Also by Prof (Dr) Suraj Gupte
-
Recent Advances in Pediatrics (RAP): Hot Topics in General/Miscellaneous PediatricsVol 16 (2006), Vol 15 (2005), Vol 14 (2004), Vol 13 (2003), Vol 12 (2002), Vol 11 (2001), Vol 10 (2000), Vol 9 (1999), Vol 8 (1998), Vol 7 (1997), Vol 6 (1996), Vol 5 (1995), Vol 4 (1994), Vol 3 (1993), Vol 2 (1992), Vol 1(1991)
-
Recent Advances in Pediatrics (RAP): Special VolumesRAP Special Vol 19 (2007): Developmental and Behavioral PediatricsRAP Special Vol 18 (2007): Pediatric NeurologyRAP Special Vol 17 (2006): AdolescenceRAP Special Vol 16 (2006): Pediatric CardiologyRAP Special Vol 15 (2006): Pediatric NephrologyRAP Special Vol 14 (2005): Critical Care PediatricsRAP Special Vol 13 (2004): Pediatric EndocrinologyRAP Special Vol 12 (2003): Neonatal EmergenciesRAP Special Vol 11 (2002): Community PediatricsRAP Special Vol 10 (2002): PulmonologyRAP Special Vol 9 (2001): NeurologyRAP Special Vol 8 (2001): Emergency PediatricsRAP Special Vol 7 (2000): HematologyRAP Special Vol 6 (2000): Gastroenterology, Hepatology and NutritionRAP Special Vol 5 (2000): Neonatology— 2RAP Special Vol 4 (1999): NeonatologyRAP Special Vol 3 (1999): Tropical Pediatrics— 2RAP Special Vol 2 (1998): Tropical PediatricsRAP Special Vol 1 (1997): Nutrition, Growth and Development
-
RAP Volumes in Pipeline for 2008RAP 18: Hot Topics (General/Miscellaneous Pediatrics)RAP Special Vol 19: Pediatric HematologyRAP Special Vol 20: Nutrition, Growth and Development
-
Other Books by Prof (Dr) Suraj GupteThe Short Textbook of Pediatrics, 11th edition, 2007Differential Diagnosis in Pediatrics, 5th edition, 2007Instructive Case Studies in Pediatrics, 5th edition, 2007Pediatric Drug Directory, 9th edition, 2007
Honorary Director: Pediatric Education Network, Children’ Health Center
Editor: The Short Textbook of Pediatrics, Textbooks of Pediatric Emergencies, Neonatal Emergencies, Pediatric Nutrition, and Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Pediatric Yearbook Series, Pediatric Today Monograph Series, Newer Horizons in Tropical Pediatrics, Towards MRCPCH Part II (Theory) Examination
Author: Differential Diagnosis in Pediatrics, Instructive Case Studies in Pediatrics, Pediatric Drug Directory, Infant Feeding, Speaking of Child Care: Everything You Wanted to Know, The Baby Book: The Parents’ Guide from Birth to Infancy
Co-editor: Asian Journal of Maternity and Child Health (Manila, Philippines)
Section Editor: Pediatrics Today (New Delhi, India)
Editorial Adviser: Asian Journal of Pediatric Practice (New Delhi, India)
Editorial Advisory Board Member/Reviewer: Indian Journal of Pediatrics (New Delhi, India), Indian Pediatrics (New Delhi, India), Synopsis: A Current Survey of World Literature in Pediatrics (Detroit, USA), Indian Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Jaipur, India), Maternal and Child Nutrition (Preston, UK)
Examiner: National Board of Examinations (NBE) for DNB, New Delhi, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS) and several universities
Pediatric Faculty Selection Expert: All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Punjab Public Service Commission, Jammu and Kashmir Public Service Commission, Union Public Service Commission
Jitendar P Vij
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd
B-3 EMCA House, 23/23B Ansari Road, Daryaganj
New Delhi 110 002, India
Phones: +91-11-23272143, +91-11-23272703, +91-11-23282021, +91-11-23245672
Rel: 32558559, Fax: +91-11-23276490, +91-11-23245683
e-mail: jaypee@jaypeebrothers.com, Visit our website: www.jaypeebrothers.com
Branches
-
2/B, Akruti Society, Jodhpur Gam Road SatelliteAhmedabad 380 015, Phones: +91-079-26926233, Rel: +91-079-32988717Fax: +91-079-26927094, e-mail: ahmedabad@jaypeebrothers.com
-
202 Batavia Chambers, 8 Kumara Krupa Road, Kumara Park EastBengaluru 560 001, Phones: +91-80-22285971, +91-80-22382956Rel: +91-80-32714073, Fax: +91-80-22281761e-mail: bangalore@jaypeebrothers.com.
