Essentials of Orthopedics for Physiotherapists John Ebnezar
INDEX
A
Abdominal injuries 89
Abduction 169
and external rotation 105
force 188
Abnormal external pressures 34
mobility 42
Above elbow amputation 514
knee amputation 515
Acetabulum 394
Achondroplasia 403, 404
dwarfism 403
ACL tear 171
Acquired deformities 43
Acrocephalosyndactyly 409
Actinomycosis 422
Action of orthosis 525
Active movements of ankle joint 33
unaffected joints 33
Active ROM exercises 500
Activities of daily living 149, 150
Acute
disk
disease 370
prolapse 373
dislocation of knee 183
patella 183
fractures 201
injuries 236
osteomyelitis 5, 421
respiratory distress syndrome 59
stage 61
strain 30
Additional physiotherapy measures 295
Adduction 169
force 187
Adequate sleep 453
Adhesive capsulitis 36
skin traction 79
Adjunctive therapy 480
Advantages of brace/corset 370
DCP 83
pool therapy 13
Adventitious bursa 311, 323
Aerobics 373
Albers-Schönberg diseases 407
Albright's syndrome 408
Allen's classification 214
Allograft 260
Ambulation after lower limb fracture 15
phase 16
American Medical Association 170
Amniotic arthroplasty 435
Amphorthosis 27
Amputation 62, 260, 513
levels 513
through hand 514
lower limb 514
thigh 517
Anesthetic skin 10
Aneurysm of popliteal artery 311
Aneurysmal bone cyst 488
Angiography 8
Angulatory malunion 67
Ankle 37
foot orthosis 527
injuries 187, 190
joint 65
sprain 37, 191
units 524
varus deformity 55
Ankylosed hip 538
Ankylosing spondylitis 456
Anomalies of first thoracic rib 263
Anoxia 422
Anterior angulations 40
bowing of femur 415
cruciate ligament tear 171
decompression 433
dislocation of shoulder 103
interbody fusion 298
Anterolateral bowing of tibia 415
decompression 433
Anteroposterior displacement 169
Antibiotics 60, 250
AO group 73
plates 83
Apert's syndrome 409
Apical vertebra 290
Approach in compound fractures 49
Approach to orthopedic injury 40
patient with low backache 380
orthopedic disorders 4
soft tissue injury 29
polytrauma case 52
Arches of foot 316
Arm length 7
Arnold's classification 300
Arterial injuries 115
Arthritic hand 345
Arthritis 44, 440
of hip 6
Arthrodesis 44, 62, 233, 251, 321, 452, 470, 499, 503
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita 315, 470
Arthroplasty 44, 252, 321, 435, 503537
of upper limbs 257
Arthroscope 534
Arthroscopy 315, 534
Arthroses of facet joints 366
Artificial feet 524
ASNIS screws 145
Assessment of brachial plexus injury 244
genu valgum deformity 307
Assistive devices 14, 453
Atypical fractures 39
Autogenous grafts 259
Autografts 259
Avascular necrosis 56, 64, 147
of head of femur 538
Avulsion fractures 207
Axial skeleton 25
Axillary crutch 17
walking 17
B
Back ergonomics 377
Backache 357
Baker's cysts 311, 312
Balanced traction 81
Ball and socket joint 28
Bandage 78
Bankart's lesion 105
Basic exercises of strengthening 21
Bed rest 366
Bedsore management 226
Behçet's syndrome 454
Below elbow amputation 514
knee amputation 515, 516
Benediction test 236
Benefits of CPC 9
ring fixator system 87
Benign giant cell tumor 489
Bennett's fracture 134
Biaxial joints 28
Bicipital tendinitis 276
Biofeedback 464
Biopsy 8
Bipolar arthroplasty 146, 147
Blade knives 534
Blastomycosis 422
Bleeder's joints 443
Blood supply of talus 194
Blounts’ disease 309
Blumensaat's line 313
Böhler-Braun splint 78
Bone biopsy 412
disorders 43
grafting operations 259
loss 39
neoplasia 478
speaks 24
tumors of cartilaginous origin 480
Bouchard's node 508
Boutonnière deformity 139
injury 340
Bow legs 308
Bowed tibia 412
Bowel program 227
Boye's technique 239
Brachial plexus injuries 243
Buck's skin traction 178
Buckling sign 362
Bucks extension skin traction 79
Buddy taping 138
Bulbocavernosus reflex 216
Bursa anserina 311
Bursae around knee 36, 310
Bursal enlargements 323
Bursitis 323
C
Calcaneal spurs 37, 324
Calf muscle strain 37, 185
Camptodactyly 331
Cancellous screws 82
Capital coxa vara 301
Capsular tear 171
Capsule and synovial membrane 184
Car window elbow 116
Card test 235
Cardia 89
Cardinal rule 516
Cardiopulmonary conditioning 9
Care of skin 232
splints 78
Carpal tunnel syndrome 36, 132, 285
Carpenter syndrome 409
Carrying luggage 379
Cartilaginous joints 27
Cast bracing 167, 158
Cauda equina claudication 300
Causalgia 519
Causes for displacement 39
nonunion 63
stump edema 518
Causes in arm 233
axilla 233
forearm 233, 237
