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Surgery–10 Roshan Lall Gupta

1:Glimpses of Progress in Surgery
- STEM CELL RESEARCH
  - Embryonic Stem Cells
  - Adult Stem Cells
    - Cardiac Regeneration with Adult Stem Cells
  - Stem Cells and Brain Repair
  - Other Sources for Stem Cells
  - Problems with the Therapeutic Use of Stem Cell
- REFERENCES
- NON-HEARTBEATING KIDNEY DONORS
- REFERENCES
- LIVE DONOR LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
- REFERENCES
- EVIDENCE-BASED SURGERY
- REFERENCES
- ROBOTICS IN SURGERY
- REFERENCES
- SURGERY FOR CONJOINED TWINS
- REFERENCES
- SURGERY FOR FACIAL PALSY
- REFERENCE
- REFERENCE
- REFERENCE
- CHEMOPREVENTION OF CANCER
  - Role of Certain Natural Products
- REFERENCES
- TREATMENT OF ANEMIA FOR PATIENTS RECEIVING RADIOTHERAPY
- REFERENCES
- POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (PET)
  - Cancer Imaging of The Future
- REFERENCES
- PET SCAN IN CARCINOMA ESOPHAGUS
- REFERENCES
- HEPATIC IMAGING
- REFERENCES
- CANCER ESOPHAGUS – SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE
- REFERENCES
- CYFRA 21-1: A SENSITIVE TUMOR MARKER FOR ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CANCER
- REFERENCES
- FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY OF NECK LUMPS
- REFERENCES
- SENTINEL NODE BIOPSY IN OPERABLE BREAST CANCER
- REFERENCES
- MULTIPLE MYELOMA—THALIDOMIDE-DEXAMETHASONE AS A PRIMARY THERAPY
- REFERENCES
- GASTRIC CARCINOIDS
- REFERENCES
- ASYMPTOMATIC GALLSTONES
- REFERENCE
- MIRIZZI SYNDROME—A DIAGNOSTIC AND OPERATIVE CHALLENGE
- REFERENCES
- EARLY POSTOPERATIVE SMALL BOWEL OBSTRUCTION
- REFERENCES
- PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
- REFERENCES
- THYROID EYE DISEASE
- REFERENCES
- SURGICAL CARE PRACTITIONERS
- REFERENCES
- SURGICAL TRAINING IN THE UK
- REFERENCE
- INTERNATIONAL PROSTATE SYMPTOM SCORE (IPSS): ITS ROLE IN PREDICTING POSTOPERATIVE ACUTE URINARY RETENTION IN MALE PATIENTS UNDERGOING MAJOR SURGERY
- REFERENCE
- MANNED MISSION TO MARS
- REFERENCES
- SARS AND THE BIRD FLU
- REFERENCES
- CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE (CJD)
- REFERENCE
2:Evidence-based Surgery
- INTRODUCTION
- ACUTE ABDOMEN
  - Pain
- INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
- APPENDICITIS
  - What is not Appendicitis?
- GALLSTONES
- ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS
- ERCP
  - Lapchole
  - Sphincterotomy
- BILE DUCT INJURIES
- ACUTE PANCREATITIS
- PANCREATIC CYSTS
  - Infected Pseudocysts
- CHRONIC PANCREATITIS
- PANCREATIC CANCER
- HERNIA
- CONCLUSION
- FUTURE
3:Multidisciplinary Therapy in Cancer
- INTRODUCTION
- THE BIOLOGIC BASIS OF MULTIMODALITY THERAPY
- THERAPEUTIC BASIS OF MULTIMODALITY THERAPY
- APPROACH TO ADVANCED AND METASTATIC DISEASE
- COMPONENTS OF THE MULTIDISCIPLINARY ONCOLOGY TEAM
- MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH AND CLINICAL TRIALS
- MULTIDISCIPLINARY THERAPY OF INDIVIDUAL CANCERS—SOME EXAMPLES
4:Recent Advances in Control and Prophylaxis of Surgical Infections
- INTRODUCTION
- CRITERIA FOR DEFINING SSIs AS PER CDC2
- MICROBIOLOGY AND ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF SSIs
- DEFINITIVE ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY
- RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTION OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS (SSI)
- ROLE OF ENVIRONMENT/AIR IN DAY-TO-DAY SURGERY
- STERILIZATION AND DISINFECTION OF DEVICES USED ON PATIENTS
- ISSUES IN CSSD: SHELF-LIFE OF CSSD MATERIAL FOR USE IN HOSPITAL
  - Event-related Sterility
  - Time-related Sterility
- STERILIZATION/DISINFECTION OF ENDOSCOPES
- ANTIMICROBIAL PROPHYLAXIS
- CONCLUSION
5:Medical Informatics
- INTRODUCTION
- HOSPITAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (HIS)
- COMPUTERS IN HEALTH EDUCATION
- TELEMEDICINE
- TECHNOLOGY AND FINANCE
- ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD (EMR)
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- FURTHER READING
6:Fetal Surgery
- INTRODUCTION
- SELECTION CRITERIA
- MATERNAL-FETAL RISKS
- FETAL SURGICAL TECHNIQUES
  - Open Fetal Surgery
  - Minimal Access Fetal Surgery-FETENDO
- FETAL MALFORMATIONS AMENABLE TO SURGICAL CORRECTION
- FUTURE OF FETAL SURGERY
- FETAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH
7:Bariatric Surgery
- INTRODUCTION
- OBESITY AND ITS SIDE EFFECTS
  - Morbidity of Obesity (Table 7.2)
