Second Edition
Akhoury Gourang Sinha BPT (NIRTAR) MSPT, PhD
Reader Department of Physiotherapy Punjabi University Patiala (Punjab), India
Jitendar P Vij
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Principles and Practice of Therapeutic Massage
© 2010, Akhoury Gourang Sinha
All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the author and the publisher.
First Edition: 2001
Reprint 2002
Reprint 2004
Second Edition: 2010
9788184488319
Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit
Printed at Ajanta Offset & Packagins Ltd., New Delhi Printed at ….
Ma, Papa, Uru Didi
and
7Foreword
It is my proud privilege to write the Foreword to this edition of Principles and Practice of Therapeutic Massage by AG Sinha.
Massage or manipulation of soft tissues is the oldest form of physical therapy mentioned in ancient medical records. Of late due to several reasons Physiotherapists started paying it least attention. However, learning the skills of massage is the basic step to achieve success in specialised manual therapy techniques, as this is one of the main techniques that helps Physiotherapists to develop the palpatory skills and sensory awareness.
Most of the books available for Physiotherapists are by the overseas authors and often present diversified explanation of techniques, uses and applications. This always confuses a learner as well as teacher and Mr Sinha, after performing an extensive search of literature, has written this comprehensive book. I strongly feel that this would be of help very much not only to the students but also to the teachers.
This book is a great boon for everyone concerned, as this is the first book on massage written by an Indian Physiotherapist. In a situation, where massage as a therapeutic modality is neglected or given least priority, I appreciate the author for his boldness to bring out this book. This may catalyse others to write books on physiotherapy field.
I pray His almighty for the success of Mr Sinha in this endeavor.
AG Dhandapani
Additional Professor of Physiotherapy
SRMC and RI (Deemed University)
Porur, Chennai (TN), India
Formerly
Head of the Department of Physiotherapy
National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research
9Preface to the Second Edition
I am overwhelmed by the response I got for the first edition of the book. The second edition contains several new information and discussion on the recent uses of massage. In the first edition I mentioned that the subject of massage has always gone through the phases of advocacy and denigration. The current phase is one that of resurgent advocacy. The advanced technology is increasingly being used world over to examine its effects and uses. These research on one hand are establishing the basis of its uses in several of the conditions where massage have traditionally not been used by the established practitioners. On the other hand the risk for the misuse/use of the modality is also fast increasing. The second edition of this book examines these issue from closer quarters especially with regards to the uses of massage in AIDS, cancer, hypertension, obesity etc. Information emerged from the recent researches have been incorporated. Black and white photographs have been replaced by the new ones. However the basic structure of the book has not been altered though minor errors of typography are corrected.
I hope that the revised edition would be able to satisfy the inquisitiveness of both the students and researchers.
AG Sinha
10Preface to the First Edition
This book has been written for all those who are interested in the scientific use of massage—an ancient mode of treatment for painful muscles. Information on various aspects of massage is scattered throughout the literature. The available texts on massage, mostly written by western authors, focus usually on specific dimension of massage. In those places where enough books are not available, it often becomes a problem for a new teacher to collect the teaching material. As a result of this the teaching of massage is often neglected. These problems, which I experienced both as a student and a teacher, have stimulated me to work on this text. In nutshell, it is an attempt to collect the scattered knowledge and present it in a form of systematic and comprehensive exposition of principles, techniques and clinical uses of massage.
Divided into 11 chapters, this book attempts to critically evaluate the different aspects of massage. It includes detailed discussions on the general physiological effects of massage, its uses in different conditions and the contraindications.
The Chapter on Definition and Classification of Massage assimilates the similarity and dissimilarity of different techniques and classify them accordingly. Different techniques of massage are described in detail along with their specific effects on the body tissue.
A Chapter on the Practical Aspect of Massage explains the rationales behind the use of different sequence of techniques and mentions the points to be considered while administering massage. This intends to cater to the practical examination requirement of the students. These two Chapters contain several photographs/illustrations to simplify the subject.
The essential features of the application of massage in different pathological conditions are explained in a chapter, which intends to serve as guideline for the beginners.
The features of lymphatic system, quite essential for the scientific practice of massage have been presented in a separate chapter. This chapter includes four charts showing schematically the distribution of lymph node and the direction of lymphatic flow in the different parts of body.
The important landmarks and milestones in the development of this modality are described under the history of massage, while the Chapter on New Systems of Massage gives a brief introduction of some specific forms of massage which are widely used in different parts of the world.
Sports massage has emerged as an important modality in the field of athletic and sports world. A separate chapter presents a detailed account of the various theoretical and practical aspects of this advancing area of massage.
While working on this text, I came across a volume of literature on the topic. Out of which, however, I could refer only a portion. These titles are listed out in References. The remaining titles which are not quoted in this book, but I feel, can be of immense help to anyone who wishes to know more about this modality, are listed in Bibliography.11
Given at the end, these up-to-date lists might help those who are interested to take up this modality as a special interest subject in postgraduate classes and research.
The main aim of this book is to make the subject matter more meaningful and realistic from the academic point of view. I am aware, that curriculum in many physiotherapy programme may not permit as comprehensive a study on massage as this book may entail. For this reason each chapter has been written as a fairly independent entity relatively independent from rest of the book.
Although, primarily written for physiotherapy undergraduate students who have to study this subject as part of the curriculum, I earnestly hope that it would also serve as a useful reference to the members and students of other disciplines like naturopathy, ayurveda, physical education, sports medicine, etc.
Every attempt has been made to avoid errors though some might have crept in inadvertently. I shall be obliged if any such error is brought to my notice. I further solicit suggestions and criticism from learned teachers for further improvement.
AG Sinha
12Acknowledgments
I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to all those who have helped in the preparation of this book. In particular my thanks are due to my Guru Mr AG Dhandapani, Additional Professor of Physiotherapy, SRMC and RI, Chennai, who not only read my manuscript and gave valuable suggestions but also kindly wrote the Foreword. I express my sincere thanks to Dr PK Nishank (PT), Dr Saibal Bose (PT), Dr Anupam Bhunia (PT), all my former colleagues at Srinivas College of Physiotherapy, Mangalore and my friends Dr Shiv Kumar (PT) and Dr Raju Sharma (PT), whose constructive criticism helped me a lot in drafting this book in its present form. Thanks are also due to Dr GS Kang, Dr S Koley and Dr Amarjeet Singh (PT) my colleagues at GNDU, Amritsar, for their help in many ways in preparation of the manuscript.
I fall short of words to express my feeling to Prof. JS Sandhu MS (Ortho) DSM, Dean Faculty of Sports Medicine and Physiotherapy, GNDU who not only encouraged me to go ahead with all my endeavors, but also stood behind me like a rock on the occasions when I was sinking deep into solitude and dejection.
I am also indebted to my friends Dr Deepak Kumar for sparing his valuable hours to take photographs and Mr Digvijay Srivastava of INTACH, Lucknow for drawing all the diagrams of this book. Thanks are also due to my friends Dr Jitender Sharma (PT) and Dr R Thangaraj for helping me with the manuscript. I express my gratitude to Mrs S Kalai Selvi and Miss Suman Makkar for converting my illegible handwriting into beautiful letters.
I would be failing in my duties if I do not acknowledge my thanks to all those authors whose works have been consulted and quoted in this book.
Thanks are also due to my publisher M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, New Delhi for making efforts in bringing out this book.
Last but not the least, I wish to put on the record my deep sense of gratitude to my brother Hemant Sinha (Munnu) without whose support and encouragement, it would not have been possible for me to reach at this destination.