Jaypee Brothers
In Current Chapter
In All Chapters
X
Clear
X
GO
Normal
Sepia
Dark
Default Style
Font Style 1
Font Style 2
Font Style 3
Less
Normal
More
Review of Complete Dentures
Lovely M
Essays
MAXILLARY DENTURE BEARING AREAS
Stress-bearing Areas
Anatomical Landmarks
Labial Frenum
Labial Vestibule
Buccal Frenum
Buccal Vestibule
Incisive Papilla
Rugae
Median Palatine Raphe
Zygomatic Process
Palate
Posterior Palatal Area
Maxillary Tuberosity
Pterygomaxillary (Hamular) Notch
Palatine Fovea Region
Vibrating Line of the Palate
MANDIBULAR DENTURE BEARING AREAS
A. Preservation of the Remaining Residual Ridges
B. Support
C. Stability
D. Retention
E. Aesthetics
Steps in complete denture impression making:
Mandibular
Preliminary Impression
Material of Choice:
Wax Spacer Design
Tray
Preparing the Final Impression Tray
Border Moulding
Final Impression
Maxillary
Maxillary Preliminary Impression
Maxillary Wax Spacer Design
Border Moulding Procedure
Final Impression
Impression
Types of Impression Techniques
1. Definite-pressure Impressions or Mucocompressive Technique
Impression materials used for this technique are:
Disadvantages:
2. Mucostatic, open mouth, passive or minimal-pressure impressions (By PAGE)
Disadvantages:
3. Selective-pressure Impressions
Disadvantage:
4. Controlled Sub-atmospheric Pressure
Materials used
Factors Affecting Retention of Dentures
The factors that affect retention can be classified as:
Anatomical Factors
Oral and Facial Musculature
Physiological Factors
Physical Factors
Adhesion
Cohesion
Interfacial surface tension
Factors affecting interfacial surface tension:
Capillary attraction:
Factors that aid to improve capillary attraction:
Atmospheric pressure and peripheral seal:
Factors affecting atmospheric pressure
Mechanical Factors
Factors Important in Recording PPS
Techniques to Record PPS
Conventional Approach
Locating Vibrating Lines
Scoring the Post-dam
Advantages of Conventional Method
Disadvantages of Conventional Approach
Fluid Wax Technique
Advantages
Disadvantages
Arbitrary Scraping of Master Cast
Disadvantages
Adding a Posterior Palatal Seal to an Existing Denture
Techniques
Fluid Wax Technique
Advantages
Factors Affecting Stability
Contour of the Polished Surface
Factors Affecting Stability and Support
Vertical Relations
Significance of Vertical Relations
Recording of Vertical Relations
Methods for Recording Vertical Relations
Recording Rest Position
Facial Measurements
Tactile Sense
Phonetics
Occlusion Position Recording
Pre-extraction Records
Following are some of the tests when the occlusion rims are placed in the mouth:
Uses of Face-bow
Face-bow Transfer Procedure
Preliminary Steps
Face-bow Record
Face-bow Mounting
Definition
Types of Face-bow
Arbitrary
Kinematic face-bow
Uses of Face-bow
Parts of face-bow
Definition:
Methods of Recording:
Methods for Assisting the Patient to Retrude the Mandible
Methods:
Definition:
Graphic Methods
Factors Affecting Accuracy of Graphic Tracing
Arrow-point Tracing
Parts of the Tracer
Types of arrow point tracers (Based on the location of the tracer):
Intraoral Arrow-point Tracers
Procedure
Disadvantages
Extraoral Arrow-point Tracers
Parts of Extraoral Tracers
Procedure
Advantages:
Pantographic Tracing
Advantages
Parts of a Pantograph
Location of the Flags
Disadvantages
Advantages of Articulator
Classification of Articulators (University of Michigan in 1972)
Class I
Class II
Class III
Class IV
ARTICULATORS OF DIFFERENT CLASSES WITH EXAMPLES
Uses of Articulators
Requirements of an Articulator
Additional Articulator Requirements
Hanau Articulators
Hanau H2
Advantages
Records
Incisal Guide Pin and Incisal Table
Balanced Occlusion
Advantages of Bilateral Balanced Occlusion
Factors affecting occlusal balance (Hanau's Quint)