hand 233
tennis players 279
Causes of backache 380
deformity 467
foot drop 239
impingement syndrome 277
injury 68
low backache 381
Centre of pressure 352
Cerebral palsy 461
Cervical collar 269, 526
coxa vara 301
disk syndromes 265
rib 263
spine injuries with neurological problems 219
traction 268
Chance fracture 221
Characteristic facts of osteogenic sarcoma 487
points in acute osteomyelitis 425
Chemonucleolysis 377
Chemotherapy 487
Chest injuries 89
Choice of implant 48, 152
Choice of osteotomy 502
Chondroblastoma 482
Chondroma 482
Chondromalacia patella 314
Chondromyxoid fibroma 484
Chondromyxoma 482
Chondrosarcoma 482
Chronic acidosis 415
compartmental syndrome 62
liver disease 442
low backache 371
osteomyelitis 425
strain 30
synovitis 33
Classification of bone tumors 480
fractures of distal humerus 108
nerve injuries 229
pes cavus 317
prolapsed intervertebral disk 359
slipping 306
soft tissue injury 30
sports injuries 530
Claudication 300
Claw hand deformity 234, 236
Cleft hand 331
Cleidocranial dysostosis 392
dysplasia 409
Climbing staircases with support 19
Clinical classification of neurological damage 224
measurements of deformity 309
Closed amputation 515
reduction 46
Clostridium welchii 421
Clubfoot 397
Cobb's angle 291
method to measure severity of curve 290
Coccyx fractures 208
Cold nose 206
packs 368
therapy 12
Collateral ligament injury 36, 170
Colles’ fracture 129
Colton's classification 119
Combined arthrodesis 251
Comminuted fractures 39
Common causes for pathological fractures 53
low backache 358
peroneal nerve stripping 241
sites of AVN 64
sports injuries 530
Compartmental syndromes 60
Compensatory curve 290
Completely denervated muscle 231
Complex fractures 87
Complicated extensor tendon injuries 340
Complications causing functional impairment 110
Complications of femoral neck fracture 146
fixation devices 158
fracture 59
both bones of forearm 126
clavicle 97
shaft femur 158
POP 76
skeletal traction 80
tuberculosis spine 431
Component of prosthesis 520
Compound fractures 63
palmar ganglion 287
Comprehensive exercise program 20
Compression bandage 33
extension 214
fracture 193
metatarsalgia 321
test 206
Compressive flexion 214
Conditioning exercises 20, 23
Conductive education 464
Condyloid joint 28
Congenital abnormalities 176
absence of fibula 401
radius 331, 401
tibia 402
anomalies of hand 330
deformities 43
dislocation of hip 4, 394
disorders of lower limb 394
neck and upper limb 389
elevation of scapula 391
neurofibromatosis 409
radioulnar synostosis 331, 392
scoliosis 289
talipes equinovarus 4, 397
torticollis 389, 390
trigger digits 331
Conradi's disease 407
Conservative management 232
measures 210
methods 74, 161, 249, 314
therapy 366
treatment 97, 240, 324, 343
Continuous traction 46, 268
Contraindications for flexion exercises 372
open reduction 49
tractions 79, 369
Contributing factors 262
Conventional type prosthesis 521
Cord blood therapy 464
involvement 216
Corrective osteotomy 44
spinal orthosis 526
Cortex 25
Cortical screws 82
Corticotomy 86
Counter traction 80
Coxa vara 301, 412, 415
Crack fracture 40, 42
Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia 407
Craniometaphyseal dysplasia 407
Crepitus 42
Criteria for primary closure 52
Crohn's disease 454
Cross union 126
Cruciate ligament injuries 36, 171
Crush injuries of hand and amputations 341
syndrome 70
Crutch structure 17
walking in special situations 19
Cryotherapy 368, 452
Crystalline arthropathies 508
CT scan 8, 45, 207
Cubitus valgus deformity 237
varus 110
Current trends in antibiotic therapy 424
Curve patterns in idiopathic scoliosis 290
Cystic degeneration 176
Cytotoxic drugs 250
D
De Quervain's disease 36, 282
Deep heat 250, 368
heating agents 10, 11
palmar abscess 343
stroking massage 14
vein thrombosis 67
Definitive early treatment 303
fracture treatment 60
stabilization 48
treatment at hospital 222
wound care 51
Deformities 43
Deformities of hand in leprosy 473
rickets 412
Deformity 6, 41
corrections 87
Denervated muscle 230
Denham pin 80
Dermatome 229
Developmental disorders 6, 403
dysplasia of hip 394
factors 263
Diagnosis in orthopedics 4
Diaphyseal aclasia 406
dysplasia 407
Diaphysis 25
Diathermy 11
Different types of spinal traction 369
Direct bone healing 57
force 98
pressure test 206
trauma 29, 95
Disadvantages of braces 370
open reduction 49
