 2:753
sarcoidosis 2:753
sebaceous carcinoma 2:752
Lacrimal irrigation 2:703
Lacrimal nerve 1:345346
Lacrimal passage anatomy 2:696697
Lacrimal pump 2:699700
failure 2:727
Lacrimal puncta anatomy 2:696
Lacrimal sac anatomy 2:696697
Lacrimal sac fossa 2:758
Lacrimal system: diagnosis and testing 2:698704
Lacrimal tubercle 2:758
Lacrimal vein 1:3435
Lambda sign 4:2857
Lamdba pattern 1:488
Lamellar grafts 2:10931103
Lamina cribrosa 1:22
Landolt’s ring test objects 1:159
Lantern test 1:90
Large tarsal ligament of Winslow 2:556
Laser blepharoplasty 2:677680
Laser delivery systems 4:2592
Laser glaucoma treatment 3:1508
after filtering surgery 3:1517
cyclocoagulation with yag and diode laser 3:1515
laser iridotomy 3:1509
laser peripheral iridoplasty 3:1514
laser trabeculoplasty 3:1512
sclerostomies 3:1519
Laser interferometer 4:2381
Laser media 2:1192
Laser photocoagulation 4:2647
Laser physics 4:2588
Laser pumps 2:1192
Laser resurfacing of the skin 2:563564, 677684
Laser thermokeratoplasty 2:13311337
Lasers in posterior segment 4:25882594
Laser-tissue interactions 4:2590
Lasik after penetrating keratoplasty 2:12311239
Lasik for hyperopic astigmatism 2:12161222
Lateral geniculate body-anatomy 1:311312
Lateral palpebral ligament 2:555556
Lateral plate mesenchyme 1:2021
Lattice corneal dystrophy 2:10601062
type I 2:10601061
type II 2:1061
type III 2:1061
type III A 2:10611062
Lattice degeneration 4:2667
Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome 4:2886, 2972
Law of inverse squares 1:127
Law of thickness 2:1171
Laws of ocular motility 1:409410
Donder’s law 1:409
Hering’s law 1:409
Listing’s law 1:409
Sherrington’s law 1:410
Laws of reflection 1:128
Laws of refraction 1:131
Layer of Chievitz 1:15
Layer of rods and cones 4:2292
Lead poisoning 1:358
Leber’s disease 1:358359
Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy 1:110
Leber’s optic atrophy 1:373
Left lens syndrome 1:227
Lens active transport processes 1:119
amino acids 1:119120
proteins 1:117118
Lens injury, blunt 2:918919
Lens quake phaco mechanism 3:1765
techniques 3:1765
Lens subluxation 3:1816
clinical manifestations 3:1818
etiology of 3:1816
homocystinuria 3:1817
Marfan’s syndrome 3:1817
pseudoexfoliation syndrome 3:1817
trauma 3:1816
phacoemulsification 3:1818
surgical techniques 3:1820
capsular ring implantation 3:1822
capsulorhexis 3:1821
hydrodissection-hydrodelineation 3:1822
intraocular lenses implantation 3:1825
nuclear phacoemulsification 3:1824
Lensometer 1:202204
components of 1:202
electronic lensometer 1:204
method of use 1:203
optical principle 1:202
Leprosy in eye 4:2831
care of the eyes and patients counseling 4:2835
lepromatous leprosy 4:2832
treatment 4:2834
tuberculoid leprosy 4:2833
Levator palpebrae superioris 2:553555
action 2:555
nerve supply 2:555
principal insertions 2:555
secondary insertions 2:555
Lid and conjunctiva-development 1:17
Lid aponeurosis of Arnold 2:556
Lid diseases 2:625643
Lid tumors 2: 630639
actinic keratosis 2:631
angiosarcoma 2:638
basal cell carcinoma 2:632
blue nevi 2:636
Bowen’s disease 2:631
capillary hemangioma 2:637
cavernous hemangiomas 2:638
compound nevus 2:635
dermal melanocytic tumors 2:636
diffuse neurofibroma 2:639
epidermal melanocytic tumors 2:636
epithelial cutaneous tumors 2:630634
epithelial glandular tumors 2:634
glomus tumor 2:638
intradermal nevus 2:635
intraepithelial epithelioma 2:631
inverted follicular keratosis 2:631
junctional nevus 2:635
keratoacanthoma 2: 631
lymphangioma 2:638
malignant epithelial tumors 2:632
malignant melanocytic tumors 2:636
meibomian cell carcinoma 2:634
melanocytic tumors 2:635637
mesenchymal tumors 2:635
metastatic tumors 2:639
molluscum fibrosum 2:639
nerve tissue tumors 2:638639
neurofibromatosis 2:638
nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome 2:633
nevus cell tumors 2:635
nevus flammeus 2:637
nevus of ota 2:636
oculodermal melanocytosis 2:636
plexiform neurofibroma 2:638
radiation dermatosis 2:631
sebaceous gland carcinoma 2:634
seborrheic keratosis 2:631
squamous cell carcinoma 2:633634
squamous cell papilloma 2:630631
tumors of lymphoreticular system 2:635
vascular tumors 2:637639
xeroderma pigmentosum 2:631632
Lids arterial supply 2:557
fibrous layer 2:555556
layer of nonstriated muscle fibers 2:556
lymphatic drainage 2:558
nerve supply 2:557
submuscular areolar tissue 2:555
surface anatomy 2:551
venous drainage 2:558
Light adaptation 1:8283
Light-bulb appearance 4:2628
Lighthouse test 1:257
Light-near dissociation 1:305
Limbal stem cell 2:897898, 901905
Limbal stem cell damage 1:212
care 1:216
patient and practice management 1:217
Limbal zone anatomy 2:942943
Lingual artery 1:28
Linkage 1:104
Lipemia retinalis 4:2851
Lipid corneal degeneration 2:1083
Lipoprotein abnormalities, types 4: 2850, 2872
Liposuction 2:562563
Listing’s eye 1:140
Listing’s law 1:409
Local anesthetics injectables 3:2177
topical 3:2181
Long posterior ciliary artery 1:3233
Lost muscle 1:541
Low vision aids 1:250270
intraocular low vision aid 1:269
tiflotechnological aids 1:268
Low vision examination 1:259263
Lowe’s syndrome 3:1634, 1863; 4:2886
LTK 2:13311337
Lucid interval of Vogt 2:1084
Lunar eclipse 1:128129
Lymphogranuloma venereum 2:860
Lymphoid cells 4:2797
Lysozyme assay 1:52; 2:744
M
Macroperforation 2:1148
Macular coloboma 4:2947
Macular corneal dystrophy 2:10621064
Macular dystrophies 4:23952448
clinical presentations 4:2396
diagnostic approach 4:2396
management 4:2399
Macular function tests 4:23802384
Macular hole 4:2485
differential diagnosis 4:2487
stages 4:2486
treatment 4:2489
Macular massage method 1:494
Maddox double prism 1:511
Maddox rod 1:432, 507508
Maddox wing 1:432
Magnetic resonance imaging 2:775
Major amblyoscope 1:431
Malar fold 2:551
Malignant glaucoma 3:1449
characteristics of 3:1451
clinical importance 3:1450
