Editors
VP Choudhry
MD, FIAP, FIMSA, FIACM, FISHTM
Professor and Head, Department of Haematology All India Institute of Medical Sciences,
New Delhi,
India
Honorary Consultant, Armed Forces Medical Services Former Director, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health,
Kabul, Afghanistan
Former President, Indian Society of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine
Former President, Paediatric Haematology Oncology, Chapter of Indian Academy of Paediatrics
Founder Secretary and President, Delhi Society of Haematology
Medical Advisor, Federation of Indian Thalassemics, National Thalassemia Welfare Society
Editor, Indian Journal of Paediatrics, Thalassemia Care and Control in the New Millennium, Thalassemia Perspective, National Thalassemia Bulletin
Renu Saxena
MD, FIMSA
Professor, Department of Haematology All India Institute of Medical Sciences,
New Delhi, India
President, Delhi Society of Haematology (2005–07), Executive Member of ISHTM, Fellow International Medical Sciences Academy
Coordinator, ISHTM, AIIMS EQAP Programme
Ex-editor, Delhi Society of Haematology, Newsletter
HP Pati
MD, FIMSA, FISHTM
Professor, Department of Haematology All India Institute of Medical Sciences,
New Delhi, India
General Secretary, ISHTM
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Recent Advances in Hematology-2
© 2006, VP Choudhry, Renu Saxena, HP Pati
All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the editors and the publisher.
This book has been published in good faith that the material provided by contributors is original. Every effort is made to ensure accuracy of material, but the publisher, printer and editors will not be held responsible for any inadvertent error(s). In case of any dispute, all legal matters are to be settled under Delhi jurisdiction only.
First Edition: 2006
9788180618758
Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit
Printed at Gopsons Papers Ltd, Sector 60, Noida
fm5Contributors
- Sarfraz Ahmad
- Florida Hospital Cancer Institute
- 2501, North Orange Avenue
- Orlando, Florida 32804, USA
- J Ahluwalia, MD
- Associate Professor
- Department of Hematology
- PGI, Chandigarh
- Mona Anand, MD
- Assistant Professor Pathology
- ACTREC, Tata Memorial Center,
- Mumbai
- J Bhattacharyya, DM
- Assistant Professor
- Guwahati Medical College
- Guwahati
- Rodger R Bick, MD, PhD
- University of Texas,
- Southwest Medical School,
- Dallas, Texas
- Lt. Col Tathagat Chatterjee, DM
- Classified Specialist (PATH)
- Dept. of Pathology
- Command Hospital (EC)
- Alipore, Kolkata – 700027
- NK Chaturvedi
- Professor and Consultant in Pathology,
- Dr RML Hospital,
- New Delhi
- VP Choudhry
- Professor and Head
- Department of Hematology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi – 110029
- Jawed Fareed
- Department of Pathology
- Loyola University Medical Center 2160 S, First Avenue
- Maywood, Illinois 60153
- G Garewal
- Professor and Head,
- Department of Hematology
- PGI, Chandigarh, India
- Satkiran S Grewal, MD
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Maroow Transplantation
- University of Minnesota
- 420 Delaware Street SE, MMC 477
- Minneapolis MN 55455
- Gayatri Ghadiok
- Department of Hematology,
- Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi
- Vikas Gupta
- MD, MRCP(UK), MRCPath
- Leukemia/Blood and Marrow Transplant Program
- Princess Margaret Hospital
- University of Toronto
- Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology
- Loyola University Chicago
- 2160 S, First Avenue
- Maywood, Illinois 60153
- Monika Jain
- Senior Resident,
- Department of Hematology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi – 110029
- Rajiv Kumar, MD
- Professor of Hematology,
- Laboratory Oncology Unit, AIIMS, New Delhi
- Rajat Kumar
- Professor, Department of Hematology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi – 110029
- Meganathan Kannan, MSc
- Hematology Department,
- AIIMS, New Delhi
- Pravas Mishra, MD, DM
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Hematology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi – 110029
- M Mahapatra, MD
- Associate Professor
- Department of Hematology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi – 110029
- Judith CW Marsh, BSc, MB ChB,
- FRCP, FRCPath, MD
- Professor of Clinical Haematology,
- Department of Haematology,
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine,
- St George's University of London, Crammer Terrace,
- London SW17 ORE, UK
- Rahul Naithani, MD
- Department of Hematology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi – 110029
- HP Pati, MD
- Professor of Hematology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi – 110029
- Inusha Panigrahi, DM
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Genetics
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Research, Chandigarh, India
- Shruti Prem, MD
- DM Student
- Department of Hematology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi – 110029