patellectomy 181
Disarticulation of shoulder 514
Discography 365
Disk bulging or protrusion 359
calcification 366
excision 376
herniation 360
Dislocation 38, 56
of metacarpophalangeal joints 335
Disorders of joints 440
Displaced fracture 180, 193, 207
Displacement of fractures 40
osteotomy 435, 502
Disseminated skeletal tuberculosis 438
Distal femoral osteotomy 499
pulp space infection 342
Distraction histogenesis 58
of fracture fragments 63
test 206
Distractive extension 214
flexion 214
Double limb support 351
Drawback of cervical collar 270
Duchenne muscular dystrophy 474
Duck waddle test 312
Dunlop's traction 79
Dupuytren's contracture 36, 44, 284
Dynamic compression plates 83
hip screws 145, 152
locking 85
splints 333
Dyschondroplasia 406
E
Early fracture surgery 73
Effects of injury 68, 245
Egawa test 235
Elbow 36
arthroplasty 257
flexion/extension 116
injuries 14
joint common in young athletes 65
piece 522
region 392
Electrical muscle stimulation 249
stimulation 232, 281
Electrocautery 535
Electrodiagnostic tests 286
Electromyography 230
Elimination of hip irritability 303
Embolic facts 68
Enchondroma 482
End vertebrae 290
Endocrinal disorder 6
Endocrine abnormalities 417
system 365
Endoneurolysis 232
Endoprostheses 519
Endoscopic lumbar discectomy 376
Energy conservation 453
Enlargement of metaphyseal segments 412
Enneking's staging 479
of bone tumors 480
Enteropathic arthritis 454
Entrapment sites 233
Epicondylitis 279
Epidemiology of backache 357
Epidural steroids 375
Epiphyseal coxa vara 301
dysplasia 407
hemimelia 407
multiplexa 407
punctata 407
growth arrests 44
Epiphysis 25
Epiphysitis of calcaneum 326
Epitrochleitis 282
Equalization of leg length 260
Erb's palsy 245
Erosive osteoarthritis 508
Essex-Lopresti fracture 128
Event of synovial rupture 33
Ewing's sarcoma 491
Examination of back 362
compound injury 50
gait 6
locomotor system 6
Examine vital structures 89
Excision arthroplasty of hip 252
cicatrix 62
Excision of tumors 260
Exercises for low backache 371
neck mobilization 267
stretching side muscles 373
Exercises to improve weak muscles 267
strengthen neck muscles 267
Exoprostheses 519
Exploration of wound 50
Extension exercises 372
Extensive scarring of forearm 61
Extensor apparatus of knee 183
lag 181
tendon injuries 339
External fixation 73
fixators 167, 400
rotation of femur 169
recurvatum test 174
rotational force 188
Extra-articular arthrodesis 251
fractures 193
Extrinsic muscles 329
Extruded disk 360
F
Facet joint osteoarthritis 381
syndromes 370, 382
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 475
Factors affecting fracture repair 58
Failed hemi replacement arthroplasty 538
Fajerstazan's test 362
Fall from height 192
False bursa 34
Faradic stimulation 232
Fat pads 184
Fatigue fracture 40, 42
Fatty white marrow 25
FDA panel 63
Femur 412
Fenestration surgery 376
Fetal rickets 411
Fever 5, 423
Fibromatosis of plantar fascia 326
Fibromyalgia 36
Fibrous dysplasia 408
joint 27
Fine needle biopsy 493
Finger flexors 239
Fingertip avulsions 341
Firm swelling 33
First aid and emergency care of injured 88
degree strain 30
metatarsal fracture 201
Five classical deformities in TB knee 435
Fixation methods 161
Fixed angle nail 145
traction 81
Flat bones 26, 27
Flexible medullary nails 158
type 318
Flexion 169
distraction injury 221
exercises 371
extension 105
type of supracondylar fracture 110
Flexor and extensor tendons of hand 37
digitorum profundus 335
superficialis 335, 336
pollicis longus 336
tendon injuries 335
zones of hand 336
Foot 37
drop 239, 472
pain 320
Footballer's ankle 65
Forces responsible for gait 351
Forearm 14
crutch 17
fractures 128
length 7
Forefoot adduction 398
fractures 199
Forequarter amputations 513, 522
Forms of fracture immobilization 51
Fourth degree strain 31
Fracture 38, 43, 89, 371
and dislocations of the hand bones 331
both bones of forearm 125
calcaneum 192
clavicle 95
and injuries around shoulder 95
dislocation of hip 152
proximal IP joint 335
distal femur 160
femur, tibia and fibula 156
head of radius 237
healing 56
in first aid 90
neck femur 144
of femur at glance 148
talus 194
patella 184
pelvis 205
shaft femur 156
humerus 121, 237
spine 300
talus 194
tibia and fibula 164
treatment 73
Fracture of capitulum 120
distal phalanx 335
forearm bones 125
forefoot 198
greater tuberosity of humerus 103
