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Update in Contraception
Dilip Kumar Dutta
1:
Contraception—Overview
2:
Contraception—Historical Review
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Contraceptive Revolution
Oral
IUD (Development)
Male Contraceptive
3:
Natural Methods in Family Planning
4:
Contraception in Women
INHIBITION OF OVULATION
Prolonged Lactation
Oral Hormonal Contraception
Contraceptive Efficacy (Pearl Index 0.05–0.9)
Inhibition of Fertilization
Mechanical Methods (Overview)
Diaphragm
Mechanism of Action
Indications
Contraindications
Conditions for Use
Cervical Cap
New Developments
Tubal Sterilization
Chemical Methods
Spermicides
New Developments
Hormonal
Mechanism of Action
Injectables
Mechanism of Action
New Developments
Implants
Mechanism of Action
Vaginal Ring
Mechanism of a Action
NEW DEVELOPMENTS
Intrauterine Devices (IUD) or Systems (IUS)(Inert IUD, Copper IUD, Levonorgestrel-containing IUS)
Mechanism of Action
New Developments
Immunological Contraception
Inhibition of Implantation
Hormonal Methods
Postcoital Contraception
Mechanism of Action
Intrauterine Devices
Immunological Methods
5:
Newer Concept—Male Contraception
TRADITIONAL METHODS OF MALE CONTRACEPTION
Barrier Methods
Vasectomy
NEW APPROACHES TOWARDS REVERSIBLE MALE CONTRACEPTION
Post-testicular Contraception
Nonsurgical Vasectomy
Inhibition of Sperm Maturation
Suppression of Spermatogenesis
Immunization against Sperm Antigens
Immunization against Gonadotropins
Hormonal Male Contraception
Efficacy of Different Regimens for Hormonal Male Contraception
CONCLUSION
6:
The Future of Oral Hormonal Contraception
SAFETY
Contraceptive Efficacy
No Negative Metabolic Impact
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Blood Coagulation
No Co-carcinogenesis
Breast Cancer
Endometrial Carcinoma
Ovarian Carcinoma
Cervical Cancer
Cardiovascular Risk and OC Use
OC Use and Venous Thrombosis
Myocardial Infarction
Stroke
Non-contraceptive Benefits
New Developments
Ideal Contraceptive
Oral Hormonal Contraceptives
OTHER CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS
Targets for Uterine Contraception
Cervical os
Endometrium
LNG-IUS (Levonorgestrel System)
Steroid Hormones (Orally)
Steroid Hormones (Parenterally)
Once-a-month Injectables
Products
Subdermal Progestin Implantables
Gene Therapy
CONCLUSIONS
7:
The Future IUCD—The Levonorgestrel-releasing Intrauterine System
INTRODUCTION
Mechanism of Action
Contraception
Method Failure
Non-contraceptive Benefits
Acceptability of the LNG-IUS and Quality of Life Assessments
The Future
8:
Emergency Contraception
CONCLUSION
9:
Medical Abortion
INTRODUCTION
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Receptor Binding
Normally Menstruating Women
Follicular Phase
Early Luteal Phase
Mid Luteal Phase
Late Luteal Phase
Effect in Early Pregnancy
Effect on Cervical Dilatation
Antiglucocorticoid Activity
Other Effects
Indication and Usage
Termination of Early Pregnancy
“Mifepristone Only” Therapy
Combination of Mifepristone and Prostaglandin
Contraindications
FOLLOW UP
Bleeding
Confirmation of Pregnancy Termination
Information for Patients
INDEX
TOC
Index
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