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Textbook of Community and Social Paediatrics SR Banerjee

1:Newborn Health around the Globe
- INTIMATE INTRINSIC LINK BETWEEN THE HEALTH OF MOTHERS AND NEWBORN INFANTS
- SOCIAL, CULTURAL, ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES AND NEWBORN HEALTH
- NEWBORN HEALTH: GLOBAL SCENARIO
- CURRENT LEVEL OF PERINATAL AND NEONATAL MORTALITIES
- PATTERN OF PERINATAL AND NEONATAL MORTALITY
- CAUSES OF NEONATAL MORTALITY (Table 1.1)
- SIGNS OF PROGRESS IN THE HEALTH STATUS OF NEWBORN
  - Family Planning Programs
    - Code of Marketing of Breast milk Substitutes and Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative
    - Three International Events in 1990
- STRATEGIES FOR THE ORGANIZATION AND DELIVERY OF NEWBORN HEALTH CARE
2:Perinatal Care in the Community: Current Perspectives
- PERINATAL AND MATERNAL HEALTH INDICES
- THE EXISTENT HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE
- ESSENTIAL PERINATAL/NEONATAL CARE
- BASIC ANTENATAL CARE
- MAJOR CAUSES OF NEONATAL DEATHS
- HOME CARE OF NEWBORN BABIES
- RESEARCH ISSUES AND PRIORITIES
- CONCLUSION
3:Breastfeeding Today's Infant
- INTRODUCTION
- THE TREND
- CHILD SURVIVAL AND OPTIMAL IYCF
- GOAL
- OBJECTIVES
- THE STRATEGY
- OPERATIONAL TARGETS SET BY INNOCENTI DECLARATION 2005
- SETTING UP A NATIONAL BREASTFEEDING COMMITTEE AND STATE BREASTFEEDING COMMITTEES
- ROLE OF BREASTFEEDING COMMITTEES
- THE IMPORTANCE OF EARLY INITIATION AND EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING
  - Total Duration versus True Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding
- GROWTH OF EXCLUSIVELY BREASTFEEDING CHILDREN
- THE RIGHT AGE FOR ADDITION OF COMPLEMENTARY FOODS
- SUSTAINED BREASTFEEDING FOR TWO YEARS OR BEYOND
- OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR PROMOTION OF PROPER INFANT FEEDING
  - Through RCH-I and II, ICDS and other Developmental Programs for Women and Children
  - Institutional Promotion of Appropriate Breastfeeding
    - Skill Training on IYCF Courses
  - 3-in-1 Training Courses
    - BFHI (Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative)
  - Improving the Nutrition of Pregnant and Lactating Women and Extension of Maternity Leave and Community Support for a Breastfeeding Mother Extension of Maternity Leave
- COMMUNITY SUPPORT FOR A BREASTFEEDING MOTHER
- IMPROVING THE NUTRITION OF PREGNANT AND LACTATING WOMEN
- IMPLEMENTATION OF “THE INFANT MILK SUBSTITUTES, FEEDING BOTTLES AND INFANT FOODS (REGULATION OF PRODUCTION, Supply and Distribution) Act, 1992”
- THE ACT AND THE IAP/IMA
- INFORMATION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION (IEC) IN SUPPORT OF BREASTFEEDING
- STRATEGIC INTERVENTIONS TO ACHIEVE OPTIMAL IYCF
  - What Could be a ‘Minimum Basic Package’?