hindfoot 192
olecranon 119
patella 179
pelvis 205
phalanges 335
phalanx 137
proximal 335
scapula 99
Frame 17
Froment's sign 234
Frostbite injury 341
Frozen hand shoulder syndrome 132
shoulder 270
Full weight-bearing 19
Functional activities 159, 194
anatomy 357
brace 72
cast brace 76, 85
exercises 20
rehabilitation 129
Functions of calipers 527
menisci 176
splint 332
G
Gait cycle 349
training 354
training and ambulation 227
Galeazzi fracture 127
Gallow's traction 79
Galvanic stimulation 232
Galvanism 250
Ganglia 283
Ganglion 36
Garden's classification 148
Gartland's classification 109
Gastrointestinal system 365
General principles of fractures 38
tumors 478
Genu recurvatum 309
valgum 306, 412
complex 306
varum 308
complex 309
valgum 415
Giant cyst 312
Gliding joints 28
Gluteal bursitis 36
muscles 394
Golfer's elbow 36, 282
Gomphosis 27
Gonococcal arthritis 442
Grading of ankle sprains 191
consistency 7
Grasping forceps 534
Gravitational forces 351
methods 293
Great toe phalanx fractures 201
Greater tuberosity 101
Greenstick fractures 39
Gross-Kempf nail 158
Ground reaction force vector 352
Growth alterations 70
disturbances 43
plate 25
Guillotine operation 516
Gunstock elbow 110
Gustillo and Anderson's classification 49
Guyon's canal 233
H
Haemophilus influenzae 422
Hagelands disease 323
Hairline fracture 42
Hallux rigidus 321
valgus 320
Halo body orthosis 526
Hamstrings strain 37, 185
Hand arthroplasty 259
disorders 329
elevation 62
function 329
piece 522
Hangman's fracture 219
Hard disk lesions 265
Harrison's sulci 412
Head injuries 89
Head of femur 394
Health break 379
Heat therapy 10, 250
Heberden's node 508
Heel spur syndrome 325
Hemarthrosis 171
Hematomas 35, 519
Hemi replacement arthroplasty 147
Hemilaminectomy 376
Hemipelvectomy 514
Hemireplacement arthroplasty 253
Hemophilic arthritis 440, 443
Hemopoiesis 24
Heparin 60
Hereditary multiple exostosis 406
High performance strengthening exercise 22
Hill-Sachs lesion 105
Hind quarter amputation 514
Hinge joints 28
Hip and pelvis 36
disarticulation 515
implants 48
joints 15, 453
knee-ankle-foot orthosis 527
History of fracture treatment 71
Homan's sign 68
Homocystinuria 409
Homogenous grafts 260
Homograft 260
Horizontal tears 176
Hormones 250
Horner's syndrome 244
Human gait 350
Hunter's disease 406
Hurler's disease 406
Hydrocollator packs 10, 368
Hydrodilatation technique 274
Hydrotherapy 12, 250
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy 464
Hyperextension force 169
Hypotension 206
Hypothenar muscles 329
I
Ice massage 368
therapy 33
Idiopathic genu valgum 307
scoliosis 289
Iliofibial tract syndrome 36
Iliopsoas 394
Ilizarov technique 86
Ill-advised massage 65
open reduction 63
Immediate complications 158
postoperative treatment 253
Impacted fractures 40
Impingement syndrome 277
Implant failure 70
Importance of arm span 290
talus 194
zones 336
Important amputations of lower extremity 516
aspects of stump management 518
past clinical history 315
skin tractions 79
soft tissue problems 36
splints in orthopedics 77
Improper immobilization techniques 66
Improvements in external fixation 86
intramedullary nails 85
plaster of Paris splints 85
Inactive occupation 263
Incidence of peripheral nerve injuries 230
Inclusion tumors 494
Indications for arthroscopy 535
braces 370
Indirect fracture healing 57
trauma 29, 179
Infantile quadriceps contracture 315
rickets 411
Infection 63
Infections of hand 342
spine 371
web spaces 343
Infective arthritis 440
bursitis 34
disorder 5
Inflammation of adventitious 279
Inflammatory disorders 34
Infrapatellar bursitis 311
Infrared rays 368
Infraspinatus tendinitis 36, 276
Injection therapy 210
treatment 287
Injuries around elbow 108
hip 144
Injuries of acromioclavicular joint 98
ankle and foot 187
cervical spine 213
elbow 108
forearm, wrist and hand 125
hand 331
knee joints 169
spine 212
Injuries to genitourinary system 89
joints 31
blood vessels 68
Inorganic phosphate decreased 415
Insaal's line 313
Insignificant malunion 67
Intact muscle 230
Intercondylar fractures of humerus 112
Interesting finger injuries 340
Interlocking nails 48, 86, 158
Intermittent symptomatic treatment 303
traction 268
Intermuscular hematomas 35
Internal fixation 158, 164, 166, 208
methods 166
Internal rotation 169
Intertrochanteric fracture 151
Intervertebral disks 358
