Microbiology for Nurses Rajesh Bhatia, Rattan Lal Ichhpujani
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1MICROBIOLOGY FOR NURSES2
3MICROBIOLOGY FOR NURSES
2nd Edition
Rattan Lal Ichhpujani MBBS MD Consultant (Microbiologist) and Head of the Department Zoonosis Department NICD, Delhi 110 054 Formerly Department of Microbiology Medical College, Rohtak 124 001 Rajesh Bhatia MBBS MD DIM STP, WHO, SEARO Formerly Director, National Institute of Biologicals Head Microbiology Department, NICD, Delhi Department of Microbiology Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi 110 002
4Published by
Jitendar P Vij
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd
EMCA House, 23/23B Ansari Road, Daryaganj
New Delhi 110 002, India
Phones: 23272143, 23272703, 23282021, 23245672, 23245683
Fax: 011-23276490
Visit our website: http://www.jpbros.20m.com
Branches
Microbiology for Nurses
© 2003, Ichhpujani RL and Bhatia R
All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the authors and the publisher.
First Edition : 1994
Second Edition: 2003
Publishing Director: RK Yadav
9788180611469
Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit
Printed at Lordson Publishers (P) Ltd., C-5/19, RP Bagh, Delhi 110 007
5To
Our
MOTHERS
For having done so much
for us that it is unthinkable
to return
even a fraction of that6
7Preface to the Second Edition
“Microbiology for Nurses” was probably the first publication of its kind by Indian authors when the first edition of the book was brought out in 1994. As authors we were aware that it is going to take time before the book reaches its rightful readers. But we were confident that the quality and extent of Nursing Education and Training deserve a specialised book on a subject like microbiology. Our confidence was not wrong, when the first edition slowly but surely became popular and reached a wider readership. During this period we received very constructive suggestions for further improvement of this publications.
In the past few years importance of certain subjects, particularly related to biosafety and nosocomial infections tremendously increased. In the light of this changing scenario and constructive suggestions, the second edition has been thoroughly revised, updated and made more user-friendly. We very gratefully acknowledge the feedback from our dear readers, without naming them individually. We very warmly thank Sh JP Vij and Sh PP Vij our publishers for their support, guidance and patience.
We are very optimistic that the book will meet the needs of nursing students not only in their academic pursuits but also in their day to day professional working. We would, as usual, keenly look forward to the constructive suggestions from our esteemed readers for improvement of the future editions of the book.
Rattan Lal Ichhpujani
Rajesh Bhatia8
9Preface to the First Edition
Microbiology is a subject of great breadth and depth. It encompasses the study of microorganisms which cause infectious diseases. The ability to identify and understand these basic properties of specific microorganism is essential for everyone in the health profession, especially the nurses who play a vital role in patient care. Knowledge of the properties of certain important microorganisms has critical practical application in the field of nursing, as well.
This book has been designed exclusively for the students pursuing undergraduate nursing course. It will also be found useful by the students undergoing courses in medical laboratory technology.
The book conforms to the syllabus approved by the Nursing Council of India. There are a few chapters (especially on medical parasitology) which somehow do not find mention in the syllabus recommended by the Nursing Council of India. However, because of their clinical importance and wide prevalence, we have included brief description of some of these important parasites in this book.
Microbiology is a laboratory science and no textbook description can ever substitute for the actual experience of preparing and growing cultures, staining and examining specimens or carrying out basic experiments. All these have been incorporated in a separate section on Practical Microbiology.
In this book the focus has been on basics. The emphasis has been on the fundamentals that are important to learn the dynamics of infectious diseases and their control in the patient as well as the hospitals.
Microbiology for Nurses has been intended to provide nurses with a comprehensive and lucid account of basic concepts in microbiology and its application to patient care. We shall be grateful to have the comments of our dear students and enlightened teachers regarding the utility of this book.
The idea of having a book on microbiology for nurses was conceived by Shri JP Vij. In giving shape to his idea we received wholehearted support from Shri PP Vij and various departments of Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, especially the editorial unit, DTP staff and the artists. We are deeply indebted to all of them for being extremely cooperative and author-friendly. Finally, a big THANK YOU—right from the heart, to members of our families for being so considerate and understanding in our endeavours.
Rattan Lal Ichhpujani
Rajesh Bhatia10