BT Basavanthappa MN, PhD
Principal, Govt. College of Nursing, Fort, Bangalore.
PhD Guide (Recognized by INC and Indian Universities) Examiner for UG, PG and Doctoral Courses in Nursing Ex-programme In-charge IGNOU, BSc, Nursing Course
Life Member
Trained Nurses Association of India, New Delhi
Govt. Nurses Association of Karnataka, Bangalore
Academy of Nursing Studies, Hyderabad, India
United Writers Association of India, Chennai
Nursing Research Society of India, New Delhi
President
RGUHS Nursing Teachers Association, Karnataka
Winner
Bharat Excellence Award and Gold Medal Vikas Ratan Gold Award UWA Lifetime Achievement Award
Author
Ten Texts on Nursing
Jitendar P Vij
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Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
© 2007, BT Basavanthappa
All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the author and the publisher.
First Edition: 2007
9788180618987
Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit
Printed at Ajanta Press
5Dedicated to
My ever loving parents
and
My dear students of
Noble nursing profession
7PREFACE
It gives me immense pleasure and satisfaction to introduce and present this title Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing to our Nursing Community. I have been pleased with utilization of my earlier titles – Community Health Nursing, Medical Surgical Nursing, Paediatric/Child Health Nursing, Fundamentals of Nursing, Nursing Education, Nursing Research and Nursing Administration, and Midwifery/Reproductive Health Nursing.
Mental, behavioural and social health problems are an increasing part of health problems the world over. A meta-analysis on prevalence of mental and behavioural disorder in India revealed and estimated prevalence of 58.2 per 1000 population. Now, we are witnessing so much changes taking place in the health care system. To meet the demands of a constantly changing system, nursing must become increasingly futuristic in developing roles and responsibilities, compared with what is known today. About 70 years ago Psychiatric nursing knowledge was almost non-existent. Then most Psychiatric nursing texts were written by psychiatrists, sometimes with nurse co-authors and they were first used by psychiatric nurses employed in State Mental Hospitals. Later, nursing students were sent to such hospitals for short-term training. Afterwards the Psychiatric nursing components were included as it was a required element of basic nursing education. Psychiatric mental health courses are now ordinarily offered along with other courses and in some nursing institutions, with other clinical experience.
Mental health disorders are actually much more prevalent than is apparent on the surface. While such disorders do not contribute significantly to mortality, they have a serious bearing on the quality of life of the affected persons and their families.
Today, most mental patients, even those with severe disturbances, spend most of their time in community. At the same time, the range of problems addressed by psychiatric mental health nursing expanded. Students must learn not only about severe and chronic mental illnesses, as in the past, but also about the mental health needs of individuals, families, small groups, and communities, about people at risk for violence, suicide, homelessness, substance abuse, and about the psychosocial aspects of physiological illness and disability, socio-economic disadvantage, racial discrimination, cultural differences, sexual and gender issues, age-related problems and lifestyles. To meet such challenges, I felt that there is a need for a book containing all aspects of psychiatric mental health nursing.
This book included not only the beliefs and knowledge peculiar to psychiatric mental health nursing, but also applicable knowledge from other nursing specialities and from associated disciplines such as psychiatry, pharmacology, neurology, sociology, and psychology. And also it presents an information that is complete, accurate and uptodate. Further, it ensure that this knowledge brought together from a vast array of different intellectual traditions, makes sense.8
I have tried my level best to include all the content needed for our nursing students and practitioners. I believed that, students will find the text and its accompaniments current, informative, useful, innovative and inspiring. Inspiration of nurses and collaborative colleagues to find new and more effective ways to help the people entrusted to our care and wish you all in the empowering universe of “Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Practice.”
I hope, this book will continue to serve not only the nursing students of various levels for whom it intended, but also those in the allied professions.
I am aware of manifold reason, errors might be crept and shall feel oblige, if such errors are brought to my notice, I sincerely welcome constructive criticism from readers, that would help me to enrich myself and good suggestion will be incorporated in the next edition.
BT Basavanthappa
9ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I owe a great deal of thanks to many who encouraged and supported me with their time and encouragement throughout.
- Shri G. Basavannappa, Former Minister and present MLA of Karnataka for having initiated and supported me to take up this “Noble Nursing Profession” as my career.
- Dr. (Mrs.) Manjula K. Vasundhra, Former Professor and HOD of Community Medicine, Bangalore Medical College, who continuously encouraged me to write texts in the field of Nursing since nursing is a major force in Medical and Health Services.
- My Father Shri Thukkappa, who continuous to grace for the progress of my career and all-round development of my personality for the welfare of the community.
- My Mother Smt. Hanumanthamma, who continue to be a bright spot in the lives of all who knew her and whose grace gave me strength to progress of my life.
- My Wife Smt. Lalitha, who gives meaning to my life in so many ways. She is the one whose encouragement keep me motivated, whose support gives me strength and whose gentleness gives me comfort.
- My lovely children B.B. Mahesh and B.B. Gaanashree, for all the joy they provided me and all the hope that they instill me and who bare with patient throughout my works of the nursing texts. They keep me young at heart.
- Finally my warmest appreciation goes to M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, New Delhi, for sharing my vision for this book and giving me the chance to turn vision into reality.