Intra-articular arthrodesis 251
fractures 193
steroids 442
Intramedullary fixation 73
nails 48, 74, 83
Intramuscular hematoma 35
Intravenous alcohol 60
Intrinsic muscles 329
Investigations in orthotrauma 44
of low backache 363
Irregular bones 27
Ischemic claudication 300
limb 517
Isokinetic exercises 20, 501
Isometric contraction of affected limb muscles 33
exercises 20, 500
Isotonic exercises 20, 22
J
Jersey finger 340
Joints and ligaments of hand 329
and soft tissue contractures 61
involved in rheumatoid arthritis 448
stiffness 33, 56, 70, 159
Jones fracture 199
Jumper's knee 184
K
Keller's operation 320
Key grip 329
Kienbock's disease 288
Kinaesthetic/proprioception mechanism 29
Kirner's deformity 331
Kitchen standing habits 379
Kite's method 398
Klumpke's paralysis 246
Knee amputation 515, 520
ankle-foot orthosis 527
disarticulation 515, 517
flexion deformity 55
test 307
joints 453
ligament injuries 169
Knock knee 306, 412
Krukenberg amputation 514
Kullman and Leonart's surgery 310
Küntschner's nail 158
K-wire 48, 74, 80
Kyphoscoliosis 415
Kyphosis 298
L
Laminectomy 298, 376
and intertransverse fusion 298
Lasegue test 362
Late rickets 411
surgical management for deformity 304
Lateral collateral ligament tear 171
displacement 40
epicondyle fracture of humerus 237
epicondylitis 279
flexion 214
ligament sprain 191
retinacular 315
Law of tension force 86
Lax ligaments create instability. 33
Leg length 8
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease 302
Length malunion 66
Leprosy in orthopedics 471
Lesions in brain 461
Lesser tuberosity 101
Levels of amputation 486
Ligament injury 31
structures 535
Ligamentous tears 171
Ligamentum patellae 184
Limb elevation 33, 62
girdle muscular dystrophy 475
lengthening 87
procedures 470
weakness 6
Limitations of abduction 302
EMG 231
joint movements 6
Limp 6
Linear fractures 39
Lisfranc's injuries 197
Lobster claw hand 331
Location of pain in tennis elbow 279
Long bones 26, 27
Longitudinal tears 176
Loss of mobility 110
transmitted movements 42
Low backache 357, 358, 360, 366
molecular weight dextran 60
Lower end of radius 53
limb orthosis 527
Lumbar canal stenosis 300
disk disease 358, 359
spondylosis 366
vertebral body 53
Lupus erythematosus 346
Lymphangiectasia 311
M
Machine screws 82
Macrodactyly 331
Madden regime 259
Madelung's deformity 331, 393
Maffucci's disease 406
Major complication of osteoarthritis 500
curve 290
Malignancy 371
Malignant GCT 490
Malleolar screws 82
Mallet finger 36, 138, 340
Malum coxa senilis 502
Malunited fractures 309
Management of chronic osteomyelitis 426
complicated fractures 45
fractures 45, 46
hand injuries 332
open fractures 45
osteoporosis 419
quadriplegia 219
simple fractures 45
structural scoliosis 293
Manipulation for correction of deformity 250
joint stiffness 250
under anesthesia 178
Marble bone disease 407
Marfan's syndrome 408
Mason's classification 117
Massage therapy 464
Masterly inactivity 249
Max page's muscle sliding operation 61
Mayo's operation 320
Mc Afee's classification 221
McKenzie's approach to LBA treatment 374
exercises 374
McMurray's displacement osteotomy 147
Measures to control inflammation and edema 241
pain 391
prevent contractures 16, 241
joint stiffness 241
reduce pain 241
relieve pain and muscle spasm 500
strengthen muscles 16, 391
Mechanical backache 358
Mechanisms of injury 29, 41, 69, 95, 98, 169, 176, 179, 196, 221
pain relief 526
Medial collateral ligament tear 170
ligament sprain 191
meniscus injury 176
tennis 282
Median nerve 110
compression test 286
percussion test 286
Medulla 25
Megavoltage radiotherapy 487
Melon seed bodies 287
Meningocoele 476
Meniscal injury 36
Mermaid splint 413
Metabolic arthritis 440
bone disorders 411
disorders 5, 6, 34
Metacarpal bone fractures 334
fractures 134
head fractures 334
shaft 334
Metacarpophalangeal joints 135
Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia 407
dysplasias 407
Metastatic tumors of bones 492
Metatarsalgia 321
Methods of eliciting 42
closing 232
doing quadriceps exercises 500
fracture healing 57
treatment 74
internal fixation 145
nerve suture 233
rehabilitation in forearm bone fracture 128
stabilization of MP joints 236
traction 79
walking with cane 19
Meyer's muscle pedicle graft 146
Microscopic lumbar diskectomy 376
Middle and proximalvolar space infection 343
path regime in TB 431
phalanx 335