- CONCLUSION
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
4:Gender Issues in Reproductive and Child Health
5:Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative
6:Diagnosis and Management of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in the Community
- INTRODUCTION
- EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ETIOLOGY
- DIAGNOSIS
  - Clinical Presentation
  - Laboratory Diagnosis
- MANAGEMENT
- RECOMMENDATIONS
7:Epidemiology of Allergy and Childhood Asthma
- FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF ASTHMA AND ALLERGY
  - Prevalence, Morbidity and Mortality of Asthma
- NATURAL HISTORY OF ASTHMA
- NATURAL HISTORY OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS
- SUMMARY
8:Tuberculosis in Children
- MAGNITUDE
- DEFINITION AND TERMINOLOGY
- TUBERCULOUS INFECTION AND DISEASE
  - Risk Factors and Rate of Primary Infection
- CHILDHOOD TUBERCULOSIS
  - Pulmonary Tuberculosis
  - Hematogenous Dissemination
- EXTRAPULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
  - Tuberculous Pleural Effusion
- TUBERCULOSIS ADENITIS
- ABDOMINAL TB
- SKELETAL TUBERCULOSIS
- TUBERCULOSIS MENINGITIS (TBM)
- DISSEMINATED (DTB)/MILIARY TB (MTB)
- DIAGNOSIS
- INVESTIGATION
- TUBERCULIN TEST
- CONTACT TRACING
- RADIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS
- BACTERIOLOGY
- BODY FLUIDS
- STAINING
- CULTURE
- POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR)
- TREATMENT
- DIRECTLY OBSERVED TREATMENT SHORT COURSE (DOTS)
  - Case Definitions
- MONITORING AND EVALUATION
- ACTIONS IN INTERRUPTION OF TB TREATMENT
- CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS
- NEONATES BORN TO MOTHERS HAVING INFECTIOUS TB
- ANTITUBERCULOSIS THERAPY (ATT)
  - HIV and TB
- TB TREATMENT IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS
- MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE IN TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS (MDRTB)
- PRINCIPLES OF TREATMENT
- CONCLUSION
9:Acute Diarrhea in Children
- DEFINITION
- EPIDEMIOLOGY
- TYPES OF DIARRHEA AND ASSESSMENT OF DEHYDRATION
- IMPORTANT PATHOGENS CAUSING DIARRHEA
- SHIGELLA SPP
- INDICATIONS OF INVESTIGATION
- LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
- MANAGEMENT
- PREVENTION
  - Vaccines
10:Waterborne Noninfectious Diseases
- IDENTITY
- MAJOR USES
- ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
- OCCURRENCE OF ARSENIC IN GROUNDWATER
- ENVIRONMENTAL LEVELS AND HUMAN EXPOSURE
- STANDARD AND GUIDELINES
  - Health Effect
- PRESENCE OF ARSENIC
- SOURCES OF FLUORIDE
  - Standard and Guidelines
- EXCESS FLUORIDE IN DRINKING WATER
- DISEASES FROM LEAD CONTAMINATION IN WATER
- STANDARD AND GUIDELINE VALUE
- HEALTH EFFECT
  - Diseases from Mercury Contamination in Water
- OTHER NON-COMMUNICATION DISEASES FROM CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION OF WATER
11:Nutritional Problems in the Young
- INTRODUCTION
- PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRITION (PEM)
- IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA (IDA)
- VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY
- IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS (IDD)
- OBESITY
12:Nutritional Anemia in Children
- IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN CHILDREN
- TIBC
- FEP
- MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA
13:National Nutrition Programs—Objectives Evaluation, Critical Analysis and Remedies
- INTRODUCTION
14:Child Nutrition in 11th Five-year Plan
15:Nutrition Programs and Policies in India
- INTRODUCTION
- NUTRITION AND ECONOMICS
- PRODUCTIVITY AND MALNUTRITION
- NUTRITION AND POVERTY
- NUTRITION IN DEVELOPMENTAL TRANSITION
- MAJOR PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION PROBLEMS
- ISSUE OF UNDERNUTRITION IN YOUNG CHILDREN
- ROUTES TO BETTER NUTRITION
- NATIONAL PROGRAMS
  - Direct Impact
  - Indirect Impact
- CURRENT STATUS OF POLICIES AND PROGRAMS IN INDIA
- UNIVERSALIZATION OF ICDS
- OTHER SCHEMES (NUTRITION)
- CONCLUDING REMARKS
16:Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness
- OBJECTIVES
- RATIONALE OF INTEGRATED APPROACH
- COMPONENTS OF IMNCI STRATEGY
- PRINCIPLES OF IMNCI STRATEGY
- INTERVENTIONS CURRENTLY INCLUDED IN THE IMNCI STRATEGY
- INTEGRATED CASE MANAGEMENT PROCESS
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- ANNEXURE 16.1
- ANNEXURE 16.2
17:Impact of Immunization Program in India
- INTRODUCTION
- DEMOGRAPHY
- THE MAGNITUDE
18:School Health Program