differential diagnosis 3:1451, 1452
management 3:1451
onset 3:1450
other clinical forms 3:1450
pars plana vitrectomy 3:1455
pathophysiology 3:1450
postoperative care 3:1455
Malignant melanoma 3:2023
Malignant melanoma of choroid 3:2050
ancillary tests 3:2051
clinical features 3:2050
diagnosis 3:2051
differential diagnosis 3:2054
management 3:2058
pathological features 3:2052
Malignant schwannoma 4:2636
Management of filtering blebs 3:1549
Management of mature cataracts 3:1798
Trypan Blue 3:1798
Mandibular mass 1:21
Maple syrup disease 4:2882
Mapping 1:104
Marble bone disease 4:2888
Marcus Gunn inversus 2:592
Marcus Gunn ptosis 2:591-592
Marcus Gunn’s phenomenon 4:2958
Marfan’s syndrome 1:264; 3:1817, 1949; 4:2878, 2965
Marginal myotomy 1:539
Marginal tarsal arcade 2:836
Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome 4:2871
Masquerade syndromes 3:1994
Maternally inherited diabetes 4:2422
Maurices theory 2:944
Maxillary artery 1:29
Mc Ardle’s disease 4:2422
MCD’margin crease distance 2:578
Medial palpebral ligament 2:555556
Meesmann’s corneal dystrophy 2:1053
Meibomian cyst 2:626
Meibomian gland 2:553
Melanin 2:1083
Mendelian inheritance 1:105106
Meniscus of Kuhnt 4:2294
Mesencephalon 1:8
Mesenchymal dysgenesis 2:10471052
Mesoderm 1:1011, 2021
Metabolic cataract 3:1633
Methods of power calculation 3:1810
Meyer’s loop 1:313
Microcornea 4:2942
Microkeratome ACS 2:12001202
Barraquer’s 2:1175
Micronystagmus 1:290
Microorganisms and ocular diseases 3:20902092
Microperforation 2:1148
Micropigmentation of the eyelids 2:642
Microscopic polyangiitis 4:2860
Microtropia 1:463466
Mikulicz’s syndrome 1:50; 4:2857
Milard-Gubler syndrome 1:340, 342
Miller syndrome 3:1401
Miner’s nystagmus 1:293
Mineral metabolic disorders 4:2882
Mittendorf’s dot 4:2303
MK medium 2:1090
Modification of phaco power intensity 3:1723
Modulation transfer function 2:1254
Molecular genetics 1:99105
Molluscum contagiosum 2:629
Monosomy 1:3, 113114
Mooren’s ulcer 2:1085
Morning glory syndrome 1:382; 4:2951
Morquio syndrome 4:2870
Morula 1:4
Mosaic shagreen of Vogt 2:1080
Mosaicism 1:112
Motheaten pattern 3:1445
Mucocele 2:782
Mucolipidoses 4:2871
Mucopolysaccharidoses 4:2869
Muller’s muscle 2:556
Multidrug therapy 4:2834
Multifocal choroiditis and subretinal fibrosis 4:2514
Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome 4:2512
Mumps 2:853
Munson’s sign 2:1086
Muscle spindle 1:406408
Muscle transposition 1:540541
Muscular dystrophy disorders 4:2889
Mustarde’s operation 2:640
Mutations 1:101102
Myasthenia gravis 4:2889
Mydriatic adrenergic agents 3:2197
cholinergic antagonist 3:2199
cycloplegic mydriatics 3:2199
Myectomy of the inferior oblique 1:485
Myelinated nerve fibres 1:384
Myope-advantages 1:166167
Myopia 1:165169; 4:2667, 2749
advantages of 1:166
classification 1:166
etiology 1:165
fundus changes 1:167
optics 1:166
signs 1:167
symptoms 1:166
treatment 1:169
Myopic crescent 1:167168
Myositis 4:2661
Myotonic disorders 4:2889, 2890
N
Nagel anomaloscope 1:89
Nasociliary nerve 1:346
Nasojugal furrow 2:551
Nasolacrimal duct anatomy 2:697
development 1:18
Nasolacrimal furrow 1:18
Nasolacrimal intubation 2:720722
Near vision aids 1:264266
Neostigmine/edrophonium/tensilon test 2:579
Neovascular proliferation 4:2566
Nerve fiber layer 4:2293
Nerve of Luschka 1:34
Neurilemmoma 2:794
Neuroectoderm 1:20
Neurofibroma 2:794
Neurofibromatosis 4:2634
Neurotrophic keratopathy 2:10301031
Neutral zone 1:290
Neutralization point 1:144
Nevus flammeus 4:2640
Nevus of Ota 3:2032; 4:2962
Niemann-Pick disease 4:2873
Night blindness 4:2396
No anesthesia cataract surgery 3:1742, 1773, 1778, 1781
capsulorhexis 3:1781
incision 3:1781
intracameral 3:1773
intraocular lens implantation 3:1784
karate chop technique 3:1743
phacoemulsification techniques 3:1783
specific precautions in 3:1784
topical 3:1773
Nonaccommodative esotropia 1:460463
Non-caseating granulomata 4:2853
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma 3:2025
Nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion 4:2532
Non-mendelian inheritance 1:106107
Non-optic reflex system 1:279280
disorders 1:287288
Non-pigment epithelium 3:1985
Nonprogressive cone dysfunction 4:2436
Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy 4:2565
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs 3:2119, 2174
Nonsurgical treatment of squint optical 1:492
orthoptics 1:492
pharmacological 1:492
Normal tension glaucoma 3:1413, 1422
clinical presentation 3:1424
disk hemorrhages 3:1425
IOP 3:1424
optic disk cupping 3:1425
optic disk size 3:1426
visual field 3:1424
genetic component 3:1422
management 3:1426
pathogenesis 3:1423
vascular factors 3:1423
Norrie’s disease 4:2951
North carolina dystrophy 4:2422
Nothnagel’s syndrome 1:333
Nuclear fascicular syndrome 1:336
Nuclear sclerosis 1:123
Nuclear third nerve paresis 1:332
Null zone 1:290
Nystagmus 1:289299
amaurotic 1:293
amblyopic 1:293
classification 1:290
central nystagmus 1:298
cerebellar nystagmus 1:298
deviational 1:290291
hysterical 1:298
idiopathic congenital 1:299
jerky 1:290
latent 1:294
Miner’s 1:293294
miscellaneous 1:298
ocular nystagmus 1:290
pendular 1: 290
postrotational 1:297298
rotational 1:297298
vestibular nystagmus 1:294298
voluntary 1:298
examination of 1:290
grades 1:290
symptoms 1:299
terminology 1:290
treatment 1:299
Nystagmus blockage syndrome 1:299
O
O’Brien’s method 3:1643
Oarlocking 3:1689
Oblate pattern 1:231
Occipital artery 1:29
Occlusion amblyopia 1:494
Occlusion-inverse 1:494
Ocular allergy 4:2814
atopic keratoconjunctivitis 4:2816
giant papillary conjunctivitis 4:2816
hypersensitivity reaction to drugs 4:2817
seasonal allergic conjunctivitis 4:2815
vernal keratoconjunctivitis 4:2815
Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid 2:874876
Ocular complications of antirheumatic drug therapy 4:2864
