Mastering the Techniques of Laser Applications in Ophthalmology Ashok Garg, Jorge L Alio, JT Lin, Cyres K Mehta
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1Mastering the Techniques of Laser Applications in Ophthalmology
2Mastering the Techniques of Laser Applications in Ophthalmology
Editors Ashok Garg MS PhD FIAO(Bel) FRSM FAIMS ADM FICA International and National Gold Medalist Chairman and Medical Director Garg Eye Institute and Research Centre 235-Model Town, Dabra Chowk Hisar-125005, India JT Lin PhD Technical Director New Vision, Inc 4532, Old Carriage Trail Oviedo, Florida 32765 USA Jorge L Alio MD PhD Chairman and Medical Director Instituto Oftalmologico De Alicante Avda. Denia 111 El Pinar de Vistahermosa Alicante, 03516 Spain Rajvardhan Azad MD Professor and Head Vitreo-retinal Services Dr RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, Ansari Nagar New Delhi-110029, India Jerome Jean Bovet MD Consultant Ophthalmic Surgeon FMH, Clinique de l'oeil 15, Avenue du Bois-de-la-Chapelle CH-1213 Onex Switzerland Bojan Pajic MD Chief of the Cornea and Refractive Surgery Department Klinik Pallas, Louis Giroud-Str. 20 4600 Olten, Switzerland Cyres K Mehta MS FSVH FAGE Director and Consultant Mehta International Eye Institute Seaside, 147, Colaba Road, Seaside Mumbai-400005, India Foreword A John Kanellopoulos
3Published by
Jitendar P Vij
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Mastering the Techniques of Laser Applications in Ophthalmology
© 2007, Editors
All rights reserved. No part of this publication and Interactive DVD ROM should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the editors and the publisher.
This book has been published in good faith that the material provided by contributors is original. Every effort is made to ensure accuracy of material, but the publisher, printer and editors will not be held responsible for any inadvertent error(s). In case of any dispute, all legal matters are to be settled under Delhi jurisdiction only.
First Edition: 2007
9788184481426
Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit
Printed at Ajanta
4Dedicated to—
  • My Respected Param Pujya Guru Sant Gurmeet Ram Rahim Singh Ji for his blessings and motivation.
  • My Respected Parents, teachers, my wife Dr. Aruna Garg, son Abhishek and daughter Anshul for their constant support and patience during all these days of hard work.
  • My dear friend Dr. Amar Agarwal, a renowned International Ophthalmologist for his constant support, guidance and expertise.
— Ashok Garg
  • My wife, Jeanette and my sons Alex and Tao, who have been giving me constant support and love.
— JT Lin
  • To Mayca, Jorge, Fernando and Maria Lucia and most especially to my beloved wife Maria, for the hours that were taken from our family life to make this book possible.
— Jorge L Alio
  • My Parents, my wife and family.
— Rajvardhan Azad
  • Yveric, Luc and Fanny Laure.
  • Silvio Korol, who was not only a teacher but also an intellectual guide and a friend.
— Jerome Bovet
  • To my son Valentin Aleksandar.
— Bojan Pajic
  • My parents for everything.
  • To Vini my best friend.
— Cyres K Mehta
5CONTRIBUTORS 12FOREWORD
Dr. Ashok Garg has assembled with an a extra-ordinary international panel of editors, including: Dr. J.T. Lin, Dr. Jorge L. Alio, Dr. Rajvardhan Azad, Dr. Jerome Bovet, Dr. Bojan Pajic and Dr. Cyres K. Mehta. The result of this enormous task he personally supervised and orchestrated, has been the accomplishment to truly master the broad field of Laser applications in Ophthalmology.
Specifically the basic physics and translation into clinical application of laser technology is described at the first section and in multiple chapters of this elaborative textbook. The second section concentrates on the application of laser in lens diseases such as laser in cataract surgery. Most of the cutting-edge research and application has been done internationally, and this textbook again devotes several elaborative chapters to cover all basic science and clinical details.
