Index

Mastering the Techniques of Presbyopia Surgery Jairo E Hoyos, Ashok Garg, Roberto Pinelli, Matteo Piovella

SECTION ONE: PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION AND PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS
1:Physiology of Presbyopia and Its Clinical Relevance
- DEFINITION
- RATE OF LOSS OF ACCOMMODATION
- CHANGES WITH AGE
- IN VIVO VISUALIZATION OF ACCOMMODATIVE STRUCTURES
- MEASURING OF ACCOMMODATION
  - Subjective
  - Objective
    - Hartinger Coincidence Refractometer
    - Pilocarpine
- THEORIES OF PRESBYOPIA
- CURRENT TREATMENT MODALITIES FOR PRESBYOPIA
2:Patient Selection and Preoperative Examination in Presbyopic LASIK
- INTRODUCTION
- MEDICAL HISTORY
- LASIK
3:Details Help Improve the Outcomes in LASIK
- PRELIMINARIES
- FLAP MAKING
- FLAP RAISING
- LASER ABLATION
- FLAP REPOSITIONING
4:Need for Retina Examination: Pre-LASIK
- INTRODUCTION
- METHODS OF RETINAL EVALUATION
- WHAT IS THE RISK?
- MECHANISM OF RETINAL CHANGES DURING LASIK
- IS PROPHYLACTIC PHOTOCOAGULATION A MUST?
- CONCLUSION
5:VHF Digital Ultrasound Scanning in Refractive Surgery
- INTRODUCTION: THE ARTEMIS VHF DIGITAL ULTRASOUND ARC B-SCANNER
- ARTEMIS TECHNOLOGY
- CLINICAL UTILITY
  - 2D B-Scan Imaging
  - 3D Reinstein C12 Diagnostic Display
- PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT
  - Corneal Thickness Profile: Minimum Thickness and Screening for Keratoconus
- POSTOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT WITH ARTEMIS TECHNOLOGY: TRUE DIAGNOSIS AFTER LASIK AND OPTIMAL TREATMENT PLANNING
- A NOTE ON PHAKIC IOL SURGERY
- CONCLUSION
6:Preoperative Evaluation of the Anterior Chamber for Phakic IOLs with the AC OCT
- INTRODUCTION
- OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY TECHNOLOGY FOR THE ANTERIOR CHAMBER
- INTEREST OF THE AC OCT AND THE STUDY OF ACCOMMODATION WHEN IMPLANTING PHAKIC IOLs
- SUMMARY
7:The Laser Microkeratome
- INTRODUCTION
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- RESULTS
- RECOMMENDATIONS
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
8:IntraLase FS Laser to Create Corneal Flaps: All Laser Procedure
- INTRODUCTION
- INTRALASIK: DECREASE ENHANCEMENT RATES AND LESS HIGH ORDER ABERRATIONS INDUCED
- DISCUSSION
SECTION TWO: PRESBYOPIA CORRECTION TECHNIQUES (LENTICULAR, CORNEAL AND SCLERAL MODIFICATIONS)
9:Humanoptics Accommodating IOL
- INTRODUCTION
- HUMANOPTICS
- AKKOMMODATIVE 1 CU IOL
- MECHANISM OF ACTION
- BIOMETRY
- SURGICAL TECHNIQUE
- POSTOPERATIVE CARE
10:Pseudoaccommodative ReSTOR IOL to Correct Defocus and Presbyopia in Refractive Lens Exchange
- INTRODUCTION
11:Restoration of Accommodation by Refilling the Lens Capsule Following Endocapsular Phacoemulsification
- INTRODUCTION
- LENS REFILLING PROCEDURE USING AN INFLATABLE ENDOCAPSULAR BALLOON
  - Surgical Procedure
    - Preparation of Endocapsular Balloons
    - Lens Refilling Procedure
  - Results
    - Success Rate of the Procedure
    - Amplitude of Accommodation Measured by Automated Refractometry
- CONCLUSION
- LENS REFILLING PROCEDURE USING A PLUG
- DISCUSSION
12:No Anesthesia Cataract Surgery with the Karate Chop Technique
- INTRODUCTION
- NUCLEUS REMOVAL TECHNIQUES
- KARATE CHOP
- SOFT CATARACTS
- AGARWAL CHOPPER
- OUR KARATE CHOP TECHNIQUE
- NO ANESTHESIA CLEAR LENS EXTRACTION
- PHACODYNAMICS OF THE PHACO CHOP TECHNIQUE
- ADVANTAGES
- DISADVANTAGES
- TOPICAL ANESTHESIA CATARACT/ CLEAR LENS SURGERY