-
282 IIIrd Floor, Khaleel Shirazi Estate, Fountain Plaza, Pantheon RoadChennai 600 008, Phones: +91-44-28193265, +91-44-28194897Rel: +91-44-32972089, Fax: +91-44-28193231e-mail: chennai@jaypeebrothers.com
-
4-2-1067/1-3, 1st Floor, Balaji Building, Ramkote Cross RoadHyderabad 500 095, Phones: +91-40-66610020, +91-40-24758498Rel:+91-40-32940929, Fax:+91-40-24758499, e-mail: hyderabad@jaypeebrothers.com
-
No. 41/3098, B & B1, Kuruvi Building, St. Vincent RoadKochi 682 018, Kerala, Phones: +91-0484-4036109, +91-0484-2395739+91-0484-2395740, e-mail: kochi@jaypeebrothers.com
-
1-A Indian Mirror Street, Wellington SquareKolkata 700 013, Phones: +91-33-22451926, +91-33-22276404, +91-33-22276415Rel: +91-33-32901926, Fax: +91-33-22456075, e-mail: kolkata@jaypeebrothers.com
-
106 Amit Industrial Estate, 61 Dr SS Rao Road, Near MGM Hospital, ParelMumbai 400 01, Phones: +91-22-24124863, +91-22-24104532Rel: +91-22-32926896, Fax: +91-22-24160828e-mail: mumbai@jaypeebrothers.com
-
“KAMALPUSHPA” 38, Reshimbag, Opp. Mohota Science College, Umred RoadNagpur 440 009 (MS), Phones: Rel: 3245220, Fax: 0712-2704275e-mail: nagpur@jaypeebrothers.com
Recent Advances in Pediatrics—17: Hot Topics
© 2007, Shamma-Bakshi Gupte, Executive Editor
All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the editor and the publisher.
First Edition:
2007
9788184481037
Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit
Printed at Ajanta Offset
The fond memory of our late parents
whose inspiration, blessings and
moral support continue to contribute
a great deal to our academic
endeavors and
Everybody contributing to child health
and welfare for a better future
6Contributors
-
Pankaj Abrol
-
Professor and Unit Head
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
Pt BD Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences
-
Rohtak, India
-
Ch 18: Iron Chelators: An Overview
-
Adhisivam B
-
Senior Resident
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
-
Ch 2: The Infant with Incessant Cry
-
Sriparna Basu
-
Lecturer
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
Institute of Medical Sciences
-
Banaras Hindu University
-
Varanasi, India
-
Ch 1: Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC)
-
Ch 4: Effect of Maternal Drugs on Fetus/Infant
-
Ch 7 : Malaria: Newer Therapeutics
-
B Vishnu Bhat
-
Professor
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
-
Ch 2: The Infant with Incessant Cry
-
Harmesh S Bains
-
Professor and Head
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
Dayanand Medical College (DMC) and Hospital
-
Ludhiana, India
-
Ch 25: Safe Injection Practices
-
Deepak Bhat
-
Senior Resident
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
Dayanand Medical College (DMC) and Hospital
-
Ludhiana, India
-
Ch 25: Safe Injection Practices
-
Uday Bodhankar
-
Honorary Professor of Pediatrics
-
Indira Gandhi Medical College
-
Nagpur, India
-
Ch 26: Immunization in Immunocompromised Children
-
MS Bhatia
-
Professor and Head
-
Department of Psychiatry
-
University College of Medical Scince (UCMS) and Guru Teg Bahadaur Hospital
-
Delhi, India
-
Ch 27: Suicide in Children and Adolescents
-
Sunil Bhat
-
Senior Resident
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
University College of Medical Scince (UCMS) and Guru Teg Bahadaur Hospital
-
Delhi, India
-
Ch 30: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
-
Tapabrata Chatterjee
-
Assistant Professor
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratisthan and Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences
-
Ch 12: Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)
-
Bhavna Chowdhary
-
Assistant Professor
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
-
Ch 33: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
-
KE Elizabeth
-
Consultant in Genetics and Nutrition
-
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
-
Government Medical College and SAT Hospital
-
Thiruvanthapuram, India
-
Ch 34: Gene Therapy
-
