Srimathi’s Electrotherapeutic Agents Manual N Srinivasan
INDEX
A
Active therapy 2
Acute
inflammatory conditions 46
local inflammation 44
pain 28, 46
traumatic pain 45
Additional tests 10
Advanced electrotherapeutics 192
Already existing fever 46
Alternating
circuit 55
currents 61
AME compression cycling bag 177
Amount of weight 186, 188
Amplification 130
Amplitude modulated frequency 68
Ancillary instrument contents 224
Angina pectoris 47
Application of harnesses 188
Application
safety 177
strategy 99
techniques 160
time 144
Applicator mode 123
Approximate weight of pack 98
Arthritic joints 45
Arthrosis deformities 44
Auscultation 9
Available pulse type 175
Average intensity 154
B
Basic
concepts 1
knowledge 5
Beam nonuniformity in ratio form 153
Beat frequency 66
B-endorphin and dynorphin 195
Bipolar application 70
Breathing pattern 9
Burns 145
C
Calculation of
altered dose 122
dosage 122
Cancerous tissues 47
Carbon-filled silicone rubberized electrodes 73
Cardiac
insufficiency 47
pacemakers 47
Cardinal signs 18
Cardiovascular status 9
Carrier frequencies 72
Cavitation 161
Cervical region 188
Chest mobility 9
Chronic
pain 28
recurring pain 24
Circulation disorders 44
Classification of physical agents 38
Closing pain gate 33
Coherence 132
Cold
baths 43
laser 42
muscles 54
quartz 119
therapy 86
whirlpools 93
Color code 72
Combination therapy 164
Combined wave currents 62
Commercial Kennys’ packs 106
Common notes to faradic and galvanic currents 54
Compensated waveform 63
Compression 8
Conducting leads 58
Conductive
heat modalities 104
heating 38, 41
Connecting jacks 59
Constant direct current 52
Contact directors 143
Contrast baths 42, 43, 109
Convective
heating 38, 41
modalities 42
Conventional physical modalities 176
Conversive
heating 38, 41
modalities 42
Cooling agents 42, 43, 46
Corelation of pain with clinical findings 29
Coupling medium 158
Cranial nerve integrity 9
Crooks’ lense 118, 129
Current
carrier 72, 82
conduction 82
delivery 72, 82
frequency 50, 52, 179
leakage 237
transmission 73, 82
Cycle of application 185
D
Deblocking muscle spasm 75
Deep
heat producing modalities 86
pain 29
venous thrombosis 47
Defective circuit 237
Deformities 8
Depth of
penetration 208
transmission 153
Diadynamic currents 63
Diode laser 135
Dosage calculation 175
Dry scaly skin 54
Duration of
application 114, 127, 137
treatment 148
Dynamic interference field 67
E
Edema 46
Effectiveness threshold 194
Electrical
heating pads 42, 108
stimulation 2
Electrode placement 59, 81, 172, 194
Electrodes 57
Electrokinesis 75
Electromagnetic
induction therapy 141, 165
radiations 42
Electromyograph 219
Electrophysical therapeutic agents 1
Emotional and physical mental pain 29
Energy
density/radiation exposure 136
production/power output 135
Equipment 234
Erythema 122
ESWT generators 201
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy 192, 199
F
Factors affecting
cold treatments 90
transmission 155
Faradic
currents 43
galvanic conduction test 51
type current 49, 50
Fatigue test 44, 51, 54
Fluidotherapy 42
Focusers 143
Frequency of treatment 208
Functional limitations or restrictions 9
G
Galvanic type currents 52
Gate control theory 33
Generated heat 114, 127, 137, 144, 160, 175
Gliding 8
Gross edema 54
H
Half value distance 157
Hard/power laser 131
Hazards of electrophysical equipments 236
Heat 2
storage dissipation 99
Heating agents 45
Hematoma 45, 76
Hemorrhagic condition 46
High
frequency currents 45, 85
intensity pain 54
voltage
pulsed galvanic stimulation 178
twin spiked direct current 63
Hold time 186
Hospital model
fluidotherapy tanks 110
nonluminous IRR lamps 113
steam bath tubs 108
table top luminous IRR lamp 114
Hot
air
baths 106
cabinets 42
compresses 106
packs 42
quartz 119
Hunting-reaction 87
Hydrocollator packs 42, 97
Hyperstimulation 193
I
Ice
immersions 43
massage 43
packs 43
towels 43
Idiopathic joint pains 45
Impaired skin sensation 54
Improvement of
circulation 2
range of motion 3
Increased bleeding time 44
Increases activities of neural receptors 46
Inflammation 18, 51
Infrared radiations 42, 111
Initial evaluation 5
Insonation therapy 148
Intensity 72
Interferential currents 41, 43, 65
Intermittent
compression pump 176
traction 183
Interrupted
depolarized direct current 52
galvanic current 52
modulated currents 62
surged faradic current 50
Introducer circuit 55
Investigation of possible source of referred pain 10
Iontophoresis 42, 44
Irradiants 42
Irradiation
proportion 125
therapy 111, 118, 130
J
Jobst pneumatic pump 177
Joint effusion 20
K
Key muscle 9
Kilohertz electromagnetic device 167
Kromayer's lamp 123
L
Large diameter field director 143
Laser 42, 130
energy 136
measurements 135
power 136
Light 130
