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Root Canal Treatment
Vivek Hegde, Gurkeerat Singh
CHAPTER 1:
Introduction
CHAPTER 2:
Rationale for Endodontics
CHAPTER 3:
Principles of Endodontic Treatment
PRINCIPLE 1: ISOLATION
Advantages of the Rubber Dam
PRINCIPLE 2: STERILIZATION OF INSTRUMENTS
Sterilization
Disinfection
PRINCIPLE 3: DEBRIDEMENT
PRINCIPLE 4: DRAINAGE
PRINCIPLE 5:CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS
PRINCIPLE 6: IMMOBILIZATION
PRINCIPLE 7:MINIMAL TRAUMA
CHAPTER 4:
Diagnosis
CHAPTER 5:
Access Cavity Preparation
ARMAMENTARIUM NEEDED IN ADDITION TO THE BASIC DIAGNOSTIC SET
ACCESS CAVITIES IN INDIVIDUAL TEETH
Maxillary Teeth
Maxillary Central Incisor (Fig. 5.6)
Maxillary Lateral Incisor (Fig. 5.7)
Maxillary Canine (Fig. 5.8)
Maxillary First Premolar (Fig. 5.9)
Maxillary First Molar (Fig. 5.11)
Maxillary Second Molar (Fig. 5.12)
Maxillary Third Molar (Fig. 5.13)
Mandibular Teeth
Mandibular Incisors (Fig. 5.14)
Mandibular Canine (Fig. 5.15)
Mandibular Premolar (Fig. 5.16)
Mandibular First Molar (Fig. 5.17)
Mandibular Second Molar (Fig. 5.18)
Mandibular Third Molar (Fig. 5.19)
CHAPTER 6:
Assessment of Working Length (Endometrics)
TACTILE METHOD
TACTILE AND RADIOGRAPHIC METHOD
INGLE's METHOD (FIG. 6.4)
GROSSMAN's METHOD
WEINE's MODIFICATION (FIG. 6.5)
Grid Technique (Fig. 6.6)
Electronic Method (Fig. 6.7)
Resistance Method (First Generation Apex Locators)
Impedance Method (Second Generation Apex Locators)
Frequency Ratio Method (Third Generation Apex Locators)
Advantages of Electronic Technique
Disadvantages of Electronic Technique
CHAPTER 7:
Irrigants and Intracanal Medicaments
METHOD OF IRRIGATION
Intracanal Medicaments
Calcium Hydroxide (Figs 7.6a to c)
CHAPTER 8:
Biomechanical Preparation
RULES GOVERNING BIOMECHANICAL PREPARATION
INSTRUMENT STANDARDIZATION
Classification
CONVENTIONAL METHOD OF BIOMECHANICAL PREPARATION
TECHNIQUES FOR CLEANING AND SHAPING
Step Back Technique (Figs 8.2a and b)
Step Down Technique (Figs 8.3a and b)
Balanced Force Technique (Fig. 8.4)
Advantages of Step Back Technique
Advantage of Step Down Techniques
GREATER TAPER INSTRUMENTS (Figs 8.5a and b)
NICKEL TITANIUM INSTRUMENTS (Figs 8.6a to e)
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHEN USING NICKEL-TITANIUM
ROTARY INSTRUMENTATION
Gates Glidden Drill (Fig. 8.7) and Peeso-Reamers (Fig. 8.8)
CHAPTER 9:
Sealers and Obturating Materials
ROOT CANAL SEALERS
Zinc Oxide-Based Cements
Zinc Oxide Eugenol:
Tubliseal (Kerr, Romulus, MI, USA)
Wach's Cement
Nogenol
Calcium Hydroxide-Based Cements as Sealers
CRCS (Calcibiotic Root Canal Sealer)
Sealapex (Kerr)
Life
Apexit (Ivoclar-Vivadet, Lichtenstein) Vitapex
MCS (Medicated Canal Sealer)
PLASTICS AND RESINS (Fig. 9.1)
Diaket
AH-26 (Dentsply, Konstanz, Germany)
AH-Plus (Dentsply, Konstanz, Germany)
NEWER MATERIALS
MATERIALS USED IN OBTURATION
SOLID-CORE MATERIALS
GUTTA PERCHA (Figs 9.2a and b)
COMPOSITION
SOLVENTS OF GUTTA PERCHA (Fig. 9.3)
CHAPTER 10:
Obturation of the Radicular Space
OBJECTIVES
METHODS OF OBTURATING THE ROOT CANAL SPACE
Lateral Compaction of Cold Gutta Percha (Fig. 10.5 and Table 10.1)
Spreader Size Determination
Primary Point Size Determination (Fig. 10.6a)
Drying the Canal (Figs 10.6b and c)
Mixing and Placement of the Sealer
Placement of the Master Point
MULTIPLE – POINT OBTURATION WITH LATERAL COMPACTION
INDEX
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