Ocular defense system 3:2067
Ocular disability in leprosy patients 4:2834
Ocular drug toxicity 3:2256
complications of contact lens solutions 3:2271
complications of steroids 3:2259
complications of topical antimicrobial agents 3:2257
complications of topical ocular anesthetic agents 3:2267
drug-induced ocular cicatrization 3:2273
toxicity of surgical solutions 3:2268
Ocular hypertension 3:1413
associations with 3:1416
prevalence 3:1414
problems associated with 3:1417
risk factors for 3:1416
Ocular lubricants 3:2207
ointments 3:2210
Ocular manifestation of hypertension 4:2549
hypertensive choroidopathy 4:2554
hypertensive optic disk edema 4:2557
hypertensive retinopathy 4:2551
Ocular manifestations of granulomatous and rheumatological disease 4:28532865
Ocular manifestations of inborn metabolic disorders 4:28692884
Ocular manifestations of musculoskeletal disorders 4:28852893
Ocular movements 1:427428
Ocular nystagmus 1:290294
Ocular surface disease 2:896908
Ocular therapeutics in refractive surgery 2:13481355
Ocular tuberculosis 4:2824
diagnosis 4:2828
intraocular disease 4:2826
manifestation 4:2825
treatment 4:2828
Oculogyric crisis 1:283284
Oculomotor nerve 1:327332
blood supply 1:331
cavernous sinus 1:328
ciliary ganglion 1:330
course in superior orbital fissure 1:328
course in the orbit 1:329
exit from the brain 1:328
lesions 1:332324
cavernous sinus syndrome 1:334
management 1:334
nuclear third nerve paresis 1:332
orbital syndrome 1:334
posterior communicating artery aneurysm 1:333
pupil-sparing third nerve palsy 1:334
third nerve fascicle syndromes 1:332
uncal herniation syndrome 1:333
nucleus 1:327328
Oil droplet appearance 4:2876
One and one half syndrome 1:285287
Open-angle glaucoma 3:1875, 2219
Operating room sterilization 4:29222926
Ophthalmia neonatorum 2:879881
Ophthalmic artery 1:3034
Ophthalmic artery occlusion 4:2547
Ophthalmic drugs with common dosages 3:2276
antiallergy therapy 3:2281
antibiotic therapy 3:2276
anticataract therapy 3:2285
antifungal therapy 3:2279
antiglaucoma therapy 3:2280
artificial tears and lubricants 3:2283
contact lens care products 3:2286
medical therapy for ARMD 3:2285
mydriatics and cycloplegics 3:2283
ophthalmic dyes 3:2286
topical anti-inflammatory therapy 3:2277
topical immune therapy 3:2284
viscoelastic substances 3:2284
Ophthalmic dyes 3:2203
fluorescein sodium 3:2203
fluorexon 3:2205
lissamine green 3:2205
rose bengal 3:2205
Ophthalmic genetics 1:99116
Ophthalmic prisms 1:496526
Ophthalmoscopy 1:195201
Opportunistic infections of the eye 3:2229
Optic atrophy 1:368376
ascending 1:368
cavernous 1:369
classification 1: 368
clinical picture 1: 374
consecutive 1:370
descending 1:369
differential diagnosis 1: 375
glaucomatous 1:371372
investigations 1:375376
primary 1:369370
Schnable’s 1:369
secondary 1:370371
treatment 1:376
Optic axis 1:421
Optic chiasma 1:309311
variations 1:310
Optic cup 1:10
Optic disk drusen 1:383
Optic disk pit 1:382383
Optic disk pit associated maculopathy 4:2522
clinical features 4:2522
potential therapy 4:2523
stereoscopic fundus findings 4:2522
visual field examination 4:2523
Optic foramen 2:760
Optic nerve 1:15, 323326
anatomy 1:323326
blood supply 1:325
course intracanalicular portion 1:323
intracranial portion 1:323
intraocular portion 1:323
intraorbital portion 1:323
development of 1:15
relations 1:323
Optic nerve gliomas 1:385391; 2:791
Optic nerve hypoplasia 1:382
Optic nerve meningiomas 1:392396
Optic nerve sheath meningioma 2:791
Optic nerve tumors 1:385398
Optic neuritis 1:351359
classification papillitis 1:352
retrobulbar neuritis 1:354
etiology 1:351
hereditary 1:358
Optic nerve tumors primary 2:791792
Optic radiations 1:312313
Optic tract 1:311
Optic vesicle-optic stalk 1:9
Optical coherence tomography in macular surgery 4:23852394
diabetic macular edema 4:2391
macular holes 4:2389
Optical defects of images 1:134
Optical treatment of squint 1:492
Optisol 2:1091
Optokinetic nystagmus 1:98, 291293
drum 1:291
inverse 1:293
Ora serrata 3:1983
Oral fluorescein angiography 4:2367
Oral glucose tolerance test 4:2561
Orbicularis muscle 2:553554
action 2:554
muscle of Horner 2:554
nerve supply 2:554
pars ciliaris 2:553554
pars lacrimalis 2:553554
pars orbitalis 2:553554
pars palpebralis 2:553554
pars septalis 2:553554
pars subtarsalis 2:553554
pars tarsalis 2:553554
posterior lacrimal muscle 2:553554
tensor tarsi 2:553554
Orbital anatomy 2:756761
Orbital apertures 2:764
Orbital ascomycosis 2:780
Orbital capillary hemangioma 2:783784, 787
Orbital cavernous hemangioma 2:784785, 787
Orbital cellulitis 4:2660
Orbital cystic lesions 2:781
Orbital decompression 2:829
Orbital disease clinical evaluation 2:771775
painful 2:771
Orbital fascia 2:762763
Orbital fat 2:764
Orbital floor 2:758759
Orbital fractures 2:809821
Orbital infections 2:775780
Orbital inflammatory conditions 2:782
Orbital irradiation 2:803
Orbital lateral wall 2:759760
Orbital lesions and tumors 2:771795
Orbital lymphangioma 2:785, 787
Orbital malignancies 2:786795
Orbital margins 2:756758
Orbital medial wall 2:758
Orbital metastatic tumors 2:788791
Orbital pain 2:772
Orbital periosteum 2:761
Orbital phycomycosis 2:779
Orbital roof 2:758
Orbital septum 2:556
Orbital spaces 2:763764
Orbital surgery, complications 2:830
Orbital syndrome 1:333334, 336, 342343
Orbital trauma 4:2662
Orbital tumors 4:2660
Orbital tumors, secondary 2:792
Orbital varix 2:785, 787
Orbital vascular lesions 2:783786
Orbitotomies 2:822830
Orbitotomy anterior 2:826827
lateral 2:823826
transconjunctival 2:827828
transfrontal 2:828829
Organizers primary 1:19
secondary 1:20
Organs of the immune system 4:2798
Orthoptics 1:492495
Oscillatory illimination 1:189
Oscillopsia 1:289
Osteopetrosis 4:2888
Outshortening theory 2:1311
Ovum 1:3
bilaminar germ disk 1:5
chorion and amnion 1:6
cleavage 1:3
extraembryonic mesoderm 1:5