- MANAGEMENT OF MORBID OBESITY
- BARIATRIC PROCEDURES
- NEWER PROCEDURES
- IMPROVEMENT IN CO-MORBIDITIES
- CONCLUSION
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
8:Common Inguinoscrotal Problems in Children
- INTRODUCTION
- INDIRECT INGUINAL HERNIA
- HYDROCELE
- UNDESCENDED TESTIS (UDT) CRYPTORCHIDISM
- OTHER TESTICULAR ANOMALIES
9:The Evolution of Surgery for Inguinal Hernia
- INTRODUCTION
  - The Preperitoneal Approach
  - Laparoscopic Hernia Repair
- CLASSIFICATION OF GROIN HERNIAS
- SALIENT FEATURES OF HERNIA SURGERY
- PROSTHETIC MATERIAL USED IN HERNIA SURGERY
- WHICH OPEN REPAIR AND WHEN?
- LAPAROSCOPIC HERNIA REPAIR
- COMPARISON OF TAPP AND TEP REPAIR
- LAPAROSCOPIC VERSUS OPEN REPAIR
- INDICATIONS FOR LAPAROSCOPIC REPAIR AND WHO SHOULD BE DOING IT?
10:Benign Breast Disease—A Neglected Entity
- INTRODUCTION
- THE ANDI CLASSIFICATION
- BREAST LUMPS
- BREAST CYSTS
- GALACTOCELE
- MASTALGIA
  - Etiology of Mastalgias
  - Management of Mastalgia
- NIPPLE DISCHARGE
- MAMMOGRAPHICALLY-INDETERMINATE LESIONS
- IMAGE-GUIDED BIOPSY IN INDETERMINATE LESIONS
11:Postmastectomy Breast Reconstruction
- INTRODUCTION
- AIM OF BREAST RECONSTRUCTION
- TIMING OF RECONSTRUCTION
  - Immediate Breast Reconstruction
  - Delayed Reconstruction
- BREAST RECONSTRUCTION USING AN IMPLANT
  - Safety of Implants
- BREAST RECONSTRUCTION WITH AUTOLOGOUS TISSUE (FLAP RECONSTRUCTION)
  - Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous (TRAM) Flap
    - Technique of Raising TRAM Flap
  - Latissimus Dorsii (LD) Flap
- NIPPLE-AREOLA RECONSTRUCTION
12:Laparoscopic Surgery during Pregnancy
- INTRODUCTION
- PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN PREGNANCY
- TIMING OF SURGERY
- CERTAIN LAPAROSCOPIC PROCEDURES PERFORMED DURING PREGNANCY
- TECHNICAL RECOMMENDATIONS
13:Laparoscopic Surgery for Colorectal Cancer
- INTRODUCTION
- GENERAL ISSUES IN LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY
- RETRIEVAL OF SPECIMEN
- LAPAROSCOPIC RESECTION FOR RECTAL CANCERS SPECIAL POINTS
  - Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH) Experience
- CONCLUSION
14:Non-ulcer Dyspepsia: Current Concepts in Diagnosis and Management
- INTRODUCTION
- ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF NON-ULCER DYSPEPSIA
- APPROACH TO DIAGNOSIS
- MANAGEMENT OF NON-ULCER DYSPEPSIA
15:Cholangiocarcinoma: A Review of Current Practice
- INTRODUCTION
- EPIDEMIOLOGY
- RISK FACTORS
- MOLECULAR PATHOGENESIS
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION
- PRESENTATION
- SERUM AND BILE MARKERS
- INVESTIGATIONS
- TISSUE DIAGNOSIS
- STAGING
- TREATMENT
- RESULTS
16:Approach to Obstructive Jaundice
- INTRODUCTION
- DEFINITION
- INVESTIGATIONS
  - Liver Function Tests
  - Tumor Markers
- RECENT ADVANCES IN MANAGEMENT, RADIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AND TREATMENT
  - Ultrasonography (USG)
- CT-SCAN, MRCP, EUS, ERCP, PTC
17:Recent Advances in Gastric Cancer
- INTRODUCTION
- ETIOLOGY
- PATHOLOGY
- SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF GASTRIC CANCER
- INVESTIGATIONS AND EVALUATION
- TREATMENT
- SUMMARY
- ACKNOWLEDGMENT
18:Enterocutaneous Fistula
- INTRODUCTION
- ETIOLOGY
- CLASSIFICATION
  - Anatomical Classification
- CLASSIFICATION OF FISTULA ACCORDING TO OUTPUT
- PHYSIOPATHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS PRODUCED BY FISTULA
- NONSURGICAL MANAGEMENT
- SURGERY
- POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS
- PROGNOSIS
19:Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism
- ETIOPATHOLOGY
- CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
- TREATMENT
- CAUSES OF RECURRENT HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
- FUTURE DIRECTIONS
20:Venous Ulcer: Current Perspectives
- INTRODUCTION
- CHRONIC VENOUS INSUFFICIENCY (CVI) – PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
- INVESTIGATIONS
- EVALUATION OF CLINICAL PARAMETERS
- TREATMENT OPTIONS
  - Compression Therapy
  - Topical Therapy
- SURGICAL OPTIONS
- CONCLUSION
21:Surgical Education and Training – New Trends*
- INTRODUCTION
- PROBLEMS OF OLD STYLE TRAINING
- THE CURRENT SURGICAL TRAINING: ITS EVOLUTION
- REASONS FOR CHANGES: STREAMLINING THE SYSTEM
- CHANGES IN THE CURRENT SYSTEM
- STRUCTURED TRAINING: MODERNIZING MEDICAL CAREERS (MMC)
- STRUCTURED EDUCATION
- CONFLICTS
- THE FUTURE

INDEX

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Chapter Notes