Lint cloth 59
Location of pain 29
Longitudinal director 143
Low
frequency currents 38, 41, 43, 49
power pulsed short wave 167
Lumbar
region 189
traction harnesses 187
Luminous generators 113
M
Macroshock 236
Mains cord 59
Malignancies may metastasize 46
Massage 2
McGill pain questionnaire 29, 32
Measurement of UVR energy 125
Medium frequency currents 38, 41, 44, 65
Metal implants 44
Microcurrent stimulation 196
Microshock 236
Microwave diathermy 42, 141
Mid laser 131
Migraine 76
Milliamperes indicated by meter 148
Mode of transmission 153
Modernization 177
Modes of applications 183
Modified galvanic currents 43
Modulating
agents 42, 43
currents 41
parameters 81
Modulation depth 68
Monochromaticity 132
Motor
ability 9
unit action potential 219
Mucosal membranes 44
Muscle
spasm 46
weakness 44
Muscular weakness 45
Myalgia 43
N
Near and far field 153
Nerve
conduction test 44
trunk 9
Neuralgia 43
Neuroids 44
Neurological tests 9
Neuromodulation of pain syndromes 78
New equipment 235
Nonthermal agents 42
Nonthermal effect 161
O
Objective data 7
Open wounds 47
Outcome of groups of words 32
Output range 144, 160, 175
P
Pain 18, 25
drawing 29, 31
gate theory 78
modulation 33
perception 26
postulates 26
Paraffin wax
bath 42
therapy 101
Paresthesia 75
Partial incontact 137
Passive therapy 2
Patient circuit 57
Peak intensity 153
Peloid packs 105
Pen electrodes 57
Penetration
angle 114, 127
depth 99, 103, 114, 136, 144, 160, 175
Peripheral nerve injuries 44
Phantom
limb sensation 83
pain 29, 76
Phonophorosis 42
Physical
agents 35
modalities 48
Physiologic gate 33
Physiological effects of shock 237
Placement
angle 137, 144
distance 114, 126, 137, 144
Positive sharp wave 230
Postirradiation care 207
Postoperative pain 43, 45, 51, 83
Power 8
density 136
pins 237
Pregnant uterus 44, 47
Pres plex plastic 171
Prevents fluid stasis 46
Primary circuit 55
Principal goal in
acute phase 2
chronic phase 3
Principles of treatment 205
Prolonged traction 182
Promotion of tissue healing 2
PSU Decks’ muscular atrophy 75
Pulse
lengths 50, 52, 179
shape 50, 52, 179
types 50, 52
Pulsed
electromagnetic energy 166
laser measure 136
ultrasound 159
PUVA apparatus 120, 124
Q
Quadripolar application 71
Quality of pain 29
Quantity of pain 29
Quartz and barium titanate 158
R
Radiating pain area 174
Recent injuries 76
Rectified current resisters 55
Reduced skin sensation 47
Reduces
inflammatory response 46
local metabolism 46
swelling 46
Reduction of
fibrous tissue and adhesions 3
muscle tension 2, 3
swelling and edema 3
Referred pain 29
Regular mode 123
Relaxes muscles 45
Relief of pain 2, 3, 53
Relieves
muscle spasm 45, 46
pain 45, 46
Respiratory capacity and functions 9
Reverse piezoelectric effect 149
Reynauds’
disease 83
phenomenon 47
Rheumatic and arthritic conditions 76
Rubberized carbon filled silicon carbon electrodes 82
Ruby laser 134
Russian currents 64
S
Safety 234, 228
measures 160
Saturated pain area 174
Saw toothed 50
Scar tissues and contractures 54
Sensation 9
Sensory disorders 44
Shock 147
wave parameters 205
Short wave diathermy 42, 165
Sister Kennys’ packs 106
Skin
disorders 44
infections 46
lessions and infections 54
Small circular field director 143
Smoothing circuit 57
Snow blindness 128
Solar elastosis 128
Space peak average/space average intensity 154
Spatial coherence 132
Special
agents 42, 43
currents of LFC 60
Spectrum 69
Spike wave currents 62
Spinal traction 181
Stability 8
Stages of inflammation 19
Standing waves 162
Steam baths 106
Stellate ganglion blocks 76
Stereodynamic interference 67
Stimulated emission of radiation 130
Stimulating agents 42, 43
Strength duration mode teans 197
Stress incontinence 45
Subjective information 5
Suggestive treatment parameters 196
Superficial
heat producing modalities 86
metal implants 54
pain 29
Supportive care 2
Surged
alternating currents 61
faradic current 50
Surging circuit 57
Sweep 69
types 69
T
Technical notes 49
Techniques of application 184
Temperature
gradiant 103
raise 99, 103
Temporal coherence 132
Theraktin tunnel 120
Thermal agents 42
Thrombophlebitis 44, 47
Tourmaline and Seignettes’ salt 158
Traction 8
Transcutaneous
electrical nerve stimulation 42
electroanalgesic nerve stimulating 42, 43, 78
Treatment
duration 178
frequency 99, 125, 175, 178, 189
methodology 3
process 3
Tridymite formation 121
Tripolar application 71
Types of
electrode spacing 171
spinal fraction 182
U
Ultrasound 148
Ultraviolet
generators 121
radiations 42, 118
V
Vapocoolant sprays 43
Vas grades 31
Vector scan 67
Visceral pain 29
Visual analog scale 29
Vital capacity and flow rates 9
W
Wand type 140
Warm whirlpools 93
Warts 46
Weakens the connective tissues 20
Whirlpool baths 42, 43
×
Chapter Notes

Save Clear