Volume 18: Hot Topics
Spotlight Hematology and Oncology
Edited by Suraj Gupte
Guest Editor Praveen C Sobti
- Recent Advances in Pediatrics (RAP): Hot Topics in General/MiscellaneousVol 17 (2007), Vol 16 (2006), Vol 15 (2005), Vol 14 (2004), Vol 13 (2003),Vol 12 (2002), Vol 11 (2001), Vol 10 (2000), Vol 9 (1999), Vol 8 (1998),Vol 7 (1997), Vol 6 (1996), Vol 5 (1995), Vol 4 (1994), Vol 3 (1993),Vol 2 (1992), Vol 1 (1991)
- Recent Advances in Pediatrics (RAP): Special VolumesRAP Special Vol 20 : Nutrition, Growth and DevelopmentRAP Special Vol 19 : Developmental and Behavioral PediatricsRAP Special Vol 18 : Pediatric NeurologyRAP Special Vol 17 : AdolescenceRAP Special Vol 16 : Pediatric CardiologyRAP Special Vol 15 : NephrologyRAP Special Vol 14 : Critical Care PediatricsRAP Special Vol 13 : Pediatric EndocrinologyRAP Special Vol 12 : Neonatal EmergenciesRAP Special Vol 11 : Community PediatricsRAP Special Vol 10 : PulmonologyRAP Special Vol 9 : NeurologyRAP Special Vol 8 : Emergency PediatricsRAP Special Vol 7 : HematologyRAP Special Vol 6 : Gastroenterology, Hepatology and NutritionRAP Special Vol 5 : Neonatology - 2RAP Special Vol 4 : NeonatologyRAP Special Vol 3 : Tropical Pediatrics - 2RAP Special Vol 2 : Tropical PediatricsRAP Special Vol 1 : Nutrition, Growth and Development
- Recent Advances in Pediatrics (RAP) Volumes in PipelineRAP 19: Hot Topics in General/Miscellaneous PediatricsRAP Special Vol 21: Neonatal and Pediatric Emergencies/Intensive CareRAP Special Vol 22: Immunity, Infection and Immunization
- The Short Textbook of Pediatrics, 11th edition, 2009
- Differential Diagnosis in Pediatrics, 5th edition, 2009
- Instructive Case Studies in Pediatrics, 5th edition, 2009
- Pediatric Drug Directory, 8th edition, 2009
Volume 18: Hot Topics
Spotlight Hematology and Oncology
Edited by Suraj Gupte MD, FIAP
Professor and Head Postgraduate Department of Pediatrics Narayana Medical College/Narayana General and Superspeciality Hospitals
Nellore 524 002, Andra Pradesh, India E-mail: surajgupte@rediffmail.com recentadvances@yahoo.co.uk
Honorary Director: Pediatric Education Network
Editor: The Short Textbook of Pediatrics, Textbooks of Pediatric Emergencies, Neonatal Emergencies, Pediatric Nutrition, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Towards MRCPCH Part II (Theory Examination, Pediatric Yearbook (Series), Newer Horizons in Tropical Pediatrics, etc.
Author: Differential Diagnosis in Pediatrics, Instructive Case Studies in Pediatrics, Pediatric Drug Directory, Infant Feeding, Speaking of Child Care, The Baby Book: The Parents' Guide from Birth to Infancy
Co-editor: Asian Journal of Maternity and Child Health (Manila, Philippines)
Section and Guest Editor: Pediatrics Today (New Delhi)
Editorial Advisor: Asian Journal of Pediatrics Practice (New Delhi)
Editorial Advisory Board Member/Reviewer: Indian Journal of Pediatrics (New Delhi), Indian Pediatrics (New Delhi), Synopsis (Detroit, USA), Indian Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Jaipur), Journal of Clinical Pediatrics, Maternal and Child Nutrition (Preston, UK), Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Turkey)
Examiner: National Board of Examinations (NBE) for DNB, New Delhi, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), New Delhi and several universities
Pediatric Faculty Selection Expert: All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Punjab Public Service Commission, Jammu and Kashmir Public Service Commission, Union Public Service Commission
Jitendar P Vij
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Recent Advances in Pediatrics
(Volume 18: Hot Topics)
© 2009, Shamma-Bakshi Gupte, Executive Editor
All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the editor and the publisher.
