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Sonographic Atlas of Thyroid and Appendix
Joe Antony
THYROID
NORMAL THYROID
Structure
Size and Dimension
Normal Color Doppler Imaging
Normal Thyroid (Figs 1.1 to 1.6)
Color Doppler Image (Vasculature) (Figs 1.7 to 1.11)
Normal Thyroid (Color Doppler) (Figs 1.12 and 1.13
CONGENITAL ANOMALIES
AGENESIS
Case 1 (Figs 1.14 to 1.16)
Case 2 (Figs 1.17 and 1.18)
Case 3 (Figs 1.19 and 1.20)
HEMIAGENESIS
CONGENITAL THYROID CYST
ECTOPIC THYROID
Case of Ectopic Thyroid
Case 1: Sublingual Thyroid (Figs 1.28 to 1.33)
Case 2: Ectopic Thyroid (Figs 1.34 to 1.42)
FETAL GOITER
THYROID NODULES
THYROGLOSSAL DUCT CYST
Sonography
Various Types
Thyroglossal Duct Cyst (Typical) (Figs 1.45 to 1.49)
HEMORRHAGIC CYSTS OF THYROID
Case 1 (Figs 1.50 to 1.53)
Case 2 (Figs 1.54 to 1.57)
COLLOID CYST OF THYROID
Colloid Cyst (Septate) (Figs 1.58 to 1.64)
Colloid Cyst (Aseptate) (Fig. 1.65)
Colloid Cyst (Echogenic Foci) (Figs 1.66 to 1.71)
BENIGN NODULES
Adenomatous Nodule (Case 1) (Figs 1.72 to 1.78)
Adenomatous Nodule (Case 2) (Figs 1.79 to 1.82)
Adenomatous Nodule (Case 3) (Figs 1.83 and 1.84)
Follicular Adenoma (Case 1) (Figs 1.85 to 1.90)
Follicular Adenoma (Case 2) (Figs 1.91 to 1.95)
BENIGN VS. MALIGNANT NODULES
Calcification—Egg Shell (Figs 1.96 and 1.97)
Coarse Calcification (Figs 1.98 and 1.99)
Microcalcification (Figs 1.100 and 1.101)
Hypoechoic Nodule (Figs 1.102 to 1.104)
Refractive Shadow from Edge (Fig. 1.105)
Refractive Shadow from Rim (Fig. 1.106)
Microlobulation (Fig. 1.107)
MALIGNANT MASS (Figs 1.108 and 1.109)
Lymph Node Metastasis (Figs 1.110 to 1.115)
CARCINOMA OF THYROID
Papillary Carcinoma
Follicular Carcinoma
Medullary Carcinoma
Papillary Carcinoma (Figs 1.116 to 1.124)
Thyroid Carcinoma (Figs 1.125 and 1.126)
Thyroidectomy
Recurrence of Carcinoma (Figs 1.130 to 1.133)
DIFFUSE INVOLVEMENT OF THYROID
Goiter
Types of Goiter
Nontoxic Goiter
Multinodular Goiter (Case 1) (Figs 1.134 to 1.137)
Multinodular Goiter (Case 2) (Figs 1.138 to 1.143)
Multinodular Goiter (Case 3) (Figs 1.144 to 1.146)
Multinodular Goiter (Case 4) (Figs 1.147 and 1.148)
Multinodular Goiter (Case 5) (Figs 1.149 to 1.151)
Multinodular Retrosternal Goiter (Case 1) (Figs 1.152 to 1.158)
Multinodular Retrosternal Goiter (Case 2) (Figs 1.159 to 1.170)
ECTOPIC THYROID TISSUE
Ectopic Thyroid Nodule with Co-existing Orthotopic Thyroid (Figs 1.171 to 1.176)
Diffuse Hypothyroid Goiter (Figs 1.177 to 1.180)
HASHIMOTO'S THYROIDITIS
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (Case 1) (Figs 1.181 to 1.184)
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (Case 2) (Figs 1.185 to 1.190)
HASHIMOTO'S THYROIDITIS (NORMAL) (Figs 1.186 and 1.187)
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (Case 3) (Figs 1.191 to 1.194)
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (Case 4) (Figs 1.195 to 1.201)
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (Case 5) (Figs 1.202 to 1.205)
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (Case 6) (Figs 1.206 to 1.210)
APPENDIX
NORMAL APPENDIX—SONOGRAPHY
Compressibility of Appendix (Figs 2.1A and B)
Easily Compressed Appendix (Fig. 2.2)
Curled Appendix (Figs 2.3 and 2.4)
Pelvic Appendix
Subhepatic Appendix (Case 1) (Figs 2.7 to 2.9)
Subhepatic Appendix (CT Scan)
CT Scan (Coronal Section) (Fig. 2.10)
Subhepatic Appendix (Case 2) (Figs 2.11 to 2.13)
ACUTE APPENDICITIS
Sonography (Figs 2.14 to 2.16)
Color Doppler Imaging (Figs 2.17 to 2.19)
Pictorial Review Imaging (Figs 2.20 to 2.25)
Snapshot (Specimens) (Figs 2.26 and 2.27)
Specimen 1
Specimen 2
Chronic Appendicitis
APPENDICOLITH
Impending Perforation (Figs 2.34 and 2.35)
PERFORATED APPENDIX
Perforated Appendix (Case 1) (Figs 2.36 and 2.37)
Perforation (Case 2) (Figs 2.38 and 2.39)
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
INDEX
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