fertilized 1:3
morula 1:4
primitive streak 1:7
prochordal plate 1:6
trilaminar germ disk 1:7
two-cell stage 1:3
zona pellucida 1:4
Oxycephaly 2:767768
P
Pachman phenomenon 3:1977
Pachymetry 2:975, 980985
Paget’s disease 4:2887
Palpebral fascia of Schwalbe 2:556
Panda sign 4:2857
Panfunduscope of Rodenstock 1:193
Papilledema 1:354, 360367
clinical stages of 1:361364
differential diagnosis 1:365
intracranial pressure 1:360
pathogenesis of 1:361
pseudotumor cerebri 1:366
treatment 1:367
vintage 1:362363
work-up of a patient with 1:365
Papillitis 1:352354, 366
Papillophlebitis 4:2533
Papova group 2:629
Paradoxical fixation 1:444
Paradoxical pupillary reaction 1:308
Paralysis of convergence 1:287
Paralysis of divergence 1:287
Parametric descriptors of corneal topography 1:238
Paranasal sinus tumors 2:792
Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes 3:2060
acquired cone dysfunction 3:2063
bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation syndrome 3:2063
carcinoma-associated retinopathy (CAR) 3:2060
central retinal artery occlusion 3:2063
melanoma-associated retinopathy 3:2062
ophthalmoplegia 3:2064
optic neuritis 3:2063
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada like syndrome 3:2064
Paraxial mesenchyme 1:1921
Paretic vertical deviations 1:481484
Parietal lobe lesion 1:293
Parinaud’s syndrome 1:284
Parrot head disease 2:769
Parry-Romberg syndrome 2:1081
Pars plana vitrectomy 3:1547, 1950; 4:2313, 2524
Pattern epithelial dystrophies 4:2416
Pediatric cataract surgery 3:1861
correction of pediatric aphakia 3:1864
management 3:1861
ocular examination 3:1863
postoperative complications 3:1871
techniques, complications 3:1861, 1867
Pelli Robson letter chart 1:181
Pellucid marginal corneal degeneration 2:1084
Penalization 1:450451
Penetrating keratoplasty 2:11041111
Penumbra 1:128129
Perfluorocarbon liquids 4:2734, 2743, 2746, 2760, 27752782
Perimysium 1:406408
Perioperative complications 3:1937
Peripheral corneal degenerations 2:10831086
Peripheral neovascularization 1:212
Peripheral nerve sheath tumors 2:794
Peripheral orbital space 2:763
Peripheral retina in LASIK 4:27492752
Peripheral tarsal arcade 2:836
Peripheral ulcerative keratitis 4:2860
Perversion quotient 1:444
Peters’ anomaly 2:10471049; 3:1402
Petrous Apex syndrome 1:342343
Phaco chop 3:1729, 1748
Phaco flip 3:1754
Phaco hemiflip 3:1753
Phaco technique and machine technology 3:1728
Phacoemulsification 3:1566, 1650, 1783, 1786, 1929
and IOL implantation in vitrectomized eyes 3:1920
and the diseased cornea 2:11241130
anterior segment complications 3:1929
in a narrow pupil 3:1786
Phacogenic uveitis 1:118
Phakic intraocular lens implants 2:12821302
Phakic refractive lens 2:12931302
Phakomatoses 4:26312642
Phakonit 3:1652, 1773, 1781, 1833, 1837
cataract removal through a 0.9 mm incision 3:1829
in clear lens extraction 3:1833
Pharmacological treatment of squint 1:492
Pharyngoconjunctival fever 2:851
Phenotype 1:105,107108
Phenylephrine test 1:306308; 2:579
PHMB drops 2:1024
Photochemistry of color vision by the cones 1:83
applied physiology color blindness 1:84
tests for color blindness 1:85
color sensations by the retina and the brain 1:84
spectral sensitivities of the three types of cones 1:83
tricolor theory 1:83
Photochemistry of vision 1:7585
photoreceptors 1:75
visual pigments rhodopsin and cone pigments 1:76
vitamin A 1:77
Photocoagulation therapy 4:2620
Photodynamic therapy 4:2477
Photopic vision 1:8283
Photoreceptors-photochemistry 1:7576
Photorefractive keratectomy 2:11961198
Photostress test 4:2384
Phototherapeutic keratectomy 2:13381347
Phthiriasis palpebrarum 2:628
Physiology of accommodation 1:6674
Picornavirus 2:854
Piggyback carriers 1:211
Piggyback fits 1:230
Piggyback IOLs 3:1913
Pigment dispersion syndrome clinical features 3:1440
ocular examination 3:1442
Pigmentary corneal degenerations 2:1083
Pigmentary dispersion syndrome 4:2336
Pigmentary glaucoma 3:1442
differential diagnosis 3:1443
management 3:1443
mechanism of 3:1442
Pigmentary peripheral corneal degenerations 2:1086
Pin-hole aperture test 4:2381
Pityrosporum ovale 2:627
Plagiocephaly 2:767, 769
Plastic surgery and laser treatment 4:29742997
aging of the face 4:2975
complications 4:2995
full face by CO2 laser 4:2986
laser-assisted lower eyelid blepharoplasty 4:2982
laser-assisted upper lid blepharoplasty 4:2979
lasers used for cosmetic treatment 4:2975
preoperative and postoperative treatment 4:2994
technique and laser setting 4:2986
Platelet-derived growth factor 4:2797
Platycephaly 2:769
Platysmal bands 2:693
Pleoptophore of Bangerter 1:495
Pleuripotent cells 1:20
Plica semilunaris 2:837
PMMA rehabilitation 1:219
calculations 1:222
designs 1:220
fitting keratoconus 1:228
fitting penetrating keratoplasty 1:230
fitting postrefractive surgery 1:233
fitting toric corneas 1:227
fluorescein patterns 1:223
for presbyopia 1:225
materials 1:220
reverse geometry lenses 1:234
troubleshooting 1:222
Pneumatic retinopexy 4:2674
intraoperative complications 4:2675
postoperative complications 4:2676
postoperative management 4:2675
techniques 4:2674
Pneumatic rings 2:1173
Polyarteritis nodosa/MPA 4:2854, 2860, 2893
Polycoria 1:300, 308
Polyenes 2:1035; 3:2160
Polymerase chain reaction 1:103104
Polymerase chain reaction technique 3:1410; 4:2612
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes 4:2796
Population inversion 2:1193
Port wine stain 4:2640
Position maintenance system 1:280
Positional candidate gene approach 1:105
Post calcarine fissure 1:313
Posterior amorphous corneal dystrophy 2:10681069
Posterior auricular artery 1:29
Posterior capsular opacification 3:1971
Posterior central artery of Kuhnt 1:3031
Posterior chamber phakic IOL’s 2:12861289
Posterior ciliary artery 1:3132
Posterior ciliary vein 1:3435
Posterior communicating aneurysm 1:333
