Immunology of Ocular Allergy Manfred Zierhut, Tilo Biedermann, Santa Jeremy Ono
INDEX
ABCDEGHILMNOPQSTUV
A
Allergic asthma 107
mechanisms of immune privilege and ACAID 108
tolerogenic APC therapy 109
Allergic conjunctivitis 123, 156
Allergic contact eczema 116
cosmetics 119
drug vehicles 119
metals 119
pharmaceutical products 117
plant materials 120
preservative agents 119
rubber additives 119
Allergy hypersensitivity 153
type I (immediate) hypersensitivity 129, 153
type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity 137, 156
Angioedema 115
Angiogenesis 82
Anterior chamber associated immune deviation (ACAID) 108
Anti-IgE 31, 39, 60, 83, 84, 203, 205, 206, 215
Antigen-presenting cells 43
Antihistamines 192, 195
effects on conjunctival tissues 193
new antihistamines 197
receptors 194
Atopic aczema 120
Atopic dermatitis 138
Atopic keratoconjunctivitis 125, 160, 179
corneal ulcer 183
B
B-cells 38
maturation and differentiation 38
Immunoglobulin class switch 36
Basophils 77, 82
involvement in allergic eye disorders 81
mediators 78
membrane receptors 80
morphologic and ultrastructural characteristics 77
pharmacologic modulation 83
adenylate cyclase activators 84
blockade of activating receptors 83
glucocorticoids 84
immunophilin ligands 84
inhibition of signal transduction 83
phosphodiesterase inhibitors 84
receptor antagonists 85
role for allegic angiogenesis 82
surface markers 79
C
Chemosis 180
Cicatricial conjunctivitis 182
Conjunctival allergen challenge (CAC) 168, 171, 174, 196
Contact dermatitis or eczema 120, 138
Contact urticaria 116
Corneal allograft rejection 184
adoptive transfer of graft rejection 189
atopy as risk factors 184
TH2-mediated airway hyperreactivity 186
Cortisone 202
D
Dendritic cells (DC) 30, 43, 45, 130, 163, 164, 222
delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) 184
differentiation 43, 45
T-cells 43
E
Environment and allergy 95
adjuvant effects of air pollutants 98
air pollutants 99
causative factors in development 95
genetic and environmental determinants 96
influence of air pollutants in allergic bioavailability 96
tobacco smoke 99–100
Eosinophils 48
activation 57
degranulation 58
mediators 49
chemokines 53
cytokines 53
granule proteins 49
lipid mediators 53
protease and other enzymes 52
recruitment in allergic diseases 55
response to innate immunological stimuli 61
receptor 55
Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) 49, 54, 55, 203
G
Giant papillary conjunctivitis 162
Granule protease proteoglycan complex 2
Granule proteins 49
H
Histamine 1, 6, 8–10, 27–29, 49, 50, 64, 77–80, 82, 84, 85, 96, 99, 100, 103, 130, 131, 146, 154, 163, 164, 168, 174, 192–199, 202–206, 215
Hypersensitivity vasculitis 136
I
ICAM 45, 55, 58, 168, 172, 174, 193, 203–206
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) 20
diseases related to 130
inert nature of IgE binding 23
monomeric IgE as an effector molecule 25, 48
effect of monomeric IgE 27
mast cell survival 25, 27, 28
pathophysiology 20
relevance of monomeric IgE 30
receptor 1, 20
requirement of aggregation 23
specific IgE 173
structure 21, 22
Immunomodutation 220
aspirin 225, 231
inhibiting cyclo-oxygenase 168, 223
