Pediatric Drug Companion Jitender Nagpal, HPS Sachdev, Panna Choudhary
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1Pediatric Drug Companion
2Pediatric Drug Companion
Jitender Nagpal Senior Resident Department of Pediatrics Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi Panna Choudhary Consultant Pediatrician Department of Pediatrics Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi HPS Sachdev Professor of Pediatrics and Head of Clinical Epidemiology Division Department of Pediatrics Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi and Visiting Professor Southampton Hospital UK
3Published by
Jitendar P Vij
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd
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Pediatric Drug Companion
© 2003, Jitender Nagpal, Panna Choudhary, HPS Sachdev
All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the author and the publisher.
First Edition: 2003
Publishing Director: RK Yadav
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4Disclaimer
The users of the text are informed that despite utmost care in the preparation of the text some inadvertent errors are always a possibility. Drug therapy is also being constantly updated with newer recommendations and better therapeutic agents. The readers are therefore advised to check the package inserts for newer drugs and to confirm from other reliable sources in case of slightest doubt. Neither the publisher nor the authors assume any liability for any mishap arising from use of this publication.
5Preface
Drugs represent an indispensable component of the overall therapy of pediatric patients. Their skillful use or misuse could make the difference between survival, disability and death of the patient. Considering the precision in dosing over a wide age range and the ever-expanding spectrum of drugs that are rapidly becoming available, this skill is especially vital for a pediatrician.
It is not uncommon for a practicing pediatrician to refer to colleagues or textbooks to quickly ascertain or confirm, for a drug under prescription, the dosage, contraindications, toxicity, adjustment in renal disease, or compatibility with lactation. In this context, a handy and easily browsable reference enlisting these facets for the commonly used drugs would prove useful. This title seeks to address the paucity of a reliable, concise and yet comprehensive text on the subject.
Meticulous efforts have been directed towards specifically collecting and providing information about the pregnancy category of the drug, compatibility with lactation and dose adjustment in renal and hepatic derangements since such information is indispensable for astute pediatric practice but often cumbersome and difficult to trace. Vaccines have also been included for ready reference. A separate section on laboratory values has been added for convenience. Under each drug, a few commonly available commercial preparations have been enumerated for purely illustrative purpose; this does not imply the authors′ endorsement or recommendation to use these particular brands in preference to others. The individual drugs have been detailed in an alphabetical 6manner in the appropriate system to which their primary utility can be classified. To facilitate easy tracing, an index has also been provided at the end.
This ready yet authentic reckoner of drug usage would prove invaluable for all pediatricians. It would be of particular benefit for Residents starting their career and practicing pediatricians.
Jitender Nagpal
Panna Choudhary
HPS Sachdev
7Major Sources
  1. Behrman RE, Kliegman RM, Jenson HB. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 16th edn. W. B. Saunders Company,  Philadelphia,  2000.
  1. Gunn VL, Nechyba C. Johns Hopkins: The Harriet Lane Handbook: A Manual for Pediatric House Officers, 16th edn. C.V. Mosby Inc.,  Philadelphia.  2002.
  1. Pickering LK, Peter G, Baker CJ, Gerber MA, MacDonald NE, Orenstein WA, Patriarca P. American Academy of Pediatrics 2000 Red Book: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, 25th edn. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2000.
  1. Abernethy DR, Arnold GJ, Azarnoff D, Bill RL, Merton D, Boothe, et al. Mosby's Drug Consult. Mosby, Inc. St. Louis, Missouri. 2002 Tripathi KD. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology. Jaypee Brothers,  New Delhi,  1998.
8Explanation of Pregnancy Categories
A
Adequate studies in pregnant women have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy, and there is no evidence of risk in later trimesters.
B
Animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus, but there are no adequate studies in pregnant women; or animal studies have shown an adverse effect, but adequate studies in pregnant women have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus during the first trimester of pregnancy, and there is no evidence of risk in later trimesters.
C
Animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, but there are no adequate studies in humans; or there are no animal reproduction studies and no adequate studies in humans.
D
There is evidence of human fetal risk, but the potential benefits from the use of the drug in pregnant women may be acceptable despite its potential risks.
X
Studies in animals or humans demonstrate fetal abnormalities or adverse reaction; reports indicate evidence of fetal risk. The risk of use in pregnant woman clearly outweighs any possible benefit.
Lactation [?]
No reliable data is available.