- NO ANESTHESIA CATARACT/ CLEAR LENS SURGERY
- BLURHEX (TRYPAN BLUE) IN MATURE CATARACTS
- AIR PUMP TO PREVENT SURGE
- CONCLUSION
13:Phakonit
- HISTORY
- PRINCIPLE
- TERMINOLOGY
- SYNONYMS
- TECHNIQUE OF PHAKONIT FOR CATARACTS
- ANTI-CHAMBER COLLAPSER
- THINOPTX ROLLABLE IOL
  - Lens Insertion Technique
  - Topography
- ACRITEC IOL
  - Lens Loading Technique
  - Lens Insertion Technique
- THREE-PORT PHAKONIT
- LASER PHAKONIT
- AC STABILITY IN PHAKONIT
- SUMMARY
14:“Newlife” Multifocal Phakic Implant for the Correction of Presbyopia
- INTRODUCTION
- NEWLIFE BIFOCAL PHAKIC IMPLANT
- ANTERIOR CHAMBER DIMENSION
  - Internal Diameter
  - Anterior Chamber Depth
- SURGICAL TECHNIQUES
- RESULTS
- ANATOMICAL RESULTS—INCIDENTS AND COMPLICATIONS
- SUMMARY
15:Phakic Intraocular Surgery in Hyperopia
- INTRODUCTION
- CHALLENGES IN HYPEROPES
- LASIK VS PHAKIC IOLs IN HYPEROPIA
- CONTRAINDICATIONS TO PIOL
- PROPER SELECTION AND ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS
  - Preoperative Assessment
- CHOICE OF LENSES
- SPECIFIC COMPLICATIONS IN HYPEROPIC ARTISAN LENS IMPLANTATION
16:New Accommodating IOL for Presbyopia
- INTRODUCTION
- LENS WELL-TOLERATED
- ADDITIONAL UNDISCOVERED MECHANISMS
17:The Light Adjustable Lens
- THE IDEAL PSEUDOPHAKIC LENS
- LIGHT ADJUSTABLE LENS (LAL)
- MODULATING REFRACTIVE POWER
- ANIMAL STUDIES
- RESOLUTION
- REFRACTIVE LENS EXCHANGE
- HIGHER ORDER ABERRATIONS
- FINAL COMMENTS
18:Refractive Lens Exchange
- SYNOPSIS
- ABSTRACT
- TECHNIQUE
- RESULTS
- DISCUSSION
19:Multifocal Refractive Lenses
- INTRODUCTION
- MULTIFOCAL IOLS
  - Diffractive IOLs
  - Refractive Multifocal IOL Implant
    - Older Models of Two or Three Zone Refraction Type of IOL
    - Accommodative IOLs
- MULTIFOCAL IOLS AND MICROINCISION CATARACT SURGERY
20:Clear Lens Extraction
- INTRODUCTION
- HIGH MYOPIA
- HIGH HYPEROPIA
- CONCLUSION
- PRESBYOPIA
- ICU/IOL
21:Presbyopic LASIK
- INTRODUCTION
- PREVIOUS EXCIMER LASER TECHNIQUES
- HISTORY
- PRINCIPLE
- PROLATE AND OBLATE CORNEA
- TECHNIQUE
- KERATOMETRY AND PACHYMETRY
- ASTIGMATISM
- SUMMARY
22:Presbyopia Treatment with LASIK PARM (Presbyopia Avalos Rozakis Method)
- INTRODUCTION
- PARM EVALUATION OF 52 EYES
  - Pre- and Post-Treatment using the VISX S4 Excimer Laser
23:Presby-LASIK for Myopia and Hyperopia “A New Optical Theory: The Hypermultifocality of Cornea”
- INTRODUCTION
  - Theorical Basement
- PRESBY-LASIK TECHNIQUE
- RESULTS
- DISCUSSION
- CONCLUSION
24:Conductive Keratoplasty for the Treatment of Hyperopia and Presbyopia
- INTRODUCTION
- TREATMENT EFFECTS
- PERFORMING CONDUCTIVE KERATOPLASTY
- CLINICAL STUDY RESULTS
  - Hyperopia Treatment
  - Presbyopia Treatment
- CONCLUSIONS
25:LASIK for Hyperopic Astigmatism
- INTRODUCTION
  - Treatment
- LASIK TECHNIQUES FOR HYPEROPIC ASTIGMATISM
- BITORIC ABLATION ACCORDING TO THE CIGALES-HOYOS BITORIC RULE
- CONCLUSION
26:Conductive Keratoplasty
- INTRODUCTION
- HISTORY
- THE CK SYSTEM
- THE NEARVISION CK PROCEDURE
- CLINICAL RESULTS
- SUMMARY
27:Aberrometric Correction of Presbyopia: Theory and Results (MEL 70-WASCA, MEL 80-CRS-MASTER) PRK LASIK
- PRESBYOPIA AND ACCOMMODATION
- SPHERICAL ABERRATION
  - The Eye and the Spherical Aberration
- RESULTS
28:Surgical Reversal of Presbyopia
- INTRODUCTION
- INCONGRUENCIES IN THE HELMHOLTZ'S THEORY
- SUMMARY OF SCHACHAR'S THEORY OF ACCOMMODATION
- THE HISTORY, DEVELOPMENT, PROBLEMS AND RESULTS OF THE SCLERAL EXPANSION BAND
- SURGICAL REVERSAL OF PRESBYOPIA (SRP)
- SUMMARY
29:Scleral Implant for Correcting Presbyopia
- INTRODUCTION
- RESTOR VISION IMPLANT
- PRECISE IMPLANTATION
- SCLERAL EROSION
- READING IMPLANT
- REVERSIBLE
30:Correction of Hyperopia by Laser Thermokeratoplasty (LTK)
- BACKGROUND AND DEVELOPMENT
- BASIC PRINCIPLES OF LTK
- PATIENT SELECTION
- SURGICAL PROCEDURE
- CLINICAL RESULTS
- COMPLICATIONS
- LTK FOR PRK-INDUCED HYPEROPIA
- LTK FOR LASIK-INDUCED HYPEROPIA
- CURRENT INDICATIONS FOR NONCONTACT LTK
SECTION THREE: COMPLICATIONS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT
31:Lasik Complications and Their Management
- INTRODUCTION
- MICROKERATOME COMPLICATIONS
- LASER COMPLICATIONS
  - Decentred Ablation
  - Central Islands
- POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS
32:Complications of Phakic IOLs
- INTRODUCTION
- TYPES OF PHAKIC IOLS
- COMPLICATIONS OF PHAKIC IOLS
33:Sands of Sahara or Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis (DLK)
- DISEASE ENTITY
- CLINICAL FEATURES
- HATSIS CLASSIFICATION OF “SANDS OF SAHARA SYNDROME”4 (Figs 33.6 to 33.10)
- ETIOLOGY
- DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
- MANAGEMENT—PREVENTION
- MANAGEMENT—TREATMENT
- CONCLUSION
SECTION FOUR: RECENT ADVANCES AND FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS IN PRESBYOPIA CORRECTION
34:Presbyopic LASIK
- INTRODUCTION
- THE RUIZ MASKED APPROACH TO PRESBYOPIC LASIK
  - The Ruiz PMMA Mask Technique
- THE THEO SEILER MONOVISION OPTION
- THE MULTIZONE ABLATION TECHNIQUE OF GABRIEL OLIVEROS OF COLUMBIA
- THE HYPERBOLIC MULTIFOCAL PROFILE CONCEPT OF DR JORGE ALIO
- McGRATH AND REINSTEIN “BLENDED” VISION CONCEPT
  - Prospective Study
    - High Patient Satisfaction
  - Enhancements Often Necessary
- THE MULTIZONE ABLATION TECHNIQUE OF DR MEHTA
  - In Summary
35:Solid-state Lasers for Refractive Surgery
- INTRODUCTION
- KATANA, SOLID-STATE UV LASER FOR REFRACTIVE SURGERY SINCE 2003
- CLINICAL EXPERIENCE
- SOLID-STATE LASERS VS EXCIMER LASERS
- CONCLUSION
36:The Femtosecond Laser—A New Tool in Corneal Surgery
- INTRODUCTION
- FEMTOSECOND LASER
- DISCUSSION
- CONCLUSION
37:Presbyopic Multifocal LASIK (PML): A New Approach in Corneal Refractive Surgery
- INTRODUCTION
- APPROACHES TO THE SURGICAL CORRECTION OF PRESBYOPIA
- THE PML™ PROCEDURE
- RESULTS
- PEARLS AND LESSONS LEARNED
38:Futuristic Lenses for Refractive Lens Surgery
- INTRODUCTION
39:Catarefractive Surgery—A Next Step
- INTRODUCTION
  - Concept
  - Bimanual Microphaco
- HISTORY
  - Bimanual Phaco
  - Astigmatism Keratotomy
- CONCLUSION
  - Bimanual Microphaco
  - Catarefractive Surgery
40:Corneal Biomechanics Customisation
- INTRODUCTION
- CUSTOMISATION
- BIOMECHANICAL MODEL
- CLINICAL DEDUCTIONS FROM BIOMECHANICAL STUDIES
- WHY THE NEED FOR DEVICES TO MEASURE CORNEAL BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES
- NEW DEVICES TO MEASURE CORNEAL BIOMECHANICS
- THE FUTURE
41:VisioDynamics Theory: A Biomechanical Application for the Aging Eye and LaserACE™ Natural Vision Restoration
- INTRODUCTION
  - VisioDynamics: Biomechanical Model for the Aging Ocular Organ
- BIOMECHANICAL IMPACT OF AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN OCULAR TISSUE
- BIOMECHANICAL SOLUTIONS FOR THE AGING OCULAR ORGAN
- LASERACE™ NATURAL VISION RESTORATION SURGICAL SOLUTIONS

INDEX

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Index

Chapter Notes