Condylar Guidance
Incisal Guidance
Plane of Occlusion
Compensating Curve
Types of Compensating Curves
Lateral Compensatory Curves
Angulation of Teeth/Cuspal Height/Cusp Angle
Factors Affecting Protrusive Balance
Factors Affecting Lateral Balance
Concepts of Occlusion
Factors in Balance
Types of Balance
Unilateral Lever Balance
For good unilateral lever balance:
Unilateral Occlusal Balance
Bilateral Occlusal Balance
Protrusive Occlusal Balance
Anterior Teeth Selection
Size of Anterior Teeth
Form of Anterior Teeth
Colour or Shade of Anterior Teeth
Composition of Material of Anterior Teeth
Shade of Posterior Teeth
Size and Number of Posterior Teeth
Form of Posterior Teeth
Buccolingual Width of Posterior Teeth
Mesiodistal Length of Posterior Teeth
Vertical Length of the Posterior Teeth
Commonly Used Materials
Age
Sex
Personality
Cosmetic Factor
Artistic Reflection
Few changes that will harmonize with patient features:
Instructions to Patients
Individuality of Patients
Adaptability to New Dentures
Appearance with New Dentures
Mastication with New Dentures
Position of the Tongue
Speaking with New Dentures
Oral Hygiene with Dentures
Preserving the Residual Ridges
Periodic Recall of Patients
Educational Material for Patients
Introduction
Advantages
Disadvantages
Diagnosis and Treatment Planning
Treatment Procedures
Initial Impressions
Secondary Impressions
Alternative Impression Procedure
Jaw Relation Records
Tooth Selection and Arrangement of Posterior Teeth
Posterior Try in
Arrangement of Anterior Teeth
Insertion Procedures
Instructions
Postinsertion Care
Definition
Classification
Noncoping Abutments
Abutments with Copings
Abutments with Attachments
Goals
Indications
Requirements of an Over-denture
Advantages
Disadvantages of an Over-denture
Definition
Various Techniques
Clinical Procedure
Tooth Preparation for Minimal Retention
Steps in Clinical Procedure
Endodontic Therapy with Cast Coping Utilizing Some Form of Attachment
Remounting
Advantages of Remounting
Procedure
Short Notes
DIAGNOSTIC CASTS
Importance of Diagnostic Casts
TYPES OF UPPER DENTURE BEARING AREAS (BASED ON FUNCTION)
Primary Stress-bearing Areas
Primary and Secondary Retentive Areas
Relief Areas
Other Areas
STABILITY AND SUPPORT IN COMPLETE DENTURE
Factors Affecting Stability
Factors Affecting Support
CLOSED MOUTH IMPRESSION
Disadvantages:
SELECTIVE PRESSURE TECHNIQUES (BOUCHER, 1951)
Materials Used
For Preliminary Impression
For Final Impression
Another Technique
Disadvantages
Advantages
DENTURE RETENTION WITH NOTE ON PHYSICAL FACTORS
Physical Factors
Adhesion
Factors affecting adhesion:
Cohesion
Interfacial Surface Tension
Factors affecting interfacial surface tension:
Capillary Attraction
Factors enhancing capillary attraction:
Atmospheric Pressure and Peripheral Seal
Factors enhancing effect of atmospheric pressure:
VIBRATING LINE
Divided as:
Anterior Vibrating Line
Locating Anterior Vibrating Line
Posterior Vibrating Line
Locating Posterior Vibrating Line
Extent
Posterior Palatal Seal Area
FLUID WAX TECHNIQUE
Waxes used are:
Procedure
Advantages
Disadvantages
Fluid wax technique for adding a posterior palatal seal to already existing denture (Moghadam and Scandrett):
RELEVANCE OF PPS
Importance of PPS
FUNCTIONS OF BITE BLOCKS/OCCLUSAL RIMS:
Four Factors in the Fabrication of Occlusion Rims
Relationship of the natural teeth to the alveolar bone and occlusal rim to ridge:
Fabrication technique:
Clinical guidelines:
Nasolabial sulcus and mentolabial sulcus
OCCLUSAL PLANE
Mandibular Occlusal Plane
Anteriorly
Buccally
Lingually
Tongue position
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
Introduction
Atmospheric Pressure and Peripheral Seal
Factors Enhancing Effect of Atmospheric Pressure
CAST METAL BASES/METAL DENTURE BASES