Richard B Fisher
-
Specialist Registrar in Clinical Genetics
-
St James University Hospital
-
Leeds, United Kingdom
-
Ch 34: Gene Therapy
-
Vandana Gopal
-
Pediatric Intensivist
-
Krishna Critical Child Care Center
-
Vadodra, India
-
Ch 6: Systemic Fungal Infections in the Neonate
-
Ch 15: New and Not So New Antimicrobials
-
Ajay Gaur
-
Associate Professor
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
GR Medical College
-
Gwalior, India
-
Ch 3: Enterobacter sakazakii and Infant Health
-
Meenakshi Girish
-
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
-
Lata Mangeshkar Institute of Medical Sciences
-
Nagpur, India
-
Ch 26: Immunization in Immuno-compromised Children
-
Sanjeev Gulati
-
Senior Consultant
-
Pediatric Nephrology
-
Fortis Hospitals
-
New Delhi
-
Ch 21: Hematuria: A Practical Approach
-
Subodh Gunu
-
Registrar,
-
Pediatric Criticare Medicine,
-
Women's and Children's Hospital,
-
Adelaide, South Australia
-
Ch 29: Heat-related Illness and Heat Stroke
-
Ravi Gupta
-
Senior Resident
-
Department of Psychiatry
-
University College of Medical Science (UCMS) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital
-
Delhi, India
-
Ch 27: Suicide in Children and Adolescents
-
Suraj Gupte
-
Professor and Head
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
Maharaja Agrasen Medical College
-
Agroha, Hisar, India
-
Ch 33: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
-
Ajay Kalra
-
Professor
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
SN Medical College and Hospital
-
Agra, India
-
Ch 24: Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
-
Reader
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
Institute of Medical Sciences
-
Banaras Hindu University
-
Varanasi
-
Ch 1: Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC)
-
Ch 4: Effect of Maternal Drugs on Fetus/Infant
-
Ch 7: Malaria: Newer Therapeutics
-
K Kesarwani
-
RMO
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
SN Medical College and Hospital
-
Agra, India
-
Ch 16: Obesity
-
Amita Mahajan
-
Consultant Pediatric Oncologist
-
Indraprastha Apollo Hospital
-
New Delhi, India
-
Ch 17: Cord Blood Transplantation and Banking
-
Ch 19: The New Iron Chelator: EXJADE
-
Neelam Mohan
-
Consultant Pediatric Gastroen-terologist, Hepatologist,
-
Therapeutic Endoscopist and Transplant Physician
-
Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
-
Ch 31: Childhood Pancreatitis
-
Ch 32: Pediatric Liver Transplantation
-
BR Nammalwar
-
Chief Consultant Nephrologist
-
Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital
-
Chennai, India
-
Ch 20: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
-
Ch 22: Acute Renal Failure (ARF)
-
Ch 23: The Child with Renal Rickets
-
Amitava Pahari
-
Senior Consultant Pediatrician
-
(Nephrology and Infectious Diseases) Apollo Gleneagles Hospital Kolkata, India
-
Ch 28: Kawasaki Disease
-
Yash Paul
-
Senior Consultant Pediatrician
-
Maharaja Agrasen Hospital
-
Jaipur, India
-
Ch 8: Polio Eradication: Why Failure?
-
H Paramesh
-
Director, Pediatrician-in-Chief and
-
Pediatric Pulmonologist
-
Lakeside Medical Center and Hospital
-
Bengaluru, India
-
Ch 13: Rational Use of Antibiotics in Respiratory Diseases
-
Baldev S Prajapati
-
Associate Professor
-
Sheth LG General Hospital
-
Smt NHL Municipal Medical College
-
Ahmedabad
-
Ch 14: Rational Antimicrobial Prescription
-
Rajal B Prajapati
-
Associate Professor
-
Sheth VS General Hospital
-
Smt NHL Municipal Medical College
-
Ahmedabad
-
Ch 14: Rational Antimicrobial Prescription
-
NC Prajapati
-
Professor
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
SN Medical College and Hospital
-
Agra, India
-
Ch 16: Obesity
-
Consulant Pediatric Nephrologist
-
Dr. Mehta's Hospital;
-
Chennai Pediatric Kidney Foundation
-
Chennai, India
-
Ch 20: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
-
Ch 22: Acute Renal Failure (ARF)
-
Ch 23: The Child with Renal Rickets
-
Timir B Sahu
-
Senior Resident
-
Dr BR Ambedkar Hospital
-
New Delhi.