Midfoot fractures 196
Migration 80
Mild contusion 30
discopathy 366
to moderate scoliosis 366
traction 374
Milwaukee braces 526
Mineral storage 24
Minerva jacket 526
Minimally invasive TKR 538
Minor curve 290
Mirror hand 331
Mobility exercises 373
Modifications in activities of daily living 379
of SLRT 362
Modified knee ratchet 116
Monosodium urate arthropathy 508
Monteggia fractures 126, 237
Morquio-Brailsford disease 406
Morton's metatarsalgia 322
neuroma 37
Motorized shavers 534
Moulded spinal orthosis 526
Movements of joint 7
MRI 8, 45
Mucinous cysts 508
Mucopolysaccharide disorders 406
Mulder's click 322
Multiaxial joints 28
Multiple back operations 373
congenital contractures 470
myeloma 492
pins 145
Muscle atrophy 33
forces 39
misbalance 44
relaxants 250, 374
spasm 74, 302
strain 381
strength 20, 159
Muscular dystrophies 474
Musculoskeletal system 365
Myelomeningocoele 476
Myositis ossificans 56, 110, 115
ossificans progressiva 66
Myotome 229
N
Nail bed injury 139
lacerations 341
Nail-patella syndrome 408
Narrow chest 412
Nash and Moe's method to measure vertebral rotation 290
Nature of pain 382
Neck fracture 334
of femur 394
Necrosis 519
Neil Asher technique 274
Nerve 358
conduction studies 231, 263
injuries 70
root compression 361
involvement 214
Nervous system 365
Neuritis 261
Neurocognitive therapy 464
Neurogenic problems 263
Neurological deficits 61
disorders 309
injuries 115
Neuromuscular disorders 461
Neuromyxofibroma 311
Neuropathic joints 442
Neurorrhaphy and nerve grafting 232
Neurovascular injury 97
Newer modalities of treatment 480
Non-ischemic limbs 516
Non-operative methods 287
Non-skeletal traction 293
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 45
Non-traumatic heel conditions 323
Non-weight-bearing 19
Normal bursa 323
muscle 231
Nutritional counseling 464
rickets 411
rickets 411
O
O Donoghue's unhappy triad 169
OA cervical spine 507
Obesity 381
Obliquity of fracture line 39
Obturators 394
Occupational 549
backache 381
therapy 228, 463
Ocular disturbances 261
Odontoid process fracture 219
Olecranon 34
bursitis 288
Ollier's disease 406
Omer's technique 239
One question test 361
Onycho-osteodysplasia 408
Open amputation 515
chain exercise 22
facts in open fractures 51
fractures 49, 52, 72
reduction 46, 164, 166, 208
Operative methods 161, 250
treatment of fractures 74
Optimum time 10
Ordinary plates 83
Organization of bones 25
Orthopedic deformities 462, 466
deformities in leprosy 472
rheumatoid arthritis 448
deformities of hand 448
disease 4
disorders 4
Orthosis for cervical spine 526
Orthotic devices 463
treatment 292
Oschner's clasp test 236
Oscillation technique 371
Osseous origin bone tumors 484
Osteitis deformans 409
fibrosa cyst 416
Osteoarthritis 345, 440, 496, 506, 538
hip 502
Osteoarthritis of acromioclavicular joint 508
first carpometacarpal joint 508
hand 507
small joints 508
wrist 508
Osteochondral fractures 115, 171
Osteochondroma 480
Osteogenesis imperfecta 6, 404
Osteogenic sarcoma 5, 485
Osteoid osteoma 484
Osteoma 484
Osteomalacia 415, 419
Osteomyelitis 70, 421
Osteon 24
Osteopetrosis 407
Osteoporosis 4, 416, 418, 420
Osteosarcoma 486
Osteotomy 147, 250, 434
P
Padding 78
Paget's disease 300, 309, 409
of bone 53
Pain 5, 6, 41, 43
of neurological origin 279
Painful annular ligament 279
heel 322
Painless limp 302
Pale look 206
Pallor 43
Par aesthesia 43
Paraffin wax bath 10
Parallel bars 16
Paralysis 43
Paralytic hand 346
scoliosis 289
Paralyzed bladder 226
Paronychia 342
Part of generalized skeletal dysplasias 301
Partial neurorrhaphy 232
tears of tendo-Achilles 323
weight-bearing 19
Partially denervated muscle 231
Parts of bone 25
cane 19
Thomas splint 77
Passive mobilization technique 272
movements 7, 232
of limbs 220
Patella 184
Patellar bursa 184
dislocation 171
problems 535
tendinitis 37, 184
tendon bearing prosthesis 520
Patellectomy 180, 315
Pathological fracture 40, 42
gait 354
Pauwell's varus osteotomy 502
Pellegrini-Stieda disease 65
Pelvic fractures 89
Pelvifemoral group 394
Pelvitrochanteric group 394
Pen test 235
Pendulum exercises 273
Penetrating and gunshot injuries 237
Percussion 14
Peripheral menisci tear 171
nerve injury 37, 229
Permanent prosthesis 520
Perthes’ disease 5
Pes cavus 317
planus 317, 318
Petrissage 14
Phalangeal fractures 198
Phalen's test 286
Phantom sensation 519
