Recent Advances in Pediatrics (Special Volume 21): Neonatal & Pediatric Intensive Care Suraj Gupte
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1RECENT ADVANCES IN PEDIATRICS: Special Volume 21: Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care
2Jaypee's Other Titles by Prof (Dr) Suraj Gupte
3RECENT ADVANCES IN PEDIATRICS: Special Volume 21: Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care
Edited by Suraj Gupte MD FIAP Professor and Head, Postgraduate Department of Pediatrics Narayana Medical College/Narayana General and Superspeciality Hospitals, Nellore 524002, Andhra Pradesh, India E-mail: recentadvances@yahoo.co.uk, surajgupte@rediffmail.com Honorary Director Pediatric Education Network Editor The Short Textbook of Pediatrics, Textbooks of Pediatric Emergencies Neonatal Emergencies, Pediatric Nutrition, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Towards MRCPCH Part II (Theory Examination, Pediatric Yearbook (Series)) Newer Horizons in Tropical Pediatrics, etc. Author Differential Diagnosis in Pediatrics Instructive Case Studies in Pediatrics Pediatric Drug Directory, Infant Feeding Speaking of Child Care The Baby Book: The Parents' Guide from Birth to Infancy Co-Editor Asian Journal of Maternity and Child Health (Manila, Philippines) Section and Guest Editor Pediatric Today (New Delhi) Editorial Advisor Asian Journal of Pediatrics Practice (New Delhi) Editorial Advisory Board Member/Reviewer Indian Journal of Pediatrics (New Delhi), Indian Pediatrics (New Delhi), Synopsis (Detroit, USA) Indian Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Jaipur), Journal of Clinical Pediatrics (Patna) Maternal and Child Nutrition (Preston, UK), Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Turkey) Examiner National Board of Examinations (NBE) for DNB, New Delhi, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) New Delhi and Several other Universities Pediatric Faculty Selection Expert All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Punjab Public Service Commission, Jammu and Kashmir Public Service Commission, Union Public Service Commission
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Recent Advances in Pediatrics—Special Volume 21: Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care
© 2011, Shamma-Bakshi Gupte, Executive Editor
All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the editors and the publisher.
This book has been published in good faith that the material provided by contributors is original. Every effort is made to ensure accuracy of material, but the publisher, printer and editors will not be held responsible for any inadvertent error (s). In case of any dispute, all legal matters are to be settled under Delhi jurisdiction only.
First Edition: 2011
9789350251409
Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit
Printed at
5To
Our dear parents
whose inspiration, motivation, blessings and moral support continue to contribute a great deal to our academic endeavors
and
everybody striving to contribute to child health and welfare for a brighter future globally
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7CONTRIBUTORS
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13PREFACE
Since 1997, which marked the inception of the special volumes of the noted international series, Recent Advances in Pediatrics, first launched in 1991 and now concurrently in the 19th annual volume, we have come a long way. Among many special volumes, we brought out volumes on “Emergency Pediatrics”, “Neonatal Emergencies” and “Critical Care Pediatrics” which were warmly hailed by the fraternity both within India and abroad. The rapid advances in the field have prompted us to bring out yet another volume in the form of the present work, RAP Special Vol 21: Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care.
With the release of the 21st Special Volume (RAP Special Vol 21: Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care), and simultaneously, the 19th Annual Volume (RAP-19: Hot Topics), the noted international series, Recent Advances in Pediatrics, completes its two decades of uninterrupted publication. At this proud moment, we take the opportunity to salute all those who contributed to the success of this academic venture, directly and indirectly.
The 21st RAP Special Volume aims at covering topical issues in neonatal and pediatric intensive care. The 32 state-of-the-art chapters contributed by as many as 57 experts drawn from India and abroad attempt to review the depth and breadth of knowledge in the field of contemporary neonatal and pediatric intensive care with special reference to its applicability in the Indian subcontinent.
Each and every chapter is remarkable by its excellence, providing a stimulating and, not infrequently, even provocative, matured and informed update. Understandably, such an approach is befitting when the goal is not only to inform but also to motivate discussion, interaction, research and innovation.
In keeping with the professed policy of the series, multidisciplinary approach with an eye on future, continues to occupy pride of place in this volume too.
We are thankful to our distinguished contributors for providing excellent state-of-the-art chapters in various aspects of adolescence. They were also gracious enough to repose confidence in our editorship. Without their understanding and cooperation, this volume would not have seen the light of the day.
Hats off to the Advisory Editorial Board for providing inputs and advice in various editorial matters.
The help from our peer reviewers for critically reviewing the contributions is thankfully acknowledged. Their expert inputs indeed went a long way towards assessment, improvement, and eventually, excellence of the contents of this volume.
Grateful acknowledgements are hereby made to the Management and Administration of the Narayana Medical College and Hospitals, especially Dr P Narayana, Chairman, Dr C L Venkatarao, Adviser, Dr B A Ramakrishna, Principal and Dr P Narasimha Rao, Medical Superintendent and Dr S Vijay Kumar, Coordinator, for the moral support and motivation towards successful completion of this project.
Last, but by no means, the least, our daughter, Dr Novy, and son, Er Manu, voluntarily provided all sorts of assistance in taking this important project to its logical conclusion.
Finally, we wish to record our indebtedness to Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd and their dedicated staff for the skillful production qualities of the book.
Suraj Gupte
Academic Editor
Shamma-Bakshi Gupte
Executive Editor