Herbal Medicine: A Cancer Chemopreventive and Therapeutic Perspective Rajesh Arora
INDEX
A
Acid phosphatases activity 418
Activation enzymes 269
Adhatoda vasica 57
Adipokines in cancer 133
Adoptogenic and antistress properties 612
Adrenal cortical cancer 261
Aegle marmelos 57, 389, 396
AKT expression 317
Alkylglycerols 460
Allium sativum 57
Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) 270
Aloe vera 58
Amaranthus 409, 413, 418
AMEL 396
radiation-induced DNA clastogenesis 400
radiation-induced gastrointestinal damage 396
radiation-induced hematological damage 397
Amifostine 391
Andrographis paniculata 58
Angiogenesis and metastasis 502
skin tumors 502
tea 502
Animal studies 283
Annato 187
chemopreventive agent 187
mutation-related diseases 187
natural and healthy food colorant 187
prevention 187
Anticancer activity 559, 618
dietary polyphenol 559
quercetin 559
Anticancer alkaloids 292
Catharanthus roseus 292
transition from traditional to modern medicine 292
Anticancer properties of phytosterols 279
Anticarcinogenic activity 173
Antigenotoxic activity 173
Anti-inflammatory action 24
Anti-inflammatory activity 398, 610
Anti-inflammatory effects of tea 496
Antilipid peroxidative activity 609
Antimicrobial activities 401, 611, 619
Antimutagenic activity of catechins 169
Antioxidant action 9
free radical scavenging properties 495
resveratrol 212
tea catechins 165
Antioxidant enzymes 399, 610
Antioxidant system 351
Antiplatelet aggregation 213
Antitumor in vivo activity of lace 91
Apigenin 246
health and disease 246
human diseases 252
human health 251
human malignancies 255
natural sources 246
role in cancer chemoprevention 252
structure and properties 248
Apigenin 249
Ayurveda 513, 600
Ayurvedic rasayana drug triphala 599
Azadirachta indica 59
B
Bael 394
Basal cell carcinoma 487
Bcl-2 expression 316
Benzyl isothiocyanate 271
Beta-carotene 408, 412, 444
Beta-cryptoxanthin 147
Bioactive dietary components 110
Bioactive food components 589
Bioactive phytochemicals isolated from PC-SPES 544
Blocking and suppressing agents 7
Botanical classification 293
Brassica campestris 59
Breast cancer 114, 255, 284
Broccoli 482
C
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) 323
Caffeine 481
Calendula extract 79, 82, 89
Calendula officinalis 81
Cancer
medicinal plants 150
oranges 147
radiotherapy 364
therapy vs cancer chemoprevention 4
uterus 71
Cancer cells 577
Carcinogen metabolism 591
Carcinogenesis 214
Carotenoids 410, 444
Catharanthus alkaloids 294
anticancer arsenal 294
clinical use 297
Catharanthus roseus 293
cancer patients 293
multifarious activities 292
Cell cycle
analysis 85
apoptosis 217
effects 285
progression 498
quercetin 566
Cell killing 579
genistein 579
soy isoflavones 579
Cell signaling 590
Central nervous system 623
Cervical cancer 256
Chemical adulterants 545
Chemical analyzes 189
Chemical radioprotection 391
Chemicals 98, 365
Chemistry 494
Chemoprevention 47
Cholesterol metabolism 288
Citrus and crataegus extract 99
Citrus aurantium and Crataegus microphylla extracts 98
Citrus extract on GSH content in mice liver 101
Classical small molecules 521
Colon cancer 256, 283
Colon carcinogenesis prevention 147
Combining drugs with radiation therapy 334
Concurrent paclitaxel and radiotherapy lung cancer 333
COX-2 expression 316
Culture 294
Cuminum cyminum 60
Curcuma longa 143, 523
Curcumin 116, 135, 321323, 480
apoptosis in cancer cells 144
DNA damage 144
enzyme 144
free radicals 144
Cytokines 354
Cytopathology, isoflavones and BCa risk 236
Cytotoxic activity on tumor cells 83