Phelps's brace 401
Physiotherapy after fenestration technique 377
laminectomy 377
nerve repair 242
spinal fusion 377
surgery 281
tendon transfers 242
Physiotherapy in arthrodesis 251
rotator cuff lesions 275
Physiotherapy management after conservative treatment 195
spinal surgery 377
surgery 149
surgical treatment 195
Physiotherapy management for all bone tumors 494
fracture shaft femur 159
midfoot fractures 198
pelvic fractures 208
tennis elbow 281
Physiotherapy management in amputations 517
hemophilic arthritis 445
infective arthritis 441
peripheral nerve lesion 241
scoliosis 292
Physiotherapy management of ankle injuries 189
C1 fracture 219
talus fracture 195
Physiotherapy measures after arthroscopy 179, 536
meniscectomy 178
surgery 302, 321
in OA knee 502
TKR 539
Physiotherapy measures during spinal shock 219
Physiotherapy measures for de Quervain's 283
donor tendon 242
flexors tendon injuries 337
rheumatoid arthritis 452
transferred tendon 243
Physiotherapy measures in cerebral palsy 463
Charcot's joint 443
conservative management 431
flatfoot 319
osteomyelitis 427
osteotomy 251
phalangeal fractures 140
spina bifida 477
surgical management 432
TB ankle 438
hip 435
knee 436
shoulder 437
Physiotherapy measures postspinal shock 220
regimen after surgery 159
treatment for side swipe injuries 117
trigger finger 283
Pigeon chest 412
Pin tract infection 80
Pins above and below fracture 166
Pioneers in orthopedics 73
Piriformis syndrome 36
Pivot joints 28
Plantar fasciitis 37, 323
ulcers 473
Plasmacytoma 492
Plaster bandages 72
of Paris 75
of Paris slabs 45
slabs 45
Plates 74, 83
Plica syndrome 37, 184
Plumb line tests 307
Plyometric exercise 22
Poetic facts 51
Pointing index 236
Poliomyelitis 465
Polyaxial cervical traction 268
Polydactyly 330
Polymethyl methacrylate 82
Ponsetti's method 400
Poor prognosis 244
prognostic facts 285
Pop types 75
Popliteal cyst 311
Positive mental attitude 453
sensory action potentials. 244
Post burn contracture 44
Post injection quadriceps contractures 315
Posterior angulations or displacement 40
cruciate ligament 174
dislocation of elbow joint 114
hip joint 154
fusion 297
intervertebral joints 358
longitudinal ligament 358
Posterolateral fusion 297
Postganglionic lesions 244
Post-injection contractures in infancy 310
Postparalytic stage 241
Post-spinal surgery 370
Postsurgery physiotherapy for OA hip 503
management 65
Postsurgical physiotherapy in poliomyelitis 469
Post-traumatic osteoarthritis 70
Posture correction 292
Poutteau's fracture 129
Power grip 329
Practical method of gait evaluation 354
Preambulation measures 15
Precision grips 329
Pre-ganglionic lesions 243
Pregnancy 371
Preoperative regime 252
Prepatellar bursitis 184, 311
Pressure bandage 33
Prevention of deformity 413
extrusion and collapse 303
Primary bone healing 57
curve 290
extrinsic 530
hyperparathyroidism 416
intrinsic 530
osteoarthritis of hip 502
knee 496
Principle of amputation of fingers 341
antibiotic therapy 424
Ilizarov method 86
manipulation 370
open reduction 48
rehabilitation 47
treatment 96
Problems in avascular necrosis 64
primary bone healing 57
Problems of BB splint 78
chronic synovitis 33
claw hand 234
healing 31
Problems peculiar to open fracture 51
Procedural norms during ROM exercises 21
Progressive diaphyseal dysplasia 407
Prolapsed disk 359
lumbar intervertebral disk 381
Prolonged physiotherapy for short time 9
Prone lying 116
Proper postural habits 378
work environment 378
Prosthesis for below knee amputations 520
bilateral amputations 522
lower limbs 520
Syme's amputation 521, 522
upper limb amputations 522
Prosthesis of partial foot amputation 522
Prosthetics 519
Protection of vital organs 24
Proximal humeral fractures 100
IP joint fracture dislocation 139
phalanx of great toe 198
radioulnar 115
thigh atrophy 302
tibial fracture 162
Pseudogout 509
Psoas syndrome 371
Psoriasis 346
Psoriatic arthritis 440
Psychogenic arthritis 440
Ptosis of eyelid 244
Pulmonary embolism 67
Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy 30
Pulselessness 43
Purpose of cane 19
Pyle's disease 407
Pyogenic infection of joint 440
Q
Quadratus femoris 394
Quadriceps contraction 179
contracture 309
exercises 178
strain 37, 184
Quantitative gait evaluation 354
R
Rachitic tarda 411
Radial club-hand 401
head fracture 117
nerve 110
injury 237
Radicular pain 361