Requirements for Cast Metal Bases
Advantages of Metal Bases over Resin Bases (by Faber)
Disadvantages
Materials for Cast Metal Bases
Design Principles
Maxillary Bases
Mandibular Bases
Resin Retention
Block Out and Relief
Casting Procedure
FACE-BOW USES AND TYPES
Uses of Face-bow
Types of Face-bow
Arbitrary
Kinematic Face-bow
INTEROCCLUSAL DISTANCE (FREE WAY SPACE)
Definition
Significance
Problems with Reduced Interocclusal Space
Methods of Establishing Interocclusal Space
Facial Measurements
Tactile Sense
Phonetics
REALEFF
Factors in Realeff
Explanation for Realeff
Correction Technique by Hanau
Precautions while Denture Making to avoid Realeff
PHYSIOLOGIC REST POSITION
Definition
Recording the Vertical Dimension of Rest
Facial Measurements
Tactile Sense
Phonetics
Preextraction records
Niswonger's Method
Importance of Physiologic Rest Position
TOOTH SUPPORTED COMPLETE DENTURE
Definition
Classification
Noncoping Abutments
Abutments with Copings
Abutments with Attachments
Indications
Advantages
Disadvantages of an Overdenture
OSSEOINTEGRATION
Osseointegrated Interface
Factors Determining Failure of Osseointegrated Implants
Implant Biomaterials
Ideal Implant Design for Osseointegration
Factors Affecting Implant Bed
OBTURATORS
Based on the Stages of Treatment
Surgical Obturators
Interim Obturators or Tentative Obturators
Definitive Obturators
Based on the Material Used
Based on the Location of Restoration
Based on the Movements
Obturator Therapy is Required for
Palatal Obturator Procedure
Surgical Obturators
Meatal Obturator
Disadvantages
CONVENTIONAL IMMEDIATE COMPLETE DENTURES
Advantages
Disadvantages
Treatment Procedures
Steps
Alternative Two-step Impression Procedure
Tooth Selection and Arrangement of Posterior Teeth
Posterior Try in
Arrangement of Anterior Teeth
FULLY ADJUSTABLE ARTICULATORS
SEMI-ADJUSTABLE ARTICULATORS
Hanau Model H
Dentatus (1944)
Trubyte articulator by Gysi
Kinoscope by Hanau in 1927
Ney Articulator by De Pietro in 1960
Hanau 130–21 by Richard Beu and James Janik in 1964
Teledyne articulator by Richard Beu
REQUIREMENTS OF AN ARTICULATOR AND DIFFERENCE IN ARCON AND NON-ARCON TYPES
Additional Articulator Requirements
CONDYLAR GUIDANCE AND INCISAL GUIDANCE
Importance of Condylar Guidance
Setting the Condylar Guidance in the Articulator (Hanau)
Incisal Guidance
Importance of Incisal Guidance
Preparation of Antero-posterior Guides
Setting up the Incisal Guidance
Factors Affecting Incisal and Condylar Guidance
GNATHOLOGY
Gnathologic Instruments
Features of Gnathologic Instruments
Examples of Gnathologic Instruments
Gnathoscope
Denar D4A and D5A
Simulator
CURVE OF SPEE
Anteroposterior Compensating Curves
Significance
COMPENSATORY CURVE/COMPENSATING CURVES
Types of Compensating Curves
Anteroposterior Compensating Curves
Lateral Compensating Curves
Factors Affecting Compensating Curves
Condylar Guidance
Cuspal Angulation
Incisal Guidance
Occlusal Plane
Incorporation of Compensating Curve
Significance of Compensating Curves
SPA FACTOR/DENTOGENIC CONCEPT (FRUSH AND FISHER 1955 TO 1957)
Age and Tooth Colour
Colour of the Teeth
Selection of Shade
Select the Shade by Three Methods
Sex
Personality
MONSON'S CURVE
Lateral Plane of the Teeth
SEARS POSTERIOR TEETH
Features of Sears Teeth
Advantages
Modification of Sears Tooth Forms
Features of Modified Tooth Form
DENTURE CLEANSING AGENTS
Chemical Cleaning Agents
Mechanical Cleaning
Disadvantages
Sonic Cleaners
Advantages
Cleaning Procedure
CLINICAL REMOUNT PROCEDURE
Advantages of Remounting
Procedure
Interocclusal Check Record
Verifying Record
Mounting
Rechecking Records
SELECTIVE GRINDING
RELINING AND REBASING
Definition
Indications for Relining and Rebasing:
For a Denture to be Relined or Rebased:
Contraindications
Relining Techniques