Cytotoxic agents derived from plants 79
Cytotoxic T cells in skin tumors 501
Cytotoxicity and apoptosis 604
D
Data extraction 156
Delta-tocotrienol 429
chemoprevention 429
radioprotection 429
Dermal immune system 500
DES-free PC-SPES 549
Detoxification enzymes 270
Dietary agents 9
Dietary and nutritional profile 127
Dietary carotenoids-lycopene 117
Dietary compounds 578
Dietary flavonoids 478
Dietary intake of apigenin 248
Dietary modulation 588
Dietary phytosterols and cancer 282
Dietary regimens and chemoprevention efficacy 129
DNA damage 352, 611
damage 518
repair 401, 518
UV radiation 489
Drug bioavailability by polyphenols 324
Drug combinations 109
Drug-metabolizing enzymes 288
Drug-nutrient combinations 109
E
EGFR expression 317
Emblica officinalis 60
Emodin 321
Endometrial cancer 261
Enzymes 496
Extraction vis-à-vis demonstration of anti-CaP activities 543
F
Fat layers of skin 500
Flavanone content 99
Flavonoids 448
botanic sources 480
radiation 450
Flavopiridol 321, 323
Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) 380
Flaxseed oil 377
Food combinations 108
Free radical scavenging activity 99, 608, 627, 398
Free radicals 46
initiation 46
oxidative stress 46
promotion 47
Fruit and vegetable consumption 153
G
G1 phase arrest 566
Gamma tocotrienol 426
chemoprevention and AFRRI studies 426
lipid peroxidation and reactive nitrogen species 428
radioprotection 428
GAP junction intercellular communication 219
Gastric cancer 261
Gastrointestinal system 624
Genistein 319, 322
Ginger 324, 481
GINSAN 351
chemotherapy 355
immunomodulatory polysaccharide 350
radioprotector 351
Ginseng 458
Glioma 210, 217
chemoprevention 218
classification 217
epidemiology 217
Glutathione 383
Gonadal system protection 624
Green tea 322
catechin 115, 117
polyphenols 166, 318
radiotherapy 175
UV-induced immunosuppression 500
Growth conditions 294
GSH level 100
H
Hard and cancerous swellings of liver 70
Harnessing medicinal plants 56
Hematologic cancer 257
Hematopoiesis 353
Hemopoietic system protection 623
Hepatic system 625
Herbal drugs for oncology 3
Herbal formulation 536
functional hypothesis 536
PC-SPES 538
Herbal medicines 423
Herbs 423
Homologous repair 518
Hormonal effects 287
Hormonal regulation 589
Hot swellings 70
HPLC analysis 99
Human studies 503
Human trials 179
I
Ibn sina (Avicenna, 9801037
AD) 70
Immune function 287
Immunomodulatory activity 401, 612
Individual herbs of PC-SPES 544
Insulin resistance and carcinogenesis 132
Ionizing radiation and reactive oxygen species 424
Isoflavones 230
animal studies 232
BCa chemoprevention 230
breast cancer chemoprevention 229
breast density and BCa risk 237
epidemiological studies 231
human clinical trials 234
Isothiocyanates 268
K
Key transcription factors 498
L
LACE activity 85
Lactoferrin 151
Laser-activated calendula extract (LACE) 82
Lawsonia inermis 60
Light 294
Lignans 379
Lipid peroxidation 399
Lipid peroxides 383
Liver cancer 261
Lung cancer 258
Lutein and zeaxanthin 446
Lycopene or rhodopurpurin 445
M
Marker enzymes 610
MDR protein expression 316
Medicinal plants 57
Medicinally useful plant parts 618
Melanoma 488
Melatonin 452
Mentha piperita 61
Metal chelation activity 398, 626
Methoxyestradiol 135
Mice survival studies 395
Micronucleus assay 99
Mitochondria 27
Mitogen activated protein kinase 28
pathway 563
signaling cascades 28
Modern medicine 294
Moisture 294
Moringa oleifera 61
Mouse lymphocyte subpopulations 89
Multifactorial disease 4
Multiple signaling pathways 314
Multistep carcinogenesis 44
Mutagenesis 497
Mutant p53 protein synthesis 564
N