Posterior ethmoidal artery 1:30, 34
Posterior ethmoidal vein 1:3435
Posterior fixation suture 1:487
Posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy 2:10701071
Potential acuity meter 4:2382
Pre-Descemet’s corneal dystrophy 2:1068
Premandibular mass 1:21
Preparation of fresh unfixed specimens 4:2299
Presbyopia 1:6674
Presbyopia surgery 2:13171330
Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome 4:2477, 2858
Primary inferior oblique overaction 1: 484485
Primary open-angle glaucoma 3:1456
approach to the management 3:1459
adrenergic agonists 3:1464
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors 3:1469
drug combinations in 3:1474
intraocular pressure control 3:1459
medical therapy for 3:1460
modern concepts in neuroprotection 3:1459
parasympathomimetics 3:1466
pharmacological agents 3:1461, 1462
prostaglandin analogs 3:1471
optic disk changes 3:1457
risk factors 3:1456
Primitive streak 1:7, 19
Prism adaptation test 1:512
Prism bar cover test 1:430431, 504507
Prism erector system 1:186
Prism reflex test 1:499500
Prisms and orthoptics 1:496
assessment of torsion 1:511
correction of deviations 1:511
investigation 1:497
management 1:515
measuring the angle of deviation 1:504
advantages and disadvantages 1:505
Krimsky test 1:508
Maddox rod 1:507
prism cover test 1:504
simultaneous prism cover test 1:507
uses in investigation and management 1:519
Prisms-vergence 1:498499
PRK 2:11961198
Probing 2:704, 720
Procencephalon 1:8
Prochordal plate 1:67
Progressive hyperopia 2:11491150
Progressive prism compensation test 1:512513
Progressive supranuclear palsy 1:284
Prolate pattern 1:231
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy 4:2566, 2781
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy 4:2724, 2780
anterior loop traction 4:2728
classification 4:2725
scleral buckling 4:2728
vitrectomy 4:2728
Propagation of light 1:127
Propionibacterium acnes 4:2784
Pseudocysts 2:1054
Pseudoexfoliation syndrome 3:1444, 1817
capsular delamination 3:1444
clinical features 3:1445
differential diagnosis 3:1447
exfoliation syndrome 3:1444
management of 3:1447
pathogenesis of 3:1446
Pseudoglioma (Leukokoria) 4:2312
Pseudo-Graefe’s sign 1:481
Pseudohole 4:2488
Pseudo-hypopyon 4:2614
Pseudoisochromatic plates 1:89
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2:9991001
Pseudoneuritis 1:163
Pseudo-ophthalmoplegia 1:281
Pseudopapillitis 1:163
Pseudoperculum 4:2486
Pseudoproptosis 2:768
Pseudotumor 4:2660
Pseudotumor cerebri 1:366367
Pseudotumor orbital 2:780781
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum 4:2422
Psychosensory reflex 1:303
Pterygium 2:862869
laser therapy 2:869
radiation therapy 2:868
recurrent 2:866
thiotepa 2:868
Pterygium excision Arlt’s technique 2:866
Arruga’s technique 2:866
Pterygium transplantation 2:865
Knapp’s procedure 2:865
McReynold’s method 2:865
Meher’s method 2:865
PTK 2:13381347
Ptosis 2:565575
aponeurotic 2:568
classification 2:568
congenital 2:576596
mechanical 2:568
myogenic 2:568
neurogenic 2:568
Ptosis surgery aponeurotic advancement 2:570571
brow elevation 2:573
brow sling 2:572573
brow suspension repair 2:585589
complications 2:573575
Crawford technique 2:572
Fasanella-Servat surgery 2:580581
levator resection 2:581585
orbital volume augmentation 2:573
seventh nerve weakening 2:573
strabismus surgery 2:573
tarsal resection 2:571
Punctal ectropion 2:728
Punctal plugs 2:746747
Punctal stenosis 2:727
Punctate inner chorioretinopathy 4:2515
Pupil 1:300308
abnormalities 1:308
Adie’s 1:303, 305
amaurotic 1:303
Argyll Robertson 1:303305
Hutchinson’s 1:305, 333
irregularity 1:308
lesions 1:303
Marcus Gunn pupil 1:303304
pathways 1:300
accommodation reflex pathway 1:302
convergence near reflex pathway 1:301
pharmacology of dilated pupil 1:307
parasympathetic system 1:307
sympathetic system 1:307
pseudoargyll Robertson 1:305
sparing isolated third nerve paresis 1:333334
tonic 1:303, 305
Wernicke’s hemianopic 1:303304
Pupil cycle time 1:303
Pupil dilators 3:1789
Pupil size in refractive surgery 2:12561261
Pupillary dilatation pathway 1:303303
Pupillary leakage 4:2371
Pupillary pathways 1:300303
Pupilloconstrictor reflex pathway 1:300301
Pupilloscopy 1:141
Purkinje effect 1:88
Purkinje vascular image phenomenon 4:2381
Pursuit disorders 1:287
Pursuit system 1:275277
Putterman’s method 2:577
Pyramidalis muscle 2:552
Pyrimidines 2:1035
PZX6 gene in aniridia 1:112
Q
Quadrantic field defects 1:319
R
Radial keratoneuritis 2:1021
Radial keratotomy 2:11431151
Radiofrequency keratoplasty 2:1356
Radionuclide testing 1:54
Radioscope 2:1176
Railroad track appearance 4:2642
Raymond’s syndrome 1:340, 342
Reader’s syndrome 1:306307
Receptor potential 1:81, 91
Recession of the inferior oblique 1:485
Recession of the muscle 1:537
Recklinghausen’s disease 3:1403
Recommended doses of intravitreal antimicrobial agents 3:2109
Recti muscles 1:401403
Rectilinear propogation of light 1:127128
Recurrent ciliary artery 1:3233
Recurrent corneal erosion 2:910911, 1339
Red filter treatment 1:493495
Reduced eye 1:140
Reflecting retinoscope of Priestley Smith 1:147
Reflection of light 1:128
by a concave mirror 1:130
by a convex mirror 1:130
by a plane mirror 1:128
laws of 1:128
Refraction by combination of lenses 1:138
Refraction of light 1:131156
by a concave lens 1:134
by a convex lens 1:133
critical angle 1:131
laws of 1:131
of eccentric rays 1:137
subjective tests 1:154
astigmatic fan 1:155
cobalt blue test of Landolt 1:156
cyclodamia 1:156
duochrome test 1:155
fogging 1:154
sensitometric refraction 1:154
trial set 1:154
through a prism 1:132
Refractive accommodative esotropia corrected with lasik 1:544548
Refractive cataract surgery biometry 3:1911
control of astigmatism 3:1914
multifocal IOLs 3:1913
piggyback IOLs 3:1913
Refractive index 4:2776
Refractive keratoplasty 2:1171