Tissue Preparation
Denture Preparation
Principal Pitfalls
Chairside Technique
SELECTIVE GRINDING TECHNIQUES
Selective Grinding of Anatomic Teeth is done to Achieve
Procedure
Locating the area of premature contact:
Recording the Premature Contact
Possible Prematurities
Steps in Selective Grinding Procedures
For Balanced-gliding Occlusion
Refining
Selective Grinding of Non-anatomic Teeth
Stripping method for the occlusal equilibration of zero degree teeth: by Dr. Gronas in 1970
Procedure
Adjusting for Centric Occlusion
IMPRESSION TRAYS
Types
Materials Used
Functions of Impression Trays
For Successful Impression Knowledge of the following is Necessary
Custom Made Tray
Ideal Requirements
REPAIR
Types of Fracture
Tooth Fracture
Anterior Tooth Replacement
Posterior Tooth Replacement
Denture Fracture
Types
Procedure for Repair
Cast Strengthener for Repeated Mandibular Dentures Fractures
Light-cured Resin Repairs
Advantages
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL OCCLUSION
Complete Denture Occlusion
Soft Tissues
Hard Tissues
Reaction of Bone to Pressure and Tension
Natural Teeth
Artificial Teeth
THEORIES OF OCCLUSION
Concepts of Occlusion/Theories of Occlusion
Spherical Concept of Occlusion: (Monson in 1918)
Bonwill's Theory of Occlusion/Theory of Equilateral Triangle (WGA Bonwill)
Conical Theory of Occlusion
Organic Concept of Occlusion
Three phases of organic occlusion are:
Neutrocentric Concept of Occlusion
Balanced Occlusion
Centric Occlusion
REQUIREMENTS OF COMPLETE DENTURE OCCLUSION
Requirements for Incising Units
Requirements for Working Occlusal Units
Requirements for Balancing Occlusal Units
SEARS AXIOMS FOR ARTIFICIAL OCCLUSION
ENDOSTEAL IMPLANTS
Endosteal Implants
Blade or Plateform Implants: (Linkow 1970):
Three insertion techniques
Screw, Root and Pinform Implants
Types:
Parts of screw type:
SUB-PERIOSTEAL IMPLANTS
Parts of Sub-periosteal Implants
Procedure:
Technique of Sub-periosteal Implants
Preliminary
There are Two Surgical Stages
Reasons for failures are:
IMPRESSION TECHNIQUE FOR FLABBY TISSUES
Hypermobile Ridge Tissue
Impression Technique
Preliminary Impression
Impression Plaster/ Anti-expansion Solution
Composition:
Special Plasters
Impression for Flabby Ridges:
Individual trays
Puddling of plaster
Failures with Plaster Impressions
Displaceable Maxillary Ridge
Impression Techniques
Mucocompression without Displacement
LEON WILLIAMS CLASSIFICATION (1914)
Classification
Locating the Teeth Shape
Selection of Shape of Teeth
Selection of Size of Teeth
Selection of Colour of Teeth
INSTRUCTIONS TO COMPLETE DENTURE PATIENT
Adaptability to New Dentures
Appearance with New Dentures
Mastication with New Dentures
Position of the Tongue
Speaking with New Dentures
Oral Hygiene with Dentures
Preserving the Residual Ridges
Periodic Recall of Patients
Educational Material for Patients
LINGUALIZED OCCLUSION
Types
Advantages
Incorporation of Lingualized Occlusion in Arrangement
Myerson's Lingualized Integration (MLI)
Non-balanced Lingualized Occlusion (Payne)
NEUTROCENTRIC CONCEPT
DeVan's Neutrocentric Concepts (1954)
Incorporating Neutrocentric Concept
Factors in Tooth Selection
Patient Instruction
TRY IN
Factors to Check at Trial
Lower Denture
Upper Denture
Both Dentures Together
In occlusion:
In anterior try in:
Lower Denture
Upper Denture
Both Dentures Together
Anterior Plane
Posteriorly:
AD1VANTAGES OF INTERIM DENTURES
RETROMOLAR PAD
Location
Contents
Significance of Retromolar Pad
Adjusting Special Tray
Border Moulding
FUNCTIONAL IMPRESSION TECHNIQUE
Material Used
Advantages of Tissue Conditioners
Indications for Relining
Factors to be Checked before Tissue Lining
Procedure
Instruction for Patient
Clinical Reline
Re-recording Centric Relation
Chairside Technique
SINGLE COMPLETE DENTURE
