Nisha Garg MDS (Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics)
Consultant Endodontist
Faridabad Haryana, India
Amit Garg MDS (Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon
Faridabad Haryana, India
Jitendar P Vij
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd
B-3 EMCA House, 23/23B Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110 002, India Phones: +91-11-23272143,
+91-11-23272703, +91-11-23282021,
+91-11-23245672, Rel: 32558559 Fax: +91-11-23276490,
+91-11-23245683, e-mail: jaypee@jaypeebrothers.com
Visit our website: www.jaypeebrothers.com
Branches
- 2/B, Akruti Society, Jodhpur Gam Road SatelliteAhmedabad 380 015 Phones: +91-079-26926233, Rel: +91-079-32988717Fax: +91-079-26927094 e-mail: ahmedabad@jaypeebrothers.com
- 202 Batavia Chambers, 8 Kumara Krupa Road, Kumara Park EastBengaluru 560 001 Phones: +91-80-22285971, +91-80-22382956Rel: +91-80-32714073 Fax: +91-80-22281761e-mail: bangalore@jaypeebrothers.com
- 282 IIIrd Floor, Khaleel Shirazi Estate, Fountain Plaza, Pantheon RoadChennai 600 008 Phones: +91-44-28193265, +91-44-28194897Rel: +91-44-32972089 Fax: +91-44-28193231e-mail:chennai@jaypeebrothers.com
- 4-2-1067/1-3, 1st Floor, Balaji Building, Ramkote, Cross RoadHyderabad 500 095 Phones: +91-40-66610020, +91-40-24758498Rel: +91-40-32940929 Fax:+91-40-24758499e-mail: hyderabad@jaypeebrothers.com
- Kuruvi Building, 1st Floor, Plot/Door No. 41/3098, B & B1, St. Vincent RoadKochi 682 018 Kerala Phones: +91-0484-4036109, +91-0484-2395739, +91-0484-2395740e-mail: kochi@jaypeebrothers.com
- 1-A Indian Mirror Street, Wellington SquareKolkata 700 013 Phones: +91-33-22651926, +91-33-22276404, +91-33-22276415Rel: +91-33-32901926 Fax: +91-33-22656075,e-mail: kolkata@jaypeebrothers.com
- 106 Amit Industrial Estate, 61 Dr SS Rao Road, Near MGM Hospital, ParelMumbai 400 012 Phones: +91-22-24124863, +91-22-24104532Rel: +91-22-32926896 Fax: +91-22-24160828, e-mail: mumbai@jaypeebrothers.com
- “KAMALPUSHPA” 38, Reshimbag, Opp. Mohota Science College, Umred RoadNagpur 440 009 Phones: Rel: 0712-3245220, Fax: 0712-2704275e-mail: nagpur@jaypeebrothers.com
Textbook of Endodontics
© 2007, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
All rights reserved. No part of this publication and DVD ROM should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the authors and the publisher.
First Edition: 2007
9788184481358
Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit
Printed at Ajanta Press
Our Parents
and Family Members
5Preface
The amount of literature available in dentistry today is vast. Endodontics being no exception. However during both our graduation as well as postgraduation we always felt the need for a book which would help us to revise and update our knowledge. When we were doing undergraduation, there were no Indian authored books on Endodontics. We were thus motivated to frame a specialized, precise, concise, easy to read and remember yet, up-to-date Textbook of Endodontics.
The line diagrams are in an expressive interpretation of endodontic procedures, which are worked upon and simplified to render them more comprehensive and comparable with real photographs. These illustrations (around 1200) are easy to remember and reproduce during examinations.
Emphasis is laid upon the language which is simple, understandable and exclusively designed for undergraduates, postgraduates, general practitioners and teachers in the field.
It took us more than three years to accomplish the arduous task of writing this book. This thrust for knowledge led us to link everywhere, where we could medline journals, books and more.
Nevertheless, a never ending approach and internal craving of mind and soul finally resulted in publication of this book. God perhaps gave us some ability and showered His light on us, guiding us for this task.
Till the last week before the publication of this book, we were frantically looking for loopholes, missing information and any important updates we might have missed out. To the best of our knowledge we did everything we could. But for knowledge one life is not enough. The sky is the limit.
We await the response of this first edition, which would improve us in the next editions to come.
Nisha Garg
Amit Garg
6Acknowledgements
For past many years we always dreamt of writing a Textbook of Endodontics for the students. First and foremost we bow in gratitude to Almighty God for giving us courage to venture out this project. Without His blessings, we could not have completed the book.
Since textbooks are the products of invigorating collaborations and never ending efforts we thank our friends, colleagues, seniors, juniors, teachers and students. We shall like to express our gratitude to all the contributors, who have contributed their share of knowledge and experience in successful completion of the task.
We thank Dr Vivek Hegde (Consultant Endodontist) and Dr Gurkeerat Singh (Consultant Orthodontist) for providing procedures on RCT.
We would like to thank Dr RS Kang, Dr JS Mann (Associate Prof, GDC, Patiala) and colleagues Dr NS Khurana, Dr Abhishek, Dr Sheetal Bansal, Dr Daminder Singh, Dr Parul Dham, Dr Monia and Dr Rhythm for their valuable support and suggestions.
We are also thankful to the Principal and staff members of MR Dental College for their co-operation during preparation of the book.
We are thankful to Shri Jitendar P Vij (CEO) and staff of Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers for all the encouragement as well as for bringing out this book in an excellent form.
We would also like to thank Mr Arun (DTP Operator) and Mr Manoj (Graphic Designer).
We are thankful to members of our family who co-operated with us throughout these years with their sacrifices and constant support.