Refractive surgery in contact lens wearers 1:237
Regeneration cycle 1:7080
Reis-Bucklers’ corneal dystrophy 2:1056
Reiter’s syndrome 3:1997
Relaxing incisions 2:1160
Repair of retinal detachment 4:26912714
anesthesia 4:2693
drainage techniques 4:2708
modalities to induce retinal adhesions 4:2696
opening steps 4:2694
postoperative management 4:2711
preoperative examination 4:2692
principles of scleral buckling 4:2691
scleral buckling techniques 4:2698
supplemental techniques 4:2711
Resection of the muscle 1:538
Retina 4:2291, 2298
anatomy 4:2291
blood supply 4:2298
layers 4:2291
macula 4:2294
optic disk 4:2294
retinal thickness 4:2291
Retina-development 1:1516
Retinal 1:7782
Retinal arterial occlusions 4:25412547
Retinal break 4:2665, 2677, 2692
Retinal detachment 4:2489, 2629, 2656, 2664, 2672, 26772684
exudative retinal detachment 4:2671
pathogenesis 4:2672
predisposing factors 4:2670
rhegmatogenous retinal detachment 4:2665
tractional retinal detachments 4:2670
Retinal hemorrhages 4:2772
Retinal holes 4:26772684
Retinal phlebitis 4:2607
Retinal pigment epithelial detachment 4:2466
Retinal pigment epithelial tears 4:2526
associated with other disorders 4:2528
clinical features 4:2526
Retinal pigment epithelium 4:2291
Retinal telangiectasia 4:2616
Retinal tuberculosis 4:2827
Retinal vascular supply 4:2316
Retinal vein occlusions 4:25312539
Retinoblastoma 3:2026; 4:26112624, 2659
clinical features 4:2612
differential diagnosis 4:2614
laboratory investigations 4:2615
therapy 4:2618
visual prognosis 4:2623
Retinopathy of prematurity 4:2645
classification 4:2645
cryotherapy for 4:2646
laser photocoagulation 4:2647
LIGHT-ROP 4:2650
STOP-ROP 4:2650
treatment 4:2648
Retinopexy 4:2685
chemical cauterization of the choroid 4:2687
cryoapplication 4:2686
cyanoacrylate retinopexy 4:2688
diathermy 4:2685
electrolysis 4:2688
photocoagulation 4:2687
pneumatic retinopexy 4:2689
retinal suturing 4:2689
retinal tacks 4:2689
silicone oil 4:2690
thermocautery 4:2687
Retinoschisis 4:2291
Retinoscopy 1:141149
cycloplegia 1:148149
difficulties in 1:147148
neutralization point 1:144
stages 1:146147
streakretinoscopy 1:147
test 1:141
Retractory nystagmus 1:284
Retrobulbar neuritis 1:354358
Retroequatorial myopexy 1:487
Retroillumination 1:188
Reverse geometry lenses 1:234235
Reverse transcription 1:103
Rhabdomyosarcoma 2:786788
Rheumatoid arthritis 4:2854, 2859
Rhexis 3:1743
Rhodopsin 1:7682
Rhombencephalon 1:8
Rhytidectomy 2:672676
Riddoch phenomenon 1:322
Rides genitales of mantegazza 2:551
Rieger’s anomaly 3:1397; 4:2944
Rigid gas permeable contact lenses 1:219236
designs 1:220222
fluorescein patterns 1:223234
for keratoconus 1:228230
for penetrating keratoplasty 1:230233
for postrefractive surgery 1:233234
for presbyopia 1:225227
for toric corneas 1:227228
materials 1:220
Riley-Day syndrome 4:2959
Ring infiltrate 2:1021
Ring scotoma 1:172173
Ronne’s nasal step 1:318
Rose bengal staining 1:51; 2:744
Rosette formation 4:2617
Rothmund’s syndrome 4:2969
Rothmund-Thomson syndrome 2:1081
Rubella 2:854
Rubella syndrome 4:2972
Rubeola 2:853
S
Saccadic disorders 1:281287
Saccadic system 1:274275
Salicylate poisoning 1:358
Salzmann’s nodular corneal degeneration 2:10821083
Sanders-Retzlaff-Kraff formula 3:1674, 1811
Sandhoff’s disease 4:2874
Sands of Sahara syndrome 2:12621275
Sandwich technique 3:1718
Sanfilippo’s syndrome 4:2870
Sarcoidosis 4:2854
Scaphocephaly 2:769, 767
Schachar’s theory 1:70; 2:1319
Schagel’s lens 1:193
Scheie’s syndrome 4:2870
Schematic eye 1:138140
Donder’s reduced eye 1:140
Gauss’s theorem 1:139
Gullstrand’s schematic eye 1:140
Listing’s eye 1:140
refraction by combination of lenses 1:138
Schiotz tonometry 3:1374
Schirmer’s test 1:51; 2:704, 743744
Schlemm’s canal 1:14; 3:1557
Schnyder’s corneal dystrophy 2:10641065
Schwannoma 2:794
Scintillography 1:54
Scissor shadows 1:148
Scissors reflex 2:1086
Sclera-development 1:13; 4:2319
Scleral anatomy 2:943
Scleral buckling 4:2698, 2765, 2717
intraoperative complication 4:2717
postoperative complications 4:2718
procedures 4:2717
techniques 4:2698
Scleral depression 1:197198
Scleral expansion bands 2:13171330
Scleritis 2:931935
anterior 2:932
nodular 2:933
posterior 2:933
Scleroderma 4:2893
Scleromalacia perforans 2:933
Sclerotic scatter 1:188189
Scotopic vision 1:8283
Secondary optic nerve tumors 1:396397
Segmentation 4:2730
Seidel test 3:1551
Semiradial incisions 2:11571159
Senile cataract 3:2247
medical therapy for 3:2248
risk factors 3:2247
Senile macular degeneration 4:2465
Sensitometric refraction 1:154
Septum orbitale of Henle 2:556
Serpiginous choroidopathy 4:2515
Serratia marcescens 2:10011002
Shadow test 1:141
Shadows 1:128129
Shaken baby syndrome 4:2769
characteristics and course 4:2770
differential diagnosis 4:2771
etiology and pathogenesis 4:2769
treatment 4:2772
Sherrington’s law 1:410
Short ciliary nerve 1:331
Sicca symptoms 4:2859
Sigmoid sinus 1:37
Silicone oil in complex vitreoretinal surgery 4:2739
complications of 4:2740
indications for use 4:2739
intraoperative use of 4:2740
Silicone oil injection 4:2733
Silver wire 4:2554
Simple microscope 1:186
Sine condition 1:137
Sjögren reticular dystrophy 4:2420
Sjögren’s syndrome 2:740; 4:2854, 2859, 2969
Skiascopy 1:141
Sleeve-incision relationship 3:1726
Slit lamp basics 1:186189
examination of the fundus 1:190194
examination techniques 1:187189
instrument 1:187
optics 1:186
Sly’s syndrome 4:2871
Small incision manual technique 3:1699
anterior capsulotomy 3:1704
caveats 3:1714
cortex aspiration 3:1712
incision 3:1699
nucleus delivery 3:1704
small pupils 3:1702
SMAS incision 2:675
Smith-Limli-Opitz syndrome 3:1597
Smoking and the risk of cataract 3:1592
Snap back test 2:701702
Snellen visual acuity test 1:178
Snellen’s chart 1:158159
Snell-Sterling formula 1:159160
Snow flake cataract 3:1595
Soft acrylic IOLs 3:1890