Problems Associated With This
Diagnosis and Treatment Planning
Techniques for Tooth Modification: (Swenson)
Other Techniques
Common Occlusal Disharmonies
Correction done by:
Methods Used to Achieve A Harmonious Balanced Occlusion
Functional Chew-in Techniques (Stansbury, 1928)
Articulator Equilibration Techniques
Occlusal Materials for the Single Denture
Subsequent Problems with Single Dentures Against Natural Teeth
TISSUE CONDITIONERS
Composition
Use of Tissue Conditioners
Adjuncts in Tissue Conditioning
Temporary Obturators
Stabilizers of Base Plates
Adjunct in the Impression-making
Technique in the Use of Tissue Conditioner
Preparation of the Denture
Preparation and Placement of Tissue Conditioner in the Mouth
NEUTRAL ZONE
The Neutral Zone or the Neuromuscular Approach (Sir Wilfred Fish, 1933)
Objective
Factors Influencing Neutral Zone
Cheeks
Lips
Tongue
Denture Surfaces
Denture Shape
Procedure
HANAU'S QUINT (RUDOLPH L. HANAU)
Modifications of Hanau's Quint
Factors Influencing Balanced Occlusion
Condylar Guidance
Incisal Guidance
Plane of Occlusion
Compensating Curve
Types of Compensating Curves
Cusps on Teeth or the Inclination of Cuspless Teeth
BALANCED ARTICULATION
Factors in Balanced Articulation
Factors Affecting the Balanced Occlusion
POSTERIOR PALATAL SEAL/PPS
Importance of PPS
Posterior Palatal Seal Area
Anterior and Posterior Vibrating Lines
IMPRESSION OF FLAT RIDGES: RESORBED RESIDUAL ALVEOLAR RIDGE
“Flat” Mandibular Ridge Impression
Material Used
Technique
Closed-mouth Technique
Open-mouth Technique
Technique
Maxillary Resorbed Ridge
DENTURE ADHESIVES
Disadvantages
Instruction to the Patient Regarding the Use
Available as:
Uses
EFFECTS OF DECREASED VERTICAL DIMENSION
Definition
Effects of Decreased Vertical Dimension
Inefficiency
Cheek Biting
Aesthetics
Muscular action
Angular Cheilitis or Perleche
Pain in Temporomandibular Joint
Impaired Hearing
EFFECTS OF INCREASED VERTICAL DIMENSION
Definition
Effects of Increasing the Vertical Dimension
BURNING MOUTH SYNDROME AND “DENTURE SORE MOUTH”
Common Complaints
Causative Factors
External Factors:
Internal Factors
Psychologic Factors
Treatment
A treatment regimen followed by Payne and others is:
CAMPER'S LINE
Significance
IMPORTANCE OF BALANCED OCCLUSION IN CD
Advantages of Bilateral Balanced Occlusion
Factors Affecting Occlusal Balance
Factors Affecting Protrusive Balance
Factors Affecting Lateral Balance:
POSTERIOR TOOTH FORMS
Classified as:
Advantage
Evaluation of Occlusal Forms
CLASSIFICATION OF MANDIBULAR MOVEMENTS
Functional
Parafunctional
Mandibular movements are also classified as:
Mandibular movements are also classified as:
Opening
Closing
Factors that Influence Mandibular Movements
Structures that Limit Mandibular Movement
Ligaments are:
In protrusion the mandibular movement is guided by:
In lateral movements, the mandible is guided by:
DENTURE STOMATITIS AND EPULIS FISSURATUM
Etiologic Factors
Common Complaints and Findings
Treatment of Denture Stomatitis
VERTICAL DIMENSION OF REST AND VERTICAL DIMENSION OF OCCLUSION
Significance of Vertical Relations
Recording Rest Position
Facial Measurements
Tactile Sense
Phonetics
Occlusion Position Recording:
Pre-extraction Records
Niswonger's Method
Closest-speaking Space
Swallowing Followed by Relaxing
Phonetics
Following are the Some of the Tests
ANTERIOR TEETH SELECTION
Size of Anterior Teeth
Size of the Face
Size of the Maxillary Arch
Incisal Papilla and the Cuspid Eminences or the Buccal Frenum
Maxillomandibular Relations
The Contour of the Residual Ridges
The Vertical Distance Between the Ridges
The Lips
Form of Anterior Teeth
The Form and Contour of the Face
Sex
Age
Colour or Shade of Anterior Teeth
BUCCAL SHELF
Extension
Boundaries
Attachments
Bone Quality
PARTS OF A FACE-BOW