In the third section, the applications of lasers in glaucoma are being presented. Multiple chapters are contributed by multiple international experts and again with great detail and depth in all applications of laser and the disease of glaucoma in the 21st century. The fourth section of the book concentrates on lasers in cornea refractive surgery, probably the most “explosive” and worldwide development of laser application in all of medicine. Specifically over the last 15 years laser refractive surgery is a populous reality in the entire globe. This section is dully presented in over 30 chapters dealing with the multiple specific applications of the laser technology in cornea refractive surgery. The fifth section of the book concentrates on the use of laser in retinal diseases and again another area of multiple and vast applications represented by multiple chapters written by many international leaders in their fields.
deals with the lasers in aesthetic and reconstructive surgery, again an analysis of the multiple applications of laser and also the clinical pearls of these modalities.
Finally, looks into the recent advances of laser applications and probably the future advancements that will see over the next ten years.
Mastering the Techniques of Laser Applications in Ophthalmology is a contemporary, well written, beautifully illustrated and comprehensive review of what is now a vast area of technological advancements and clinical applications of many different types of lasers in Ophthalmology.
We are living the time where the technological advancements of laser applications are enormous. There is almost an individual application for each specific wavelength of the light spectrum. As ophthalmologists we are privileged by the fact that the eye, as a sensory apparatus that deals with light, is mostly transparent, and therefore amicable to the application of multiple different types of lasers. It is no secret even for common people that Ophthalmology has been blessed and has employed the “lion's share” in technological advancements and clinical application of lasers in all of Medicine. The field has expanded enormously even within my career and it definitely exceeds the possibility to be included in the basic training such as ophthalmology residency.
It is therefore customary for the clinician to continue his medical education and “catching up” with technological advances of laser application throughout his career. The very elegantly written Mastering the Techniques of Laser Applications in Ophthalmology, is a textbook that could provide this educative reference for clinicians in ophthalmic practice by covering all the different in applications of lasers in Ophthalmology in depth, and by as I mentioned, a broad insight in the field throughout the world. It is therefore commendable for the editors that such an elite composition of information has been put together. It appears to be perhaps the most complete publication of this subject up to now.13
I personally consider this textbook as a ready reference to any practicing ophthalmologist. Both as an update to the latest developments, early and substantiated clinical results, as well as a clinical reference for everyday practice of laser application in the wide field of Ophthalmology.
It is therefore my pleasure to write this foreword for this textbook of what has now become, perhaps the most significant part of clinical practice in Ophthalmology.
We look forward perhaps to this textbook becoming not only a one-time reference but a ready-reference for the readers. The field will keep growing rapidly and a future edition in several years can update us on the exciting and thrilling developments of laser technology in how we can master it to help our fellow patients.
Dr. A John Kanellopoulos md
Associate Professor of Ophthalmology
NYU Medical School, New York, NY
Director: Laservision.gr Institute,
Mesogeion 2 Str, Athens Tower
Building B, 11527-Athens, Greece
Tel. No. (010) 7472-777
Fax (010) 7472-789
www.laservision.gr
14PREFACE
In last one decade rapid strides have been made in the field of Laser applications in ophthalmology. Now it has become one of the foremost modalities to treat the eye disorders. The major factors that have influenced the changing phase of lasers use in ophthalmology have been knowledge gained from the experience and improvements in technology that have implemented that knowledge. Various new laser models for treating anterior and posterior segments have not only helped to design better visual profiles for individual patients but also to provide a more objective means of measuring outcomes resulting in improved algorithms for future treatments.
This mega International Book, first of its kind in the world is a dedicated hard work to provide complete information on various Laser treatment options in the ophthalmic conditions. This book contains 99 chapters written by International masters of Laser experts cover all parameters from Laser Machine dynamics to Lasers in lens diseases; Glaucoma, Refractive Surgery, Vitreo-retinal diseases, Strabismus and oculoplastic reconstruction, Pediatric refractive surgery and Recent advances.
This book covers all the clinically important ophthalmic subjects. A number of chapters are dedicated to the application of specific ophthalmic lasers in treating various ophthalmic diseases by International authorities in this field.
Our sincere gratitude to truly professional and hard working Shri Jitendar P Vij, Chairman and Managing Director, Mr. Tarun Duneja, General Manager (Publishing) and all staff members of M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Pvt. Ltd., who never ruffled to prepare this mega book in a record short time.
We hope this book shall help readers to obtain complete information on the wide applications of lasers in ophthalmology by providing a thorough understanding of the subject.
Editors