Soft contact lens 1:205
astigmatic lenses 1:208
complications 1:212216
correction of presbyopia 1:209
materials and design 1:205
replacement frequency 1:206
spherical soft lenses 1:207
Soft contact lens fitting 1:205218
Soft contact lenses care 1:216
Soft lens-induced corneal changes 1:238
Solar eclipse 1:128129
Somatic efferent column 1:21
Somatic mutations 1:107
Sorsby’s pseudoinflammatory macular dystrophy 4:2427
Spasmus nutans 1:293
Specific immunity 4:2807
Specular microscopy 2:967969, 972975
Specular reflcetion 1:188
Sphenoparietal sinus 1:37
Spherical aberration 1:136
Spherical soft lenses 1:207208
Spheroidal corneal degeneration 2:10851086
Sphincter tears 2:916
Sphingolipidoses 4:2873
Spina recti lateralis 2:759
Spirochetes 2:1004
Spontaneous emission 2:1191
Square incisional geometry 3:1688
Staphylococcus aureus 2:995999
Stargardt’s disease 4:2397, 2406, 2483
Stargardt’s disease and fundus flavimaculatus 4:2406
Stereopsis 1:415416, 440
Sterilization 4:28972921
areas of sterilization 4:2899
culture rate 4:2918
sterilizers 4:2912
Sterilization and disinfection methods 4:29282933
Sterilization control 4:2919
Steve Charles technique 4:2675
Stevens-Johnson syndrome 2:741, 872; 3:2257
Stilling and Ishihara test charts 1:85
Stimulated emission 2:1091
Stocker-Busacca line 2:1083
Stoke’s law 4:2351
Stop and chop phaco 3:1729
STOP-ROP study 4:2650
Strabismus 1:441, 473, 515, 527
adaptations 1:441
Brown’s syndrome 1:476
correction with botulinum toxin 1:527
adult esotropia 1:531
esotropia 1:529
exotropia 1:532
infantile essential esotropia 1:530
initial indications in strabismus surgery 1:528
oculomotor nerve palsies 1:532
double elevator palsy 1:478
Duane’s retraction syndrome 1:473
Johnson’s syndrome 1:479
signs 1:441
strabismus fixus 1:479
symptoms 1:441
Strabismus sursoadductorius 1:484485
Straight keratotomy 2:11541157
Streak retinoscopy 1:147148
Streptococcus pneumoniae 2:1001
Streptomyces caespitosus 3:1535
Stress test 2:969
Striae of Gennari 1:313
Striate melanokeratosis 2:1086
Stromal swelling pressure 2:945
Sturge-Weber syndrome 3:1403; 4:2640, 2971
Sturm’s conoid 1:134
Stye 2:625626
Subarachnoid space syndrome 1:336, 342343
Subdural hemorrhage 4:2771
Subjective tests for refraction 1:154156
Subnormal vision etiologies 1:255
examination 1:257
prognosis factors 1:256
refractive tests 1:263
Subperiosteal space 2:763
Suction ring 2:1199
Sunflower cataract 4:2882
Superficial middle cerebral vein 1:37
Superficial punctate keratitis 1:212
Superficial temporal artery 1:29
Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis 2:869871
Superior oblique muscle 1:339, 402403
Superior oblique muscle surgery 1:539540
Superior oblique palsy 1:339, 483484
Superior ophthalmic vein 1:3435
Superior orbital fissure 1:328329
Superior palpebral furrow 2:551
Superior palpebral muscle 2:556
Superior petrosal sinus 1:37
Superior thyroid artery 1:28
Supertraction of the retina 1:167168
Suppression 1:442
Supracapsular phacoemulsification 3:1750
advantages 3:1760
in difficult cases 3:1761
new generation phaco machines 3:1762
surgical technique 3:1751
Supracapsular quick chop phaco 3:1756
Supraciliaris 3:1983
Supranuclear disorders 1:281288
non-optic reflex system disorders 1:287
of eye movements 1:281
pseudo-ophthalmoplegia 1:281
pursuit disorders 1:287
saccadic disorders conjugate palsies 1:281
dissociated palsies 1:284
vergence disorders 1:287
Supranuclear pathways 1:273280
for eye movements 1:273
saccadic system 1:274
infranuclear pathways 1:273
non-optic reflex system 1:279
position maintenance system 1:280
pursuit system 1:275
vergence system 1:277
Supraorbital artery 1:30, 34
Supratrochlear artery 1:30, 34
Surgical management of squint 1:535543
complications of surgery 1:541
indications for surgery 1:535
muscle transposition 1:540
presurgical assessment 1:535
surgical techniques 1:536
Suspensory ligaments of lockwood 2:763
Sutureless cataract incisions 3:1687
Swan incision 1:537
Swans syndrome 1:434
Swedish interactive thresholding algorithm 3:1394
Swinging flashlight test 1:303304
Sympathetic ophthalmitis 3:2008
clinical features 3:2009
differential diagnosis 3:2010
laboratory investigations 3:2010
ocular complications 3:2013
therapy 3:2012
Synaptophore 1:431, 493
Synchysis scintillans 4:2311
Synophrys 2:551
Syphilis in eye 3:1999; 4:2837
diagnosis 4:2839
treatment 4:2840
Systemic diseases related to ocular manifestations 4:28412849
Systemic lupus 4:2854
Systemic lupus erythematosus 4:2858
T
Takayasu’s disease 4:2549
Tarsal gland 2:553
Tarsal plates 2:555556
Tarsitis 2:627
Tarsorrhaphies 2:642
Tay-Sachs disease 4:2874
T-cells 4:2800, 2808
Tear composition 1:43
Tear film 1:39
break up time 1:42
chemical composition of tear fluid 1:4450
electrolytes and hydrogen ions 1:49
enzymes 1:49
formation dynamics 1:42
middle aqueous layer 1:41
physical properties of tears 1:43
physiology 1:3954
posterior mucin layer 1:4142
superficial lipid layer 1:4041
tear composition 1:43
tear drainage 1:43
Tear globulin assay 1:52; 2:744745
Tear osmolarity 2:745
Tear pH 1:43
Tear substitutes 2:745746
Tears hypersecretion 1:5254
Tears hyposecretion 1:5052
Telangiectasias 4:2628
Telecanthus 2:639
Telencephalon 1:8
Telescopic system 1:266267
Temporary keratoprosthesis, surgical technique 4:2758
Tenon’s capsule 2:762763; 3:1369, 1552
Tenon’s space 2:764
Terrien’s marginal corneal degeneration 2:10841085
Terson syndrome 4:2770
Tessier’s operation 2:770
Thermokeratoplasty 2:1356
Thiel-Behnke corneal dystrophy 2:10561057
Third nerve fascicle syndromes 1:332333
Three cell stage embryo 1:3
Tiflotechnological aids 1:268
Tight lens syndrome 1:212
Tilt and tumble phaco 3:1755
Tilted disc 1:383384
Tissue preservative 2:1176
Tolosa-Hunt syndrome 2:778
Tonometer, Barraquer’s 2:1173
Tonometry 3:1374
applanation tonometry 3:1377
Goldmann applanation tonometer 3:1377
