Biochemistry for Dental Students (Theory and Practical) Shreya Nigoskar
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1Biochemistry for Dental Students
2Biochemistry for Dental Students: (Theory and Practical)
Shreya Nigoskar MSc PhD Associate Professor of Biochemistry College of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Rau, Indore (MP)
3Published by
Jitendar P Vij
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd
B-3 EMCA House, 23/23B Ansari Road, Daryaganj
New Delhi 110 002, India
Phones: +91-11-23272143, +91-11-23272703, +91-11-23282021, +91-11-23245672, Rel: 32558559
Fax: +91-11-23276490, +91-11-23245683
Branches
Biochemistry for Dental Students
© 2007, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the author and the publisher.
First Edition: 2007
9788184480498
Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit
Printed at Rajkamal
4
Dedicated to
my Gurumaharaj
Shri Nana Maharaj Taranekar
and
All the students who have inspired and encouraged me
5PREFACE
Publishing of this book Biochemistry for Dental Students was not a long cherished dream like other authors but a spontaneous thought.
While working as a Lecturer in Dept of Physiology and Biochemistry in College of Dental Sciences and Hospital in the year 2004, I met an unfortunate road accident and was in bed suffering from major head injury and a fractured limb. Neither I nor my kith and kin were sure that I would be even able to stand on my feet again.
Before, the aforesaid miserable span of my life began, the librarian Mr Ravish Verma, had told me that, there is no adequate study material available in biochemistry for students of BDS first year although in the past few years, a number of textbooks in biochemistry have been published, primarily for students of medicine but none for students of dentistry. He suggested me to inscribe a book which could be of sufficient use to the students of not only this institute but of every renowned university in India. I am extremely grateful to him for his valuable advice.
When, I fully recovered and joined the college, I initiated and completed the work and the editorial board of M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. New Delhi, became ready to publish the book. This book has been written to meet the needs of dental students in biochemistry, theory as well as practicals, while compiling, this book, I have consulted several syllabi so as to cover all the topics prescribed for BDS students of various universities.
This is my first effort and may not be without errors, I request the teachers as well as students to send me their precious comments so that I can enhance the matter as well as manner of the book.
Shreya Nigoskar
6ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First and foremost, I thank to the supreme power God, for giving me energy, inspiration and courage to complete this arduous task. Without His blessing nothing would have been possible.
I express my sincere gratitude to Mr Ajit Jhavar, Chairman, College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dr HC Neema, Dean, College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dr HC Gupta, professor emeritus, Dept of Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Rau (Indore) for their constant support and encouragement.
I owe deep debt of gratitude to Dr (Mrs) Meena Verma, Professor and Head of Dept of Biochemistry, MGM Medical College, Indore, for her constant encouragement in my academic pursuits.
How can I put in words my gratitude to express my feelings for my parents, Mr MM Dixit and Mrs Madhuri Dixit, for bringing me up to this stage. It is not possible for me to express thanks to them in words as their good wishes and efforts for me can never be delineated.
My limited vocabulary compels me to use all superlatives, which two members of my family deserve for this cooperation and association, my son Master Suryansh Nigoskar, who suffered a lot, during the inscription of the book, but never complained and my husband Mr Manoj Nigoskar who was beside me, throughout the period of the work. The value of their sincerity towards me cannot be measured on chart; because without their encouragement and co-operation, this book could never have been published.
8INTRODUCTION
Life itself is full of a mystery which is tried to be solved by a chemistry which is termed as biochemistry.
Biochemistry, it would like to introduce itself and to tell you something about it. It will not only be interesting but useful too. It is a secondary branch of a huge tree in a huge garden, i.e. in the garden of knowledge, there is a tree of Dental Science and Physiology and it is one of the primary branches of this tree and has many secondary branches including itself.
The origin of biochemistry goes back to eighteenth century with Levostier's explanation of respiration as biological oxidation of food and the experiments that showed that living matter contained proteins, carbohydrates and fats not found in mineral sources.
At the turn of century, many scientists settled various facts. Such as establishment of structure of carbohydrates and protein and recognition of specificity of enzyme action by Emil Fischer and exploitation by Harden and Young of the accidental observation by Buchner brothers that a cell free extract of yeast could ferment glucose with production of alcohol. In this way the development of biochemistry continued.
It was termed as biochemistry for the first time by Carl Neuberg in 1903.
Biochemistry broadly deals with chemistry of life and living processes. There is no exaggeration in the statement.
The scope of biochemistry is as vast as life itself. Every aspect of life, birth, growth, reproduction, ageing and death involves biochemistry.
For that matter every movement of life is packed with hundreds of biochemical reactions. Biochemistry is the most rapidly developing and most innovative subject in medical and dental sciences.