-
Ch 24: Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
-
Anupam Sehgal
-
Senior Resident
-
Center for Child Health
-
Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi.
-
Ch 31: Childhood Pancreatitis
-
Dheeraj Shah
-
Senior Lecturer
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
University College of Medical Science (UCMS) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital
-
Delhi, India
-
Ch 30: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
-
Natwar Lal Sharma
-
Registrar
-
Dr. Mehta's Hospital;
-
Chennai Pediatric Kidney Foundation
-
Chennai, India
-
Ch 20: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
-
Ch 22: Acute Renal Failure (ARF)
-
PK Sarkar
-
Professor and Head (Ex)
-
Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology
-
Army Hospital (Research and Referral)
-
Delhi, India
-
Ch 5: Birth Trauma
-
Mukesh Kumar Singh
-
Assistant Professor
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
Medical College
-
Vadodra, India
-
Ch 6: Systemic Fungal Infections in the Neonate
-
Ch 15: New and Not So New Antimicrobial
-
RP Singh
-
Assistant Professor
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
GSVM Medical College
-
Kanpur
-
Ch 16: Obesity
-
TU Sukumaran
-
Professor of Pediatrics
-
Institute of Child Health
-
Government Medical College
-
Kottayam, India
-
Ch 9: Childhood Pneumonias
-
Ch 10: Croup Syndrome
-
Ch 11: Acute Bronchiolitis
-
S Thangavelu
-
Assistant Consultant
-
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU)
-
King Fahad Medical College
-
Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
-
Ch 23: The Child with Renal Rickets
-
M Vijayakumar
-
Consultant Pediatric Nephrologist
-
Dr. Mehta's Hospital;
-
Chennai Pediatric Kidney Foundation
-
Chennai, India
-
Ch 20: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
-
Ch 22: Acute Renal Failure (ARF)
-
Ch 23: The Child with Renal Rickets
-
Philip Zachariah
-
Research Assistant
-
Department of Pediatrics
-
Government Medical College and SAT Hospital
-
Thiruvanthapuram, India
-
Ch 34: Gene Therapy
Years ago, the World Health Organization had called upon the child health providers to “take advantage of the rapid and ongoing expansion in knowledge of various aspects of child health and disease for improving the quality of care for the child population in the developing countries, nay globally.”
In keeping with this well-meaning “call”, the noted international series, Recent Advances in Pediatrics, addressed to teachers and taughts in the academic medical institutions, those providing care for children and those eager at knowing about the state-of-the-art in the field, continues to aim at driving home the advances in the science and art of pediatrics for the ultimate benefit of infants, children and adolescents.
This, the 17th annual volume of the series, first launched in 1991 and now concurrently in the 16th and 17th special volumes (RAP Special Vol 18: Pediatric Neurology and RAP Special Vol 19: Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, respectively), attempts to cover key topical issues in the field of general and miscellaneous pediatrics. The 34 state-of-the-art chapters covered by as many as 44 experts attempt to review the ever-expanding knowledge in the field of pediatrics with special reference to its applicability in the Indian subcontinent.
Each and every chapter is remarkable by its excellence, providing a stimulating and, not infrequently, even provocative, matured and informed update. Understandably, such an approach is befitting when the goal is not only to inform but also to motivate discussion. interaction, research and innovation.
In keeping with the professed policy of the series, multidisciplinary approach with an eye on future continues to occupy pride of place in this volume too.
We wish to record our indebtedness to our distinguished contributors for providing excellent state-of-the-art chapters in various aspects of general and miscellaneous pediatrics and related topics. They were also gracious enough to repose confidence in our editorship. Without their understanding and cooperation, this volume wouldn't have seen the light of the day.11
Thanks are also due to the Advisory Editorial Board for providing inputs and advice in various editorial matters and peer reviewers for not only providing us the benefit of their critical expertise but also for the promptness in responding to our requests for speedy action.
Our daughter, Dr. Novy, and son, Er. Manu, voluntarily provided all sorts of assistance in taking the project to its logical conclusion.
M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd and their dedicated staff deserve our special thanks for speedy work on the project and its skillful production qualities.
Suraj Gupte
Academic Editor
Shamma-Bakshi Gupte
Executive Editor