Retinal Imaging
Pradeep Venkatesh MD, DNB
Associate Professor (Retina Service) Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical Sciences
New Delhi
Satpal Garg MD
Professor (Retina Service) Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical Sciences
New Delhi
Rajvardhan Azad MD
Professor (Retina Service) Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical Sciences
New Delhi
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Retinal Imaging
© 2008, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photo copying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the authors and the publisher.
First Edition: 2008
9788184481891
Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit
Printed at Ajanta Press
To
Our Teachers
5Contributors
- Bipul Baishya MD
- Senior Resident
- Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- Chetan D Patel MD
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Positron-Emission Tomography
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- Dattakiran Joshi MS
- Consultant Ophthalmologist
- Air Force Hospital
- Bangalore
- Geetha Srinivasan MS
- Senior Research Associate
- Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- Hem K Tewari MD
- Former Professor (Retina Services)
- Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- Lalit Verma MD
- Former Additional Professor (Retina Services)
- Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- Madhusudan MD
- Senior Resident
- Department of Radio-diagnosis
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- Mary Verghese MS
- Consultant Ophthalmologist
- St. John's Medical College and Hospital
- Bangalore
- Parijat Chandra MD
- Assistant Professor
- Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- Parul Sony MD
- Former Senior Research Associate
- Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- Pradeep Venkatesh MD, DNB
- Associate Professor (Retina Services)
- Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- Rajvardhan Azad MD
- Professor (Retina Services)
- Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- Rakesh Kumar MD
- Associate Professor
- Department of Positron-Emission Tomography
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- Ravi Keshavamurthy MD
- Consultant Ophthalmologist
- Avdhani Eye Centre
- Sanjay Sharma MD, FRCR
- Associate Professor
- Department of Radio-diagnosis
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- Satpal Garg MD
- Professor (Retina Services)
- Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- Shailesh G MD
- Senior Resident
- Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
- Venkatesh Konkal MD
- Senior Resident
- Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi
Technology has pervaded every aspect of our existence. In its wake there have been significant changes that have added value to mankind in abundance. The value addition has been most remarkable in all spheres of medical practice, including ophthalmology.
The human retina is probably the most versatile and complex tissue. Disorders involving its many layers and those of tissues adjacent to it result in varying degrees of visual impairment. Until some time ago, diagnosing such pathologies had a large subjectivity to it based largely on one's experience. In addition, certain pathologies went undetected (e.g. vitreomacular traction) or could be detected only when the pathology was firmly established. The results of treatment could also be evaluated only qualitatively and at the most semi-quantitatively.
In the book Retinal Imaging an effort has been made to familiarize the readers with various modalities of imaging currently being employed to diagnose and treat retinal diseases. The topics covered range from state-of-the art positron-emission tomographic imaging, combined OCT and angiography to more established procedures like ultrasound biomicroscopy, optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography. A separate chapter on special techniques discusses facets on fundus autofluorescence imaging, stereo-imaging and oral fluorescein angiography. The book is replete with digital images and illustrations so as to enable better understanding and assimilation of the text.
It is our hope that the book would add value to all readers practising ‘Retinology’. We would also welcome critical comments addressing any drawbacks in this endeavor and suggestions for improvement from readers of the book.
Pradeep Venkatesh
Satpal Garg
Rajvardhan Azad
8Acknowledgements
We are thankful to Dr Bipul Baishya for oral fluorescein angiography and Dr Frank Holz for providing all figures for spectralis OCT and HRT.