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Implantology Made Easy
TP Chaturvedi
CHAPTER 1:
Introduction, History and Uses of Implants
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
SCOPE OF IMPLANT TREATMENT
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 2:
Types of Implants
IMPLANT CLASSIFICATION
Endosteal Implant
Sub-periosteal Implants
Transosteal Implants
Epithelial Implant
IMPLANT MACRODESIGN
Cylinder Root Forms
Screw Forms
Combination Root Forms
THE IMPLANT ABUTMENT INTERFACE
The Abutment Connection
DESIGN OF IMPLANTS
Implant Components
Advantages
Disadvantages
Cemented Joints
Advantages
Disadvantages
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 3:
Implant Osseointegration
IMPLANT ATTACHMENT
OSSEOINTEGRATION
Implant Design
Implant Length
Implant Diameters
Surface Characteristic
The Host Site
Bone Factors
General Health
Age
Radiotherapy
Surgical Techniques
Operative Conditions
Incision Technique
Drilling Technique
Healing and Loading Time
Delayed Loading
Early Loading
Immediate Loading
CHAPTER 4:
Implant Biomaterials
INTRODUCTION
IMPLANT PROPERTIES
CLASSIFICATION OF IMPLANTS MATERIALS
Biocompatibility
Biofunctionality (Elastic Modulus)
Bio-adhesion
THE IMPLANT SURFACE AND COATING (SURFACE MODIFICATION)
Brief Overview Over Surface Modification
Why Do We Need Surface Modification?
Techniques of Surface Modification of Titanium
SELECTION OF AN IMPLANT MATERIAL
BIOMECHANICS
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 5:
Case Selection
REASONS FOR TOOTH LOSS
Periodontal Diseases
Dental Caries
Endodontic Failure
Trauma
Hypodontia
REPLACEMENT OF MISSING TEETH
Options for Replacement of Teeth for the Partially Dentate Case
No Replacement
Systemic Factors
Local Factors
Orthodontic Management
Removable Partial Dentures
Adhesive Bridges
Conventional Bridges
Implant Stabilized Prosthesis
General Considerations
Dental Considerations
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 6:
Implant Placement in Patients having Systemic Disorders
METABOLIC BONE DISEASE
DIABETES MELLITUS
XEROSTOMIA
ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA
CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
Hypertension
Angina Pectoris
Myocardial Infarction
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis (SABE)/ Valvular Heart Disease
THYROID DISORDERS
ADRENAL GLAND DISORDERS
PREGNANCY
HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASES
LIVER CIRRHOSIS
VITAMIN D DISORDERS
HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
FIBROUS DYSPLASIA
TOBACCO
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 7:
Examination and Treatment Planning
INTRODUCTION
ROLE OF STUDY MODELS
Diagnostic/Surgical Stent
Surgical Template
Radiographic Assessment of Implant Cases
Objectives of Preoperative Imaging
Various imaging modalities are available such as
Computed Tomography (CT) Scan
Limitations
Computer-Guided Technology (CAD/CAM)
Tomograms
Limitations
Orthopantomagram (OPG)
Advantages
Limitations
Intraoral Periapical Radiograph (IOPA)
Advantages
Limitations
Occlusal Radiograph
Lateral Cephalogram
Limitations
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Limitations
Treatment Planning
EXTRACTION OF TEETH
Timing of Extractions
Immediate Implant Placement into Extraction Site
Advantages
Disadvantages
Delayed Placement
Advantages
Disadvantages
The Number and Position of Implants
Full Maxillary Fixed Bridge
Full Mandibular Fixed Bridge
Partial Bridge
Maxillary Overdentures
Mandibular Overdentures
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 8:
Surgery
INTRODUCTION
Mandible
Inferior Alveolar Canal
Mental Foramina
Submandibular Fossa
MAXILLA
Bone Quality
Surgical Technique
Implant Positioning
Radiographs
Study Casts
Surgical Planning Software
PROCEDURE OF IMPLANT SURGERY IN DENTAL CLINIC
Preoperative Documentations
Presurgical Treatment
Premedication
OT Preparations Included
Preparation of the Patient
Basic Instrumentation
Surgical Armamentarium Used for Implant Placement (Figs 8.6A to D)
Principal of Incision Design
Maxilla
Crestal Incision
Vestibular Incision
Mandible
Crestal Incision
Drilling Equipment
FIRST STAGE SURGERY
Abutment Selection
Single or Two-stage Surgery
SECOND STAGE SURGERY
Surgical Procedures
Posterior Mandible
Posterior Maxilla
Immediate Placement
Immediate Loading
Reasons for Failed Integration
SUMMARY
Keys to Successful Surgical Placement of Implants
CHAPTER 9:
Prosthodontic Procedure: Single Tooth Implant
INTRODUCTION
RESTORATION OF SINGLE TOOTH IMPLANTS
PROSTHETIC STAGES OF TREATMENT WITH SINGLE TOOTH IMPLANTS
Timing of Prosthetic Treatment
Type of Restoration
Abutment Selection
Manufactured Precision Abutments (Machined abutments)
Material of Manufacture
Advantages
Prepable Abutment
Material of Manufacture
Advantages
Disadvantages
Customized Abutments
Material of Manufacture
Advantages
Disadvantages
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS FOR TREATMENT WITH A SINGLE TOOTH MACHINED ABUTMENT
Impression Procedure
Occlusal Registration
Shade Taking
Temporization
Customized Abutments
CAD/CAM-derived Abutments
Fitting the Completed Restoration
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 10:
Prosthodontic Procedure: Partial Replacement Case
CHAPTER 11:
Prosthodontic Procedure: Edentulous Case
FIXED-IMPLANT RETAINED PROSTHESIS
IMPLANT-SUPPORTED OVERDENTURE
Abutment Selection for Complete Fixed-Implant Prosthesis
Premachined
Customized
LABORATORY CONSIDERATIONS
CAD/CAM
SUMMARY (PARTIAL AND COMPLETE PROSTHESIS)
CHAPTER 12:
Implant Placement in Advanced Cases and Other Applications
INTRODUCTION
Aesthetics
Temporary Superstructure
Impression Procedures
Dental Implants and Periodontal Disease
Immediate Implant Placement
Tissue Augmentation
Grafting Material
Important Properties
Sources of Autogenous Bone Grafts
Factors Affecting Prognosis of Bone Grafting
Layered Approach to Bone Grafting
Soft Tissue Grafting
Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR)
Graft Materials
Advantage of Tissue Augmentation
Disadvantage
Sinus Lift/Elevation Procedures
Contraindications
Procedures
Other Applications for Osseointegrated Implants
Immediate Loading
Sitting of Dental Implants in Resected Mandible
Assessment of Resected/Reconstructed Mandible
Maxillary Defects
Zygomatic Implants
Indications
Patient Assessment
Problems
Facial Prostheses
Treatment Planning for Facial Prosthesis
Radiographic Examination
Laboratory Assessment
Surgical Preparation
Prosthesis Design
Bone Anchored Hearing Aids (BAHAs)
Indications
Contraindications
CHAPTER 13:
Implants Longevity
INTRODUCTION
PAIN
MOBILITY
GINGIVAL HEALTH
PERI-IMPLANT RADIOLUCENCY (FIG. 13.2)
MARGINAL BONE LOSS
FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE IMPLANTS PROGNOSIS
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 14:
Occlusal Consideration for Implant Supported Prosthesis
NATURAL TOOTH VS IMPLANT MOBILITY
Occlusion on Natural Teeth and Implants
Implant Orientation and Influence of Load Direction
Bone Mechanics and Occlusion
Implant Protective Occlusion
Occlusal Table Width
Crown Contour
Influence of Surface Area
Occlusal Materials
SUMMARY
Occlusion Features in Designing a Fixed Implant-Supported Prosthesis
Occlusion Feature in an Implant Supported Complete Overdenture
Occlusion Feature in the Partially Dentate Patient
Occlusion Feature in Single Tooth Implants
CHAPTER 15:
Orthodontic Microimplant
INTRODUCTION
Types of Microimplants
Types of Surgical Procedures
Selection of Microimplant
Implant Driving Methods
Installation Procedures
Force Application
Palatal Implant
Advantage
Disadvantage
Implant Removal
Reasons of Failure
Limitations
Indications in Orthodontics
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 16:
Complications of Dental Implants
SURGICAL COMPLICATIONS
Unanticipated Bone Cavities and Indentations
Postoperative Pain
Wound Dehiscence
Paresthesia
Mandibular Fractures
Complications Following Second Stage Surgery
PROSTHETIC COMPLICATIONS
CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 17:
Maintenance of Dental Implants
THE PROSTHESIS
Antimicrobial Treatment
Maintenance of Superstructure
Fixed-Tooth Wear
Removable Superstructure
Screws-loosening
Cemented Joints
ROLES IN IMPLANT MAINTENANCE
Patient Role
Clinical Role
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 18:
The Future
INTRODUCTION
Orthodontics
Pedodontics
Prosthodontics
Periodontics
Endodontics
Maxillofacial Surgery
Advances in Implant Dentistry
RESEARCH
CHAPTER 19:
Literature Revisited
Implants Glossary
Bibliography
INDEX
TOC
Index
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