C
Clinically apparent disease 131
Congenital CMV infection 231
Congenital infection 2
Congenital TORCH infection and hearing loss 112
audiological assessment 118
cytomegalovirus 113
herpes 117
rubella 115
toxoplasma 116
Cord-blood sampling 174
Cordocentesis 212
F
Fetal damage 73
Fetal TORCH syndromes 166
cytomegalovirus 167
herpes simplex virus 168
rubella 167
toxoplasmosis 166
Functional affinity 71
H
Hepatosplenomegaly 149
diagnostic aids 204
diagnosis in mother 51
management 205
neonatal transmission 50
pathogenesis 50
prevention 206
prognosis 205
Human cytomegalovirus 39
diagnosis 44
detection by shell vial culture 46
prenatal 49
primary infection 44
secondary infection 45
infection of the mother 39
consequences 41
outcome of congenital infection 42
pathogenesis 44
Hydranencephaly 148
Hydrocephalus 132
Hydrocephalus/ventriculomegaly 146
Hydrops fetalis 151
Hyperechoic bowel 151
I
Immunocompromised pregnant women and TORCH 250
cytomegalovirus 254
herpes simplex 255
important points 257
rubella 253
toxoplasmosis 251
Infections during pregnancy 73
Intra-abdominal calcification 150
M
Meningoencephalitis 124
contribution of TORCH infection 99
cytomegalovirus 101
herpes simplex virus 101
other organisms 101
rubella 100
toxoplasmosis 100
disorders mimicking congenital infections 102
treatment and prognosis 102
Microcornea 107
Microphthalmos 107
N
Necrotizing chorioretinitis 109
Neurological sequelae 121
cytomegalovirus infection 134
asymptomatic infection 134
CNS manifestations 135
pathogenesis 134
perinatal and early postnatal infection 137
symptomatic infection 135
treatment and prognosis 136
herpes simplex 127
cutaneous disease 128
intrauterine infection 127
treatment and prognosis 130
rubella 121
clinical features 124
Indian scene 123
long-term prognosis 126
permanent manifestations 125
transient manifestations 124
toxoplasmosis 130
CNS findings 131
treatment and prognosis 133
P
Perinatal infections 74
Placentomegaly 153
Pregnant woman with genital herpes 237
antiviral medication 239
counseling the patient 242
effect of HSV infection on pregnancy 238
invasive procedures in women with HSV 245
management of first episode of genital herpes 240
management of recurrent episode of genital herpes 243
neonatal herpes 239
patients with active HSV and preterm premature rupture of membranes 245
patients with active HSV infection and ruptured membranes 244
presentation of infection 237
prevention of acquisition 246
prevention of postnatal HSV
transmission to the neonate 245
role of cesarean section 242
role of HSV serology during pregnancy 241
role of universal screening 246
routes and risk of transmission 238
women with nongenital herpes 244
Prevention of congenital TORCH infection 272
cytomegalovirus 277
general issues 278
herpes simplex 278
recommendations for education and health policy 279
general 279
specific to particular organisms 280
rubella 276
toxoplasmosis 272
guidelines of Center of Disease Control 274
types of 273
Primary CMV infection 232
Principle of antibody affinity and avidity 63
Progressive rubella panencephalitis 125
R
Recurrent infection 233
Retinitis 108
Retinopathy 106
epidemiology 32
investigations 106
laboratory diagnosis 195
molecular methods 195
serodiagnosis 195
virus isolation 196
management 36
methods of laboratory diagnosis 34
serology 34
viral antigen detection 35
virus isolation 35
ocular manifestations 106
pathogenesis 33
prevention 197
transmission to fetus 33
vaccination 37
S
Screening of TORCH infections in pregnancy 262
cytomegalovirus 267
disease characteristics 267
role of screening 268
herpes simplex virus 269
disease characteristics 269
role of screening 269
rubella 266
disease characteristics 266
role of screening 267
toxoplasmosis 263
disease characteristics 263
magnitude of problem 263
prenatal therapy 265
role of screening 265
T
TORCH 1
approach to clinical management 5
diagnosis 8
fetal therapy 9
identification and screening 7
neonatal management 10
prevention 10
congenital 4
important points 11
incidence 2
CMV 2
HSV 3
rubella 3
toxoplasma 3
maternal fetal transmission 4
TORCH infections 144
3-D ultrasound 159
anomalies detected in relation to 159
Doppler ultrasound 158
evaluating fetal heart disease 158
to study the evolution of hydrops 158
interventional ultrasound 156
diagnosis 157
therapy 157
sonographic findings 146
abdomen 149
brain 146
cardiac abnormalities 152
change in amniotic fluid volume 153
IUGR 153
limb defects 152
ultrasonographic features 155
specific findings 155
cytomegalovirus 156
rubella 155
toxoplasmosis 156
TORCH infections Indian experience 96
Toxoplasma infection 17
antigen detection 193
congenital 211
diagnosis 28
serologic tests for demonstration of antibody 28
effect of prenatal treatment 218
efficacy of prenatal treatment 217
epidemiology 22
important points 221
laboratory diagnosis 187
important facts 189
molecular methods 190
parasite isolation 192
serodiagnosis 188
management of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy 220
maternal fetal transmission 209
mode of transmission 20
parasite 18
prenatal diagnosis 211
prenatal treatment 214
pyrimethamine 216
sulfadiazine 217
sulfonamide-pyrimethamine 215
prevention 193
screening 208
V
Ventricular septal defect 153
Vertically transmitted infections 82
infant born with congenital cytomegalovirus infection 87
acute fulminant infection 88
diagnosis of congenital CMV infection 90
perinatally acquired cytomegaloviral infection 89
sequelae of congenital CMV infection 88
neonate born to a mother with toxoplasmosis 82
clinical features of some perinatal infections 83
neurological involvement in perinatal infections 84
subclinical congenital toxoplasma infection 85
symptomatic congenital toxoplasma infection 86
neonate born to mother with herpes simplex virus 93
clinical manifestations 94
CNS infection in absence of disseminated disease 94
determinants of fetal transmission 93
diagnosis of neonatal HSV infection 95
skin eye-mouth/mucocutaneous disease 94
neonates born with congenital rubella syndrome 91
diagnosis 92
manifestations 91