Natural polyphenols 313
Naturally-occurring chemopreventive compounds 474
Neuroblastoma 261
NF-kappaB pathway 564
NF-κB activation 28, 314
NMSC formation 482
Nobiletin 149
Nonhomologous endjoining 518
Nonmelanoma skin cancer 473
Nonmelanomatous skin cancers 474
Normal tissue protection 432
Nutrigenetics 594
Nutrigenomics 592
Nutritional epigenomics 593
Nutritional interactions for cancer prevention 107
Nutritional proteomics 593
Nutritional transcriptomics 592
O
O. sanctum 429
Obesity 129
Ocimum 62
cancer prevention 432
cancer therapy 433
sanctum 62, 422
OMICS 594
Onion and garlic 117
Ophthalmo carcinoma 71
Orientin and vicenin 431
OS extract 431
Ovarian cancer 258
Oxidative stress and cancer 215
Oxygen 515
P
P. hexandrum 626
p53 in apoptosis by triphala 605
Paclitaxel and radiation therapy 335
Panax ginseng 63
Panax ginseng as a new adjuvant of radio/chemotherapy 348
Panax ginseng: a legendary medicinal herb 349
Pharmacokinetics 176, 273
Phenethyl isothiocyanate 272
Phenol and flavonoid analysis 101
Photocarcinogenesis 495
Photoprotection 492
Phyllanthus urinaria 64
Phytochemical analysis 403
Phytochemical immunomodulators 80
Phytochemicals 545
Phytochemicals in cancer chemoprevention 42
Piperine 324
Plant products 363
Plant products and dietary antioxidants in cancer radiotherapy 366
Plants as radioprotective agents 392
Podophyllum 622
Prostate cancer 258, 284
genistein/soy isoflavones and tumor irradiation 580
herbal formulation 531
radiotherapy 578
soy isoflavones 579
Protective components 109
Protein 385
Putative role of antiobesity agents 29
Q
Quality assessment 155
Quercetin 560
R
Radiation-induced depletion 418
Radiation-induced drug resistance 520
Radiation-induced lipid peroxidation level 418
Radio- and chemotherapy with improved response rate 514
Radiochemoresistance 521
Radiomodulation and chemoprevention 29
Radioprotectors 392
RAS activation inhibitor 26
Reactive oxygen intermediates 314
Renal system 625
Restoration of glutathione 399, 609
Resveratrol 200
S
Safety of drug 402
Safety profile 179
Screening test system 148
Selective estrogen receptor modulators 25
Selenium 453
Serum biochemistry 385
Signal transduction 286
anticancer effects of quercetin 561
effects 286
molecules 497
Silymarin 322
Skin 487
Skin cancer 260, 487
Soy isoflavones 581
Soy protein/geinstein 116
Spirulina fusiformis 64
Squamous cell carcinoma 488
Standardization and quality issues 542
Stat3 expression 317
Statistical analysis 100
Stilbenes 133
Sulforaphane (SFN) 272
Survivin expression 316
T
Taxonomic classification 618
Tea 475, 494
Camellia sinensis 493
leaves 494
photoaging 502
UV carcinogenesis in experimental systems 495
Thyroid cancer 260
Tocopherols and tocotrienols 426
Topoisomerase II inhibitors 26
Toxicity studies 191
Traditional medicine 294
Traditional uses of Bael 394
Transcription factors 216
Treatment modalities 334
Triphala 602
Tumor metastasis 286
Tumor-environment interactions and tumor invasion 219
Tumor-inhibitory phytochemicals 371
Tyrosine kinase pathway 561
U
Ultraviolet and immune system 491
Ultraviolet and photoaging 491
Ultraviolet radiation-induced skin damage 486
Unani physicians 68
Unani system 68
Urtica dioica 65
UV-induced carcinogenesis 490
UV-induced diseases and harmful effects 488
V
Vegetables and fruits as modifiers of cancer risk 128
Vinblastine 297
Vincristine 298
Vindesine 299
Vinflunine 299
Vinorelbine 299
Vitamin C 455
Vitamin E 425, 457
W
Withania somnifera 524
X
Xenobiotic detoxifying enzymes 610
×
Chapter Notes

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