Perkin’s hand held tonometer 3:1378
Halberg hand applanation tonometer 3:1379
digital 3:1374
instrumental 3:1374
indentation tonometry 3:1374
Schiotz tonometry 3:1374
tonography 3:1381
Topical antibiotic preparations 3:2110
Topical immune therapy 3:2220
adverse reactions 3:2223
dosage 3:2223
indications for 3:2222
ocular defence system and immunity 3:2220
Topographic linked excimer laser ablation 2:12281229, 12401255
Topography of central retina 4:2315
Topography-assisted lasik 2:12281229, 12401255
Topolink 2:12281229
TORCH titers 3:1863
Torre’s syndrome 2:634
Trabeculectomy with phaco and IOL implantation 3:1521
Trachoma 2:857
Traction test 2:701
Transforming growth factor 4:2492
Trapezoidal astigmatic keratotomy 2:11591160
Trauma, anterior segment blunt 2:909921
Traumatic cataract in children 3:1871
Traumatic corneal abrasion 2:909910
Traumatic glaucoma 3:1431
causes of angle closure glaucoma 3:1437
epithelial ingrowth following penetrating injury 3:1438
lens subluxation 3:1437
lens swelling 3:1438
posterior synechiae with pupillary block 3:1438
uveal effusion 3:1438
causes of open angle glaucoma 3:1432
blunt injury 3:1432
course of hyphema 3:1433
management 3:1434
penetrating injury 3:1433
classification of injuries 3:1431
etiopathogenesis 3:1432
ghost cell glaucoma 3:1436
inflammation 3:1434
lens particle glaucoma 3:1435
retained intraocular foreign body 3:1437
Treacher Collins syndrome 2:641
Trephination system 2:1129
Trial set 1:154
Trichiasis 2:617619
Trifluridine 2:1041
Trigeminal cave 1:345
Trigeminal nerve 1:345347
exit from the brain 1:345
mandibular division 1:346347
maxillary division 1:346347
nucleus 1:345
ophthalmic division 1:345346
Trilaminar germ disk 1:7, 2021
Trilateral retinoblastoma 4:2622
Triple ‘S’ syndrome 2:628
Trisomy 4:18, 2686
Trochlear nerve 1:335
and its lesions 1:336339, 483484
Bielschowsky’s head tilting test 1:337
course 1:335
management 1:339
Trophoblast 1:4
Trypan Blue (Blurhex) 3:1798
Tuberculous retinitis 4:2827
Tuberous sclerosis 4:2631
Tug of war 4:2730
Two-cell stage embryo 1:3
Tyndall phenomena 3:1555
Typical shower of golden rain 4:2311
U
Umbra 1:128129
Uncal herniation syndrome 1:333
Uveal metastasis 3:2024
Uveal tract 3:1981
choroid 3:1986
ciliary body 3:1983
development 1: 13
iris 3:1981
Uveitic scoring system 3:1994
Uveitis 3:2003; 4:2826
V
van der Hoeve’s syndrome 4:2967
Van Lint’s method 3:1644
Vascular endothelial growth factor 4:2563
Vascular lesions 4:2661
Vasculitic disorders of the eye 4:2860
Vergence disorders 1:287
Vergence system 1:277279
Verhoeff’s membrane 4:2291
Vernier acuity 1:158
Verruca vulgaris 2:629630
Vestibular system disorders 1:287288
Vidarabine 2:1041
Virchow’s law 2:766
Viscocanalostomy 3:1557, 1584
operative technique 3:1557
complications 3:1558
Viscoelastic substances 3:2186
caustic preparations 3:2195
commercially available 3:2187
criteria for selection of 3:2186
indications for 3:2187
irrigating solutions 3:2192
roles of 3:2187
Vistech contrast test system 1:180
Visual acuity 1:157160; 3:1563
definition of 1:158
examination in an infant or illiterate 1:160
measurement of Snellen’s test 1:158
types of 1:158
with contact lenses versus LASIK 1:245253
materials and methods 1:250
optical physiology 1:245
results 1:250
Visual angle 1:157
Visual axis 1:422
Visual cortex 1:313314
histology 1:313314
Visual evoked potential 1:9596
Visual field testing (perimetry) 3:1384
Amsler Grid testing 3:1387
confrontation methods 3:1385
finger counting technique 3:1386
finger-mimicking test 3:1386
visual observation method 3:1386
visually evoked movement 3:1385
Goldmann perimetry 3:1390
Lister perimetry 3:1389
static perimetry 3:1391
tangent screen 3:1387
types 3:1385
Visual pathway 1:309322
blood supply 1:316318
lesions and field defects 1:318322
localization 1:314
lateral geniculate body 1:315
optic chiasma 1:314
optic nerve 1:314
optic radiation 1:316
optic tract 1:315
retina 1:314
visual cortex 1:316
Visual pigments 1:7683
Vitamin A alcohol 1:7782
Vitamin A and retinal relationship 1:8182
Vitelliform dystrophy 4:2400
Vitrectomy 4:2471, 2595, 2609
Vitreous development 1:16
Vitreous movements 4:2307
Vitreous opacities 4:23092313
classification 4:2313
echography patterns 4:2311
opaque sheets 4:2312
signs 4:2313
snowballs in vitreous 4:2312
symptoms 4:2313
treatment 4:2313
Vitreous, cisternal anatomy 4:2299
Vitreous, functional anatomy 4:2304
Vogt’s interval 2:1084
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada like syndrome 3:2010, 2017, 2060; 4:2483
Volk coroid lens 1:191
von Hippel-Lindau disease 3:1405; 4:2637, 2950, 2970
von Recklinghausen’s disease 2:638; 4:2888, 2970
W
Waardenburg’s syndrome 4:2881, 2969
Walls of the orbit 3:2069
Warts 2:629630
Watershed zone 1:33
Wave theory 1:127
Wavefront technology 2:12281229,12401246,12471255
Webbed-neck syndrome 4:2968
Wedge resection 2:11611162
Wegener’s granulomatosis 4:2854, 2861
Weill-Marchesani syndrome 3:1818, 1949; 4:2887, 2966
Werner’s syndrome 4:2969
Wernicke’s area 1:312
White dot syndromes 4:25102516
White limbal girdle of Vogt 2:1083
Whitnall’s ligament 2:566
Whitnall’s tubercle 2:759
Wilbrandt’s knee 1:314315
Wilson’s disease 3:1634
Worth’s 4 dot test 1:415, 439, 465
X
X pattern 1:488
Xanthelesma 2:641
Xeroderma pigmentosa 4:2883
X-linked cone dystrophy 4:2437
X-linked recessive deficiency 4:2875
X-linked retinoschisis 4:2447
X-linked trait 4:2435
Y
Y pattern 1:488
YAG capsulotomy 3:1973
Z
Zeiss lens 3:1371
Zellweger’s syndrome 4:2881
Zona occludens 4:2325, 2352, 2551
Zona pellucida 1:45
Zonula adherens 3:1986; 4:2369
Zonular cataract 3:1628; 4:2955
Zonular dehiscence 3:1933
Zonular fibers-development 1:12
Zonule of Zinn 1:24
Zonulocapsular barrier 3:1816
Zygomatic furrow (malar fold) 2:551
Zygomatic-maxillary suture 3:2068
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