- INTRODUCTION
- GOALS OF A SCHOOL HEALTH PROGRAM
- COMPONENTS OF SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
19:Chikungunya
- GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION
  - Transmission
- DIAGNOSIS
  - Animal Reservoirs
  - Treatment
20:Thalassemias and Hemoglobinopathies in India—Growth, Gene Expression and Care
- INTRODUCTION
- PATHOGENESIS OF β-THALASSEMIA
- PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS OF THALASSEMIA
- CARE AND MANAGEMENT
- CONCLUSION
21:Childhood Cancers in India and Other Developing Nations: A Social Perspective
- INTRODUCTION
- GLOBAL POPULATION AND HEALTH CANCER STATISTICS
  - Tumor Subtypes
- PROBLEMS FACED BY COUNTRIES WITH LIMITED RESOURCES
- STATUS OF PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY IN INDIA AND OTHER DEVELOPING NATIONS IN ASIA
- PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
- STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING MANAGEMENT OF PEDIATRIC CANCER IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
- CONCLUSION
22:Problems Concerning Community Dermatology as Related to Pediatrics
- INTRODUCTION
- MAJOR SKIN PROBLEMS AS RELATED TO PEDIATRICS (Figs 22.1 to 22.47)
- VIRAL EXANTHEMS
  - Measles
  - Varicella (Chickenpox)
- MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM
- COMMON WARTS (VERRUCA VULGARIS)
- HERPES SIMPLEX INFECTION
- TINEA CORPORIS AND TINEA FACIEI
- PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR
- CANDIDAL INTERTRIGO
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
23:Blindness and Visual Impairment in Childhood
- VISION 2020—THE RIGHT TO SIGHT
24:AIDS in Children
- EPIDEMIOLOGY
- ISSUES RELATED TO PEDIATRIC AIDS
25:Poisoning in Children
- INTRODUCTION
- INCIDENCE
- MODE OF POISONING IN CHILDREN
- GENERAL LINE OF TREATMENT
  - Removal of Unabsorbed Poisons from the System
  - Indication of Dialysis
- COMMON POISONS IN CHILDREN
- METALLIC AND NONMETALLIC IRRITANTS
- OTHER RODENTICIDE
26:Hearing Loss in the Newborn
- INTRODUCTION
- DEFINITIONS
- EFFECTS OF CPHL
- EARLY DETECTION AND INTERVENTION FOR CPHL
- UNHSP—THE GLOBAL AND INDIAN PERSPECTIVE
- CONCLUSION
27:Conduct Disorder and Juvenile Delinquency
- CONCLUSION
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
28:The Child with a Cognitive Impairment in Community Setting
- INTRODUCTION
  - Terminology
  - Mental Retardation
- AUTISM
- DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITY
- INCIDENCE
- ETIOLOGY
- GENETIC FACTORS
- SOCIAL IMPACT
- THE FAMILY INSTITUTION
- THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT
  - Treatment
29:Developments in Modern Genetics in the Context of Community Medicine
- GENETIC DISEASES EARLY DETECTION
- ADVANCES IN HUMAN GENETICS
- EPIDEMIOLOGY OF GENETIC DISORDERS AND SERVICE NEEDS
  - Community Genetics and Public Health Genetics
  - Study of Environmental Effects on Genetic Load
- PREVENTION OF GENETIC DISEASE
- RECENT ADVANCES IN SCREENING METHODOLOGY
  - Molecular Methods of Population Screening
30:Child Abuse and Neglect
- INTRODUCTION
- CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
- SOME PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS
- MUNCHAUSAN'S SYNDROME BY PROXY
31:Every Child in School
- INTRODUCTION
- MAGNITUDE OF THE PROBLEM
- ENROLLMENT, RETENTION AND DROPOUT
  - Important Landmarks in the Field of Education
- RECOMMENDATIONS
  - Are Our Parliamentarians Interested?
- CONCLUSION
32:Child Labor
- INTRODUCTION
  - Historical Background
- DEFINITION OF CHILD LABOR
- NATIONAL CHILD LABOR PROJECT (NCLP)
  - Millennium Developments Goal
  - Role of Pediatricians
- CONCLUSION
33:Street Children
- INTRODUCTION
- CONCLUSION
34:Adoption
- INTRODUCTION
- HISTORICAL OVERVIEW
- CONCLUSION
35:Community and Impact on Adolescent Health
- INTRODUCTION
36:Substance Misuse in Children and Adolescents
- INTRODUCTION
- TERMINOLOGY
37:Violence in Children and Adolescents
- INTRODUCTION
- CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
- CONCLUSION
38:Environmental Health Risks for Children
- INTRODUCTION
- ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTORS AND CHILDREN'S HEALTH
- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
39:Reproductive and Child Health Program
- INTRODUCTION
40:Health and Development of Rural Children
- INTRODUCTION
41:Dengue
- INTRODUCTION
42:Physically Challenged Children
- INTRODUCTION
- CONCLUSION

INDEX

TOC
Index

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Chapter Notes