- BB Rewari,
- Senior Physician, DR RML Hospital
- WHO National Consultant (ART),
- National AIDS Control Organization,
- New Delhi
- S Sazawal
- Scientist, Department of Hematology
- AIIMS, New Delhi – 110029
- Renu Saxena, MD
- Professor, Department of Hematology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi – 110029
- SK Sood
- Department of Hematology
- Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi
- M Upendra Srinivas, MD
- Department of Hematology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi – 110029
- Director Professor and Head of the Department of Pathology
- Maulana Azad Medical College
- New Delhi
- Manju Sengar, MD
- Senior Resident, Medical Oncology,
- IRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi
- Shimon Slavin, MD
- Hadassah Medical Organization
- Israil
- Seema Tyagi, MD
- Associate Professor
- Department of Hematology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi – 110029
- John E Wagner, MD
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation
- University of Minnesota
- 420 Delaware Street SE, MMC 477
- Minneapolis MD 55455
- Jeanine M Walenga
- Department of Pathology
- Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Chicago,
New knowledge in medicine in general and hematology in particular is being constantly added with the availability of fast developing technology. Its application has given greater insight in various medical specialties. Hematology also has been a big beneficiary. Advances in hematology are compilations of new knowledge and its integration with existent information. New diagnostic techniques and improved management skills are to be outlined and its use to be specified. Besides what remains unresolved has to be stated, and what that can be is to be surmised.
Publication of advances in hematology is a necessity to educate practitioners to stimulate fertile minds to direct their enquiries in the most appropriate direction and to the dreamers it should point out towards the new horizon of knowledge. The new edge of knowledge has to be advanced further. It would be appropriate to state that recent treatise comes all with lucidities. Editors have been successful in their quests to present new information and its application at all levels in entirety and in proper prospective. Almost all the chapters providing state-of-art topics from Basic Hematology to Recent Advances have been included. This book will help the Pediatricians, Physicians, Pathologists and Hematologists provide the best care to the patients for which we all are committed.
Prof. AK Saraya
Former Head, Department of Hematology
fm11Preface
In the present era the advances in hematology are taking place at an astonishing pace. Molecular hematology has added new facets to facilitate the diagnosis at molecular level, besides it serves as a major prognostic and therapeutic tool for various hematological malignancies and inherited disorders. The development of these facilities had enabled to control the birth of these disorders in the developed world. There have been matching advances in the diagnostic techniques involving automation, which has enabled rapid, reliable diagnostic facilities. Similarly pharmaceutical industry has not lagged behind and has developed several molecular targets oriented therapy, which has offered cure for various diseases. Over the last several years, hematology services have been increasing rapidly in our country. Several laboratories have initiated the state-of-art diagnostic facilities.
First volume of Recent Advances in Hematology has been well-accepted. We received several letters appreciating our endeavor and the further need for such books. In addition, faculty from various institutions desired that we should bring out such a volume regularly. Some of them even went on to suggest the topic for second volume. We have ensured that all their valuable suggestions have been considered while planning for the second volume. Present second volume of Recent Advances in Hematology will be of great help in updating the knowledge of Hematologists, Pediatricians, Physicians and Pathologists who have dedicated themselves to provide the state-of-art care to patients with various hematological disorders. Our present endeavor is directed to increase the hematology services in India.
We greatly acknowledge all the authors who have worked hard in preparing the manuscripts for the second volume. We are confident that the readers will greatly enrich their knowledge in these areas. We will greatly appreciate, if readers could continue to send their suggestions, which will help us greatly in improving the quality and quantity for subsequent volume.fm12
We would like to acknowledge the support of Shri Jitendar P Vij Chairman and Managing Director of M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers as well as the assistance of editorial and production staff to bring out this book.
VP Choudhry
Renu Saxena
HP Pati