First Edition: 2009
9788184486612
Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit
Printed at
- Pankaj Abrol
- Professor and Head of the Unit
- Department of Pediatrics
- Pt BD Sharma Institute of Medical Sciences
- Rohtak, Haryana, India
- Ch 7: Oncologic Emergencies
- Kanishtha Agarwal
- Research Fellow
- Department of Community Pediatrics and
- Adolescent Medicine
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
- Rochester, MN, USA
- Ch 13: H. pylori Infection: Noninvasive Tests
- Ch 26. Hygiene Hypothesis and its Relevance
- Shilpi Agarwal
- Resident
- Department of Pediatrics
- SN Medical College and Hospital
- Agra, UP, India
- Ch 16: Hospital-acquired Pneumonia
- Saqib H Ansari
- Consultant Pediatric Hematologist and Transplant Physician
- Head, Pediatric Hematology and Transplant Program
- Bismillah Taqee Institute of Health Sciences and Blood Diseases Center Karachi, Pakistan
- Ch 6: Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Akash A Bang
- Lecturer
- Department of Pediatrics
- Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (MGIMS)
- Sevagram, Maharashtra, India
- Ch 14: Acute Asthma: Trends in Management
- Ch 25: Hypertensive Emergencies
- Sriparna Basu
- Lecturer
- Department of Pediatrics
- Institute of Medical Sciences
- Banaras Hindu University (BHU)
- Varanasi, UP, India
- Ch 21: Care of the Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants
- Sunil Bhat
- Fellow
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and BMT
- Sir Gangaram Hospital
- New Delhi, India
- Ch 12: Chikungunya Fever: A Re-emerging Viral Disease
- Roy Thomas Daniel
- Professor of Neurosurgery
- Department of Neurological Sciences
- Christian Medical College
- Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Ajay Gaur
- Associate Professor
- Department of Pediatrics
- GR Medical Collge
- Gwalior, MP, India
- Ch 4: Component Therapy
- Suraj Gupte
- Professor and Head
- Postgraduate Department of Pediatrics
- Narayana Medical College and Hospitals
- Nellore, AP, India
- Ch 9: Cystic Fibrosis Revisited
- Shripad Jahagirdar
- Lecturer
- Department of Pediatrics
- Medical College
- Amravati, Maharashtra, India
- Ch 15: Severe Respiratory Distress
- Ajay Kalra
- Professor
- Department of Pediatrics
- SN Medical College and Hospital
- Agra, UP, India
- Ch 16: Hospital-acquired Pneumonia
- Madhuri Kantikar
- Professor and Head
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Nephrologist
- Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC)
- Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Ch 8: Fluid Therapy in Acute Illnesses
- Gauri Kapoor
- Incharge, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
- Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre
- Delhi, India
- Ch 3: Acute Leukemias
- Anjali Kulkarni
- Consultant Neonatologist
- Apollo Center for Advanced Pediatrics
- Indraprastha Apollo Hospital
- New Delhi, India
- Ch 20: Perinatal Hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy
- Ch 22: Noninvsive Ventilation in the Newborn
- Chandra Mohan Kumar
- Assistant Professor
- Postgraduate Department of Pediatrics
- Narayana Medical College and Hospitals
- Nellore, AP, India
- Ch 27: Scorpion Envenomation
- OP Mishra
- Department of Pediatrics
- Institute of Medical Sciences
- Banaras Hindu University (BHU)
- Varanasi, UP, India
- Ch 24: Immunosuppressive Therapy
- Rakesh Mishra
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Pediatrics
- Gandhi Medical College
- Bhopal, MP, India
- Ch 10: Pediatric Malaria
- Sahil Pandita
- Senior Resident in Child Nutrition
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health
- London, UK
- Ch 9: Cystic Fibrosis Revisited
- Panna S Patel
- Pediatric Consultant
- Aakanksha Children Hospital and Neonatal Nursery
- Ahmedabad
- Gujarat, India
- Rajal B Prajapati
- Associate Professor
- Sheth VS General Hospital
- Smt NHL Municipal Medical College Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- Ch 23: Chemoprophylaxis in Pediatric Practice
- Baldev S Prajapati
- Associate Professor
- Sheth LG General Hospital
- Smt NHL Municipal Medical College Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- Ch 23: Chemoprophylaxis in Pediatric Practice
- Rajniti Prasad
- Senior Lecturer
- Department of Pediatrics
- Institute of Medical Sciences
- Banaras Hindu University (BHU)
- Varanasi, UP, India
- Ch 2: Megaloblastic Anemia
- Ch 5: Stem Cells
- Ch 24: Immunosuppressive Therapy
- Faraha Quereshi
- Fellow in Gastroenterology
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health
- London, UK
- Ch 9: Cystic Fibrosis Revisited
- Salman Quereshi
- Fellow in Gastroenterology
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health
- London, UK
- Ch 9: Cystic Fibrosis Revisited
- MR Savitha
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Pediatrics
- Mysore Medical College and Research Institute
- Mysore, Karnataka, India
- Ch18: Hot Water Epilepsy
- Vijay K Sharma
- Consultant Pediatrician and
- Honorary Senior Lecturer
- Dewsbury and District Hospital
- Halifax Road, Dewsbury, WF13 4HS
- West Yorkshire, UK
- Ch 5: Stem Cells
- Harsh Sharma
- Registrar in Neonatology
- Apollo Center for Advanced Pediatrics
- Indraprastha Apollo Hospital
- New Delhi, India
- Ch 20: Perinatal Hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy
- Monika Sharma
- Senior Resident
- Department of Pediatrics
- Christian Medical College (CMC) and Hospital
- Ludhiana, Punjab, India
- Ch 28: Postgraduate Pediatric Education: A Reappraisal
- Tahir S Shamsi
- Consultant Hematologist and Transplant Physician
- Chief, Stem Cell Program
- Bismillah Taqee Institute of Health Sciences and Blood Diseases Center
- Karachi, Pakistan
- Ch 6: Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Utpal Kant Singh
- Professor and Head
- Department of Pediatrics
- Nalanda Medical College and Hospital
- Patna, Bihar, India
- Ch 2: Megaloblastic Anemia
- Ch 5: Stem Cells
- Mehendra Narain Singh
- Senior Resident
- Department of Medicine
- Institute of Medical Sciences
- Banaras Hindu University (BHU)
- Varanasi, UP, India
- Ch 2: Megaloblastic Anemia
- Tejinder Singh
- Professor and Head
- Department of Pediatrics
- Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
- Ch 28: Postgraduate Pediatric Education: A Reappraisal
- Amar M Taksande
- Senior Lecturer
- Department of Pediatrics
- Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (MGIMS)
- Sevagram, Maharashtra, India
- Ch 17: Oxygen Therapy
- Rajoo Thapa
- Consultant
- The Institute of Child Health
- Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Ch 11: Cerebral Malaria
- Santosh George Thomas
- Senior Resident
- Department of Neurological Sciences
- Christian Medical College (CMC)
- Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Ch 19: Intractable Pediatric Epilepsy: Surgical Aspects
- Maya Thomas
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Christian Medical College Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Ch 19: Intractable Pediatric Epilepsy: Surgical Aspects
- Satish K Tiwari
- Professor
- Department of Pediatrics
- Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (MGIMS)
- Sevagram
- Maharashtra, India
- Ch 1: Hematologic Manifestations of Systemic Disease
- Ch 14: Acute Asthma: Trends in Management
- Ch 15: Severe Respiratory Distress
- Ch 17: Oxygen Therapy
- Ch 25: Hypertensive Emergencies
- Pankaj C Vaidya
- Senior Resident
- Department of Pediatrics
- Advanced Pediatric Center
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
- Chandigarh
- India
- Ch 1: Hematologic Manifestations of Systemic Disease
- V Venkateshwar
- Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC)
- Pune
- Maharashtra
- India
- Ch 8: Fluid Therapy in Acute Illnesses
- Krishna Y Vilhekar
- Professor and Head
- Department of Pediatrics
- Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences
- Sevagram
- Maharashtra
- India
- Ch 17: Oxygen Therapy
The 18th volume of the noted international series, Recent Advances in Pediatrics, first launched in 1991 and now concurrently in the 20th special volume (RAP Special Vol 20: Nutrition, Growth and Development), aims at covering topical hot topics. Over and above the general/miscellaneous topics, it incorporates a Spotlight on Pediatric Hematology and Oncology. The 28 state-of-the-art chapters covered by as many as 41 experts drawn from all over the world, attempt to review the depth and breadth of knowledge in the field of contemporary pediatrics with special reference to its applicability in day-to-day life.
Each and every chapter is remarkable by its excellence, providing a stimulating and, not infrequently, even provocative, matured and informed update. Understandably, such an approach is befitting when the goal is not only to inform but also to motivate discussion, interaction, research and innovation.
In keeping with the professed policy of the series, multidisciplinary approach with an eye on future continues to occupy pride of place in this volume too.
We wish to record our indebtedness to our distinguished contributors for providing excellent state-of-the-art chapters in various aspects of adolescence. They were also gracious enough to have confidence in our editorship. Without their understanding and cooperation, this volume wouldn't have seen the light of the day.
Thanks are also due to the Advisory Editorial Board for providing inputs and advice in various editorial matters and peer reviewers for not only providing us the benefit of their critical expertise but also for the promptness in responding to our requests for speedy action.
Dr Praveen C Sobti, Professor of Pediatrics, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, India, deserves our special gratitude for being the Guest Editor to this volume, particularly for the Spotlight on Pediatric Hematology and Oncology.
The moral support and motivation provided by the management and administration of the Narayana Medical College and Hospitals, especially Dr P Narayana, Chairman, Dr CL Venkata Rao, Adviser, Dr S Vijay Kumar, Coordinator, Dr BA Ramakrishna, Principal, and Dr P Narsimha Reddy, Medical Superintendent, for successful completion of this project, is gratefully acknowledged.11
Our daughter, Dr Novy and son, Dr Manu, voluntarily provided all sorts of assistance in taking the project to its logical conclusion.
Our gratitudes are due to M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, New Delhi and their dedicated staff for the skillful production of the book.
Suraj Gupte
Academic Editor
Shamma-Bakshi Gupte
Executive Editor