Editors
M. Nagaraj
Rao
MD, DCH, FIAP, FAMS
Former Professor of Pediatrics
HOD Neonatology, Institute of Child Health
Niloufer Hospital,
Hyderabad
(AP)
Dharmapuri Vidya
Sagar
MD
Director of Neonatology
Professor and Associate Head, Pediatrics
University of Illinois at Chicago Medical Center
Chicago,
Illinois
(USA)
Armida
Fernandez
National Neonatology Forum President (2001-2003)
Former Professor of Pediatrics and Neonatologist
Mumbai
(A Publication of National Neonatology Forum)
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Recent Advances in Neonatology
© 2004, M. Nagaraj Rao, Dharmapuri Vidya Sagar, Armida Fernandez
All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the editors and the publisher.
This book has been published in good faith that the material provided by contributors is original. Every effort is made to ensure accuracy of material, but the publisher, printer and editors will not be held responsible for any inadvertent error(s). In case of any dispute, all legal matters to be settled under Delhi jurisdiction only.
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List of Contributors
- Nagamani Beligere MD, MPH
- Medical Director, Development
- Follow-up Clinic
- Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago Medical Center, USA
- SK Bhargav
- Center for Newborn Care Department of Pediatrics
- SL Jain Hospital, Delhi
- Vinod K Bhutani
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
- University of Pennsylvania School of
- Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- JP Dadhich
- Secretary NNF, Dept. of Pediatrics
- SL Jain Hospital, Delhi
- Ramasubbareddy Dhanireddy
- Louisiana State University Health
- Sciences Center, Shreveport
- Shreveport LA, USA
- AK Dutta
- Director Professor HOD Pediatrics, Kalawati Saran Children’s Hospital
- Lady Hardinge Medical College
- New Delhi
- Armida Fernandez
- President NNF, Professor and
- HOD of Neonatology (Retd.)
- LTMG Hospital, Mumbai
- RG Holla DM
- Neonatologist, Army Hospital, (R&R)
- Delhi Cantt
- D Tude Hope
- Division of NeonatologyMater Mother’s Hospital
- South Brisbane, Queens Land,
- Australia
- Neelam Kler
- HOD Neonatology
- Sir Ganga Ram Hospital
- New Delhi
- G Ganesh Konduri MD
- Associate Professor and Chief of Neonatology
- Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin and
- Medical College of Wisconsin
- Milwaukee WI (USA)
- Praveen Kumar
- Associate Professor
- Department of Pediatrics, PGIMER
- Chandigarh
- AP Mehta
- Dept. of Pediatrics
- SL Jain Hospital
- Delhi
- KS Murthy
- Chief of Pediatrics Cardiothoracic Surgery
- Apollo Children’s Heart Hospital
- Hyderabad
- P Arun Kumar Nair MD, DCH, MRCP, FRCPCH
- Senior Consultant Neonatologist
- Muscat
- Lu Ann Papile MD
- USA
- Ambadas Pathak MD
- Department of Pediatrics
- John’s Hopkins Medical School
- Baltimore, USA
- Ranjan Kumar Pejaver
- Consultant Neonatologist
- Professor of Neonatology, KIMS
- Suneel Kumar Pooboni MD, DCH, (Glasgow), MRCP, Liestarshire (UK)
- VSV Prasad (AIIMS, New Delhi) AB, PEDS (USA)
- Diplomate of the American Board of Pediatrics
- Chief Consultant Neonatologist and Pediatric Intensivist, Children’s Medical Center, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad
- M Nagaraj Rao MD, DCH, FIAP, FAMS
- Former Professor of Pediatrics HOD NeonatologyInstitute of Child Health
- Niloufer Hospital, Hyderabad (AP)
- Dharmapuri Vidya Sagar MD
- Director Neonatology
- Professor of Pediatrics, University of
- Illinois at Chicago Medical Center
- 840, South Wood Street, Chicago
- Illinois, USA
- Mehul A Shah
- Consultant Pediatric Nephrologist
- Rainbow Children’s Hospital
- Hyderabad
- Sunil K Sinha MD, PHD, FRCP, FRCPH
- Prof. of Neonatology Medicine
- The James Cook University Hospital
- Middles Brough, UK
- Michael E Speer MD, FAAP
- Professor of Pediatrics
- Baylor College of Medicine Houston
- TX 77030, USA
- Ann R Stark MD
- Department of Pediatrics
- Harvard Medical School
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital
It gives me great pleasure to introduce this book Recent Advances in Neonatology containing the collections of papers being presented at the 23rd annual meeting of National Neonatal Forum of India in Hyderabad.
Articles written by National and International authorities present the current information in the field of Neonatology. The selection of topics are excellent and the authors eminent.
The content is appropriate representing wide scope of Neonatology from basic neonatal care to the most advanced care of the newborn. The book will be very useful for postgraduate students, Practicing Pediatricians and Neonatologists of India.
There have been more advances in the care of newborns in the past 35 years than in the history of mankind. The Dawning of Neonatal Intensive Care followed what has been referred to as the era of benign neglect. The modern era is characterized by the ability to actively intervene not only on behalf of the smallest most immature infants but even to medically treat and surgically operate on the fetus in the womb. Our obligation remains first and foremost To Do No Harm. And to practice the highest quality, evidence based medicine. This book addresses many of the Why’s and How To practice the best medicine. We have the ability to offer help and hope to the formerly hopeless but professionals and the public must be made aware that there are still situations which are truly incurable and where ongoing care is futile. The goals in neonatal perinatal medicine must be to make the world a better and safer place for children, reduce premature births, and take better care of sick newborn babies. The long-term objective is a further reduction in newborn deaths and prevention of birth defects. We must strive to reduce the neonatal morbidity such as intraventricular hemorrhage, broncho-pulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis and retinopathy in premature infants. Close attention must also be directed at long-term outcomes for all babies that require intensive care and assistance during the neonatal period. We must strive to accomplish survival without neuro-developmental delay or impairment of special senses including vision and hearing. The approach to these goals are covered in many of the chapters.
On behalf of the section on perinatal pediatrics of AAP and my esteemed colleagues, I wish the conference a great success. We also wish continued fruitful association between NNF and section on pediatrics of AAP.
Avroy A Fanaroff MD
Professor and Interim Chair of Pediatrics
Case Western Reserve University
Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital
Preface
The book Recent Advances in Neonatology is a compilation of articles written and presented in NEOCON 2003 - Hyderabad in December 2003. 10 top neonatologists of USA, and equal number of authors from India, UK and Australia have expressed their expertize knowledge in this unique book.
This book will be a great benefit to postgraduate students and neonato-logists as it has the latest information on many of the common problems faced in day-to-day practice.
I am thankful to Dr Dharmapuri Vidya Sagar who not only imbibed the idea to me, also persuaded with many of his American colleagues to send the manuscripts. I wish to place on record all my fellow neonatologists who gratefully accepted to send the articles.
M Nagaraj Rao
Dharmapuri Vidya Sagar
Armida Fernandez