Radiculopathy 360
Radiograph of knee 171
pelvis 396
Radiography of affected spine 221
Radiological features of rheumatoid arthritis 449
Range of motion exercises 20
Rarely gangrene 61
Recent advances in fracture treatment 85
Rectal motor 216
sensation 216
Recurrent dislocation of patella 312
shoulder 105
Reduplication of ulna 331
Re-educating upper limb amputee 524
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy 70
Regional conditions of elbow, wrist and hand 278
hip 301
neck 261
shoulder 270
spine 288
Regional disorders of foot 316
knee 306
Rehabilitation in ARDS 60
compound fractures 52
dislocations 56
skin traction 79
Rehabilitation measures in IM nailing 85
nerve injuries 69
program 97
protocol for plaster treatment 47
splints 78
protocol in compound fractures 52
metacarpal fractures 136
Reisser's sign 291
Reiter's syndrome 346
disease 454
Relaxation metatarsalgia 321
techniques 454
Renal disease 411
osteodystrophy 413
rickets 419
Residual osteomyelitis 426
Resorptive bone tumors 488
Restoration and maintenance of hip motion 303
Retention of CTEV correction 401
Return of reflex activity 225
Reverse rolando fractures 134
Rheumatic diseases 446
Rheumatoid arthritis 4, 345, 440, 442, 446, 450, 538
disorders 5
foot 449
hip 449
knee 449
Rib angle of Mehta 291
fractures 210
Rickets 6, 411, 419
Rickety rosary 412
Rigid fixation plates 84
spinal brace 526
Ring fixator 86
Road traffic accidents 6, 27, 169
Rolando's fracture 134
Role of antibiotics 52
appliances 468
belts 526
bone grafts 260
braces and splints 15
collar 269
external fixators 166
hand splints 332
hyperuricaemia 508
Ilizarov in nonunion 64
internal fixator's 207
manipulation 269
muscle forces 101
physical agents in physiotherapy 10
physiotherapist 9, 272
physiotherapy after surgery 312
in nonunion 64
traction 15
in low back pain 368
trauma 4
vitamin D 415
X-ray 44
Roller skates 116
Rotational exercises 373
Rotator cuff injuries 36
cuff lesions 274
Rotatory malunion 66
Routine laboratory investigation 8
Rules of application of pop casts 76
exercises 505
Rupture of extensor pollicis tendon 131
tendo-Achilles 186
S
Sacroiliac joint arthritis 382
Saddle joint 28
Salient features in chronic osteomyelitis 425
Sarmiento's total contact below knee cast 165
Scaphoid fracture 140, 142
Scar tissue 49
Scene of accident 88
Schmorl's nodes 366
Sciatic pain 382
Scoliosis 288
Scoliotic facts 290
Screening methods 292
Screws 48, 74, 82
Scurvy 420
Seat belt injury 221
Second degree strain 30
Secondary curve 290
hyperparathyroidism 416
osteoarthritis of hip 506
knee 500
osteosarcoma 485
Seddon's carpectomy 62
classification 229, 432
Segmental fractures 39, 63
Self stretch using 273
Semilunar cartilages 175
Sensory supply 330
Septic arthritis 440
Sequestrated disk 360, 371
Seronegative spondyloarthropathies 454
Sesamoid bone fractures 199, 201
Sever's disease 326
Severe osteoporosis 371
Severity of factors deficiency 443
strain 30
Sex rehabilitation 227
Shadow walking 19
Shaft of tibia or femur 53
Shanz angulation osteotomy 147
Sharpey's fibers 25
Shenton's line 305
Shorbe's classification 117
Short bones 26, 27
stature 302
Shortwave 11
diathermy 368
Shoulder 65
arthroplasty 257
disarticulation 522
elevation 273
injuries 14
mobilization techniques 272
piece 522
SI joint strain 371
Sicard's test 362
Side swipe injuries 116
Significant edema 10
malunion 67
Simple blow or repeated minor trauma 65
screening tests 230
Single limb support 351
Sites of compression 262
fracture 95
Skeletal traction 80, 217, 293
tuberculosis 428, 429
Skin resistance test 232
traction 79
Slipped capital epiphysis 5
femoral epiphysis 305
Small intervertebral muscles 358
Smillie's classification 176
Social therapy 228
Soft disk lesions 265
dressing concept 516
tissue injuries 29
tissue injuries around knee and thigh 183
of hand 340
treatment 29
tissue interposition 63
Source of fat 59
Spasmodic flat-foot 318
Special phalangeal fractures 138
types of muscle injuries 35
Speech therapy 463
Spica 76
Spina bifida 315, 366, 475
aperta 476
occulta 476
Spina ventosa type 438
Spinal cord injury 224
nerve 229
orthoses 525, 526
stenosis 371, 373, 381
Spine 212
implants 48
injuries 89
irregularities in skeletal TB 430
Splint hook 523
Splinting of affected part 33
limbs 232
Spondylolisthesis 295, 370, 371, 373, 382
Spondylolysis 295
Sports injuries 529
Sