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© 2006, Sanjay Saraf

All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the editor and the publisher.

First Edition : 2006

Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit

Printed at Gopson Papers Ltd, A-14, Section 60, Noida

The Textbook of Oral Pathology is concerned with the science of Oral Pathology. Most dental students are not going to become Oral Pathologists. It is nevertheless essential that the dental school curriculum should include a course of Oral Pathology, which provides a clear account of the causes, where these are known, and of pathological changes of the more important diseases. Thus, appreciation of pathological processes of disease aids in correct interpretation, diagnosis, research and treatment planning.

The subject of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology is a branch of Dentistry and Pathology that deals with identification of diseases of oral and maxillofacial region. It constitutes the basic step and a necessary adjunct (along with other diagnostic means) towards a correct diagnosis of a disease or pathology. The study of this subject at the outset involves the study of etiology of a disease; its nature; course; mode of progression and adverse impact on the morphology and normal functioning of human body. The essence of this science lies in unraveling the ugly marks of a disease at macroscopic and microscopic levels. A correct identification and diagnosis of a disease at cellular level along with clinical, radiological, and biochemical analysis will contribute to correct management of a disease.

I am extremely thankful to the contributors of this textbook for the efforts put in by them, viz. Dr Ranjana Gondal (Professor of Pathology, GB Pant Hospital, New Delhi), Dr Kanwarjit Singh (Assistant Professor of Periodontics, MADC and H, New Delhi), Dr Pankaj Goel (Assistant Professor of Community Dentistry, MADC and H, New Delhi), and Dr Sujata Mohanty (Assistant Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, MADC and H, New Delhi). I am also indebted to the following people for their timely and much needed help in writing this textbook, viz. Dr SC Mittal (Deputy Director, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, New Delhi), Dr (Mrs) Alka Kale (Vice Principal, KLE Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum) and Dr Seema H, (Associate Professor of Oral Pathology, KLE Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum). I also express my sincere thanks to Dr Sushmita Saxena (Professor of Oral Pathology, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Meerut), Dr Keya Sircar (Professor and Head, DJs College of Dental Science and Hospital, Modinagar), and Dr Meera Chaudhary (Lecturer, MADC and H, New Delhi) for proofreading the text. This textbook would not have been accomplished if much needed help would not have come from Dr Passi, Dr Sahoo, Dr Alok, Dr Panki Datta, Dr Vikas Malhotra and Dr Aditi. I acknowledge all the help provided by interns and junior residents of MADC and H, New Delhi towards proofreading of the text. I also thank Mr Pratap for providing me the journals and books in National Medical Library, New Delhi.