Clinical Chemistry (Organ Function Tests, Laboratory Investigations and Inborn Metabolic Diseases) MN Chatterjea, Rajinder Chawla
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1CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: (Organ Function Tests, Laboratory Investigations and Inborn Metabolic Diseases)
2CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: (Organ Function Tests, Laboratory Investigations and Inborn Metabolic Diseases)
Dr (Brig) MN Chatterjea BSc MBBS DCP MD (Biochemistry) Ex-Professor and Head of the Department of Biochemistry Armed Forces Medical College, Pune (Specialist in Pathology and Ex-Reader in Pathology) Ex-Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry Christian Medical College, Ludhiana Ex-Professor and Head of the Department of Biochemistry MGM's Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India Dr Rajinder Chawla MSc DMRIT PhD Professor of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Addis-Ababa University, Ethiopia Ex-Professor of Biochemistry Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
3Published by
Jitendar P Vij
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd
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Clinical Chemistry (Organ Function Tests, Laboratory Investigations and Inborn Metabolic Diseases)
© 2010, MN Chatterjea
All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the authors and the publisher.
First Edition: 1999
Second Edition: 2010
9788184487954
Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit
Printed at
4Preface to the Second Edition
I take this opportunity to present the next revised edition of the book to my beloved students and teachers. The book has been found to be useful to undergraduates and extremely useful specially to postgraduate students of various disciplines viz. Pathology, Biochemistry, Medicine, Pediatrics, etc.
There has been a demand from some professors to include a chapter, rather a part on Inborn Metabolic Diseases (Inborn Errors of Metabolism). On my request, the task was taken by Professor Rajinder Chawla, Professor of Biochemistry (Faculty of Medicine), Addis Ababa University of Ethiopia. He has been kind enough to contribute the chapter on “Inborn Metabolic Diseases”. He has taken considerable time and energy for compilation and preparation of the chapter and he has incorporated latest up-to-date information/materials. It is emphasized that there is a paucity of materials/information on Inborn Metabolic Diseases. I hope this chapter (part) will be of great help to the undergraduates as well as postgraduate students of various disciplines. I am extremely grateful to him for this job.
I have also included one more chapter on “Pancreatic Function Tests” in the part of “Organ Function Tests”. This chapter has also been contributed by Professor Rajinder Chawla.
Considerable time and energy have been spent in revising the new edition of the book. I hope that the book will be appreciated by students and teachers. I shall look forward for valuable comments and fruitful suggestions from all quarters of medical fraternity, both teachers and students for further improvement of the book.
I am grateful to Shri Jitendar P Vij (Chairman and Managing Director), Mr Tarun Duneja (Director-Publishing), Mr PG Bandhu (Director-Sales), and other staff members for their sincere and untiring efforts to bring out the new edition of the book.
Dr (Brig) MN Chatterjea
5Preface to the First Edition
Clinical chemistry is an important branch of biochemistry. It primarily deals with the various methods used for estimation of different biomolecules in blood and body fluids, establishing the normal values in health and study the alterations found in disease states with their interpretations.
The role of laboratory in diagnosis and treatment continues to gain importance as newer tests and analytical methods become available. The exponential growth of technology in the last decade has provided the clinicians with a plethora of tests which not only gives an astonishing insight into the metabolic and pathological changes but allows diagnosis to be made precisely which were not possible before.
Laboratory tests and investigations have become the mainstay for clinical practice. Clinicians found the laboratory tests as confidence building tools. Now many diagnosis can only be established or etiologies confirmed and appropriate therapy selected by laboratory investigations. The emphasis seems to be shifting from the study of patients to the study of laboratory investigative data.
Quite a number of books by foreign authors are available which deal with the various methods of estimation of different biomolecules in blood and body fluids and their interpretations in health and diseases. These books are voluminous, bulky and difficult to handle.
As a student and teacher of pathology and biochemistry, I felt the need for a handy, concise and comprehensive book which deals with the various organ function tests and laboratory investigations of various biochemical/pathological parameters viz. Laboratory investigation of hypoglycaemia, hypercalcaemia, polyuria, haemolytic anaemia, etc. under one roof. There is a paucity of such a book by Indian authors.
The book in the present form is divided mainly into two parts. First part deals with the various organ function tests which have been written to give a lucid and brief account with classification, basic principles of the tests and discussing their application to the clinical context. The second part of the book deals with the laboratory investigations of various biochemical and pathological parameters which are frequently encountered by the clinicians. The causes and steps of investigation have been discussed. An attempt has been made to give a flow chart at the end of each chapter of Laboratory investigation. The details of methodology have been omitted intentionally so as not to perplex the reader with unnecessary laboratory jargon.
Considerable time and energy have been spent in preparation of the book. The book in the present form is an attempt to fill the existing vacuum and to quench the thirst of necessity of this type of book. I hope the efforts put in preparation of the book will not go waste and the book will be appreciated and get a welcome from the students and teachers.
Inspite of careful scrutiny, it is likely that a few mistakes might have crept in inadvertently. I welcome constructive criticisms and fruitful suggestions from the readers which would help me to bring further improvement in future.
I am grateful to Mr Jitendar P Vij (Chairman and Managing Director), Mr RK Yadav, Editorial Consultant and the staff members of M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., for their sincere and untiring efforts to bring out the book.
Dr (Brig) MN Chatterjea