NSAID targets 227
integrin 29, 55, 58, 61, 64, 136
intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) 168
Interferon (IFN) 37, 40, 44, 56–58, 79, 99, 107, 137, 139, 156, 172, 184–186, 188, 203, 206, 213, 216, 231, 233, 234
alpha 21, 57, 205, 206
gamma 40, 172
Interleukin (IL) 48
IL-1 57, 79, 174, 193, 206
IL-2 54, 58, 137, 161, 164, 170, 171, 184, 225, 231–234
IL-3 4, 27, 28, 48, 54, 57, 58, 77, 79, 91, 161
IL-4 29, 36, 44–46, 54–57, 79, 91, 84, 85, 96, 99, 100, 107, 110, 161, 168–174, 184, 212, 213, 222, 223, 233, 234
IL-5 8, 49, 51, 54–58, 60, 64, 79, 81, 99, 107, 161, 170, 171, 174, 184, 231
IL-6 44, 45, 54, 55, 170, 171, 174, 193, 196, 225
IL-8 10, 37, 49, 50, 54, 64, 79, 82, 99, 168, 170–172, 174, 193, 196, 206, 225
IL-9 44, 57
IL-10 8, 37, 44, 54, 55, 171, 174, 213
IL-12 37, 54, 137, 169–171, 220, 223, 232, 234
IL-13 8, 29, 44, 55–57, 79, 81, 85, 96, 99, 107, 154, 170–174, 184, 223, 233
IL-16 54
IL-17 44
IL-22 44
L
Lid swelling 180
Limbal mass 180
Long-lived plasma cells 37, 38
Long-term modulation of disease 45
M
Major basic protein (MBP) 49, 54, 110
Mast cell stabilizers 202
Mast cells (MC) 1, 143
activated 6
degranulation 78
development 4
functions 144
immune responses to non-bacterial pathogens 145
induction of innate immune responses to bacterial infections 144
granule protease proteoglycan complex 2
histochemistry 2
immune responses to pathogens 147
innate immune system 130
morphology 2
proteases (MCP) 2
react to environmental threats 145
receptors 6
skin mast cells 143
tryptase mediators 9
N
neutrophil 2, 5, 7, 9, 10, 48, 50, 51, 53, 59–61, 67, 68, 97, 101, 130, 135, 136, 143, 145, 147, 155, 156, 162, 168, 172, 174, 204, 206
O
Ocular allergy 178
differential diagnosis 179
chemosis 180
cicatricial conjunctivitis 182
conjunctival congestion 181
corneal ulcer 183
lid swelling 180
limbal mass 180
pannus 181
proteases 173
pseudomembranous conjunctivitis 181
Reaction in ocular allergy 167
early-and late-phase 167
TH1-and TH2-type cytokines 169
epidemiology management 163
Omalizumab (see also “anti-IgE”) 39
P
Pannus 181
Piecemeal degranulation 78
Plasma cells
Pseudomembranous conjunctivitis 181
Q
Quincke's edema 115
S
Systemic immune therapy for allergic disorders 212
long-term effects 216
mechanism of action 206
new indications 216
safety concern 214
T
Tacrolimus 84
Th1 40, 44–46, 56, 57, 79, 103, 107–111, 129, 130, 137, 139, 147, 156, 169, 170, 175, 184, 185, 188, 189, 195, 212, 213, 216, 217, 231–234
Th2 40, 44–46, 51, 55–57, 61, 63, 77, 79–81, 85, 86, 96, 99–101, 107–111, 123, 129, 130, 138, 139, 154, 156, 160, 161, 168–170, 174, 175, 184–189, 195, 204, 212, 213, 216, 223, 224, 231–234
Th17 44–46, 86
T regulatory cells 44–46, 107, 109, 110, 213, 214, 221, 222, 224
thrombocytopenic purpura 133
TNF-α 8, 10, 54, 55, 57, 58, 79, 99, 168, 170–174, 205, 206, 225, 231
Tryptase 2–4, 6, 9–11, 79, 82, 85, 96, 133, 144, 154, 168, 203–205, 215
Toll-like receptor 8, 39, 44, 51
U
Urticaria 132
V
vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) 55, 168, 174
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis 124, 158, 178
Very late antigen (VLA) 29, 55, 61, 168
Vitamin D 40
×
Chapter Notes

Save Clear