Parts of Face-bow
Procedure
GRAPHIC METHODS
Graphic Methods are of Two Types
Factors Affecting Accuracy of Graphic Tracing
Arrow-point Tracing
Pantographic Tracing
Advantages
GOTHIC ARCH TRACERS
Types of Arrow Point Tracers (Based on the location of the tracer)
Procedure
Disadvantages
In Cases of Macroglossia
Advantages
HYBRID DENTURES/OVER-DENTURES
Advantages, Disadvantages and Indications:
Advantages
Disadvantages of an Overdenture
Indications for Overdenture Treatment
NON-ANATOMIC OR ZERO-DEGREE CUSPLESS TEETH
Inverted Cusp Tooth (Hall, 1929)
Disadvantages
True-Kusp (by Myerson in 1929)
“Chopping block” posteriors (1934, Nelson)
Non-lock (by Swenson 1939)
Vitalium Occlusal (by Hardy, in 1946)
“Shear-cusp” tooth by Myerson Tooth Corporation 1959
Coe Masticators (by Cook in 1952)
Disadvantages
Cutter-bar (Bader, in 1957)
Flat occlusal surfaces should have:
ARBITRARY SCRAPING OF MASTER CAST
Disadvantages
Under Extension
Underpostdamming
Overpostdamming
Overextension
SOFT TISSUE HYPERPLASIA / EPULIS FISSURATUM
Etiology
Treatment
SIGNIFICANCE OF CENTRIC RELATION (CR)
Definition
Significance of Centric Relation
PRE-EXTRACTION RECORDS
Types of Pre-extraction Records
Profile Photographs
Profile Radiographs
Disadvantages
Lead Wire Adaptation
Disadvantages:
Willis Gauge
Dakometer
Articulated Models
CENTRIC OCCLUSION VS CENTRIC RELATION
Definition
Differences
ANGULAR CHEILITIS/ANGULAR STOMATITIS
Etiology
Angular Cheilitis
Treatment
FIXED CONDYLAR ARTICULATORS
Types
Fixed Condylar Articulators
Different Names
Features
PHONETICS
Importance
Types of Speech Sounds
Labial Sounds (B, P, M)
Affected by:
Labiodental (F, V)
Affected by:
Dentoalveolar (“th” in these, this etc)
Affected by:
Alveolar (T, N, D, S) and Sibilants (sh, zh, ch and j)
Affected by:
Sibilants as sh, j, s:
Affected by:
Palatal and Velar sounds (Year, she)and velar (k, g)
TRANSFER BASES/RECORDING BASES
Criteria for Recording Bases
Types
For Temporary Bases four Materials are Used
Four Basic Materials Used for Permanent Bases are:
Ideal Base Material should be:
Shellac Recording Base Material
Autopolymerizing Resin Recording Base Materials
Sprinkle on Method
Vacuum-formed Bases
Cast Alloys
Advantages:
Disadvantage
Stabilisation of Recording Bases
RESIDUAL RIDGE RESORPTION
Pathology
Bone Loss can be Classified as:
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Anatomic Factors
Metabolic Factors
Age
Systemic Factors
Local Factors
Sex
Hormonal
Vitamins
Mechanical Factors
Prosthetic Factors
Management of Residual Ridge Resorption
IMPLANT BIOMATERIALS
Advantages of ceramic biomaterials over the other materials are:
Disadvantages
CHANGES IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS
Epidemiology
Problems
Age changes are classified into:
Physiological Changes
Oral Aspects of Aging
Psychological Changes
Pathological Changes
Prosthetic Problems
Complete Denture Construction
Impression
Vertical Dimension
Centric Relation
Posterior Tooth Selection
Adjustments
BENNETT MOVEMENT AND BENNETT ANGLE (NORMAN G BENNETT, 1908)
Bennett Movement
Factors Affecting Bennett Movement
Types of Bennett Movement in Relation to the Forward Movement of Nonworking Condyle
Effects of Bennett Movement on Cusp Paths
Methods of Recording Bennett Movement
Bennett Angle
OVERJET AND OVERBITE
Values
PREPROSTHETIC SURGERY/MOUTH PREPARATION IN COMPLETE DENTURES
Bony Augmentation Procedures:
Implants
COMBINATION SYNDROME
Clinical Features (By Kelly)
Timothy and Saunders added a few more findings in 1979:
Explanation
Common Causes
Treatment
Prevention
GAGGING
Definition
Classification of Etiology (Daniel J. Canny)
Systemic Factors
Psychological Factors
Physiological Factors
Biomechanical Aspects
Iatrogenic
Management
INDEX
TOC
Index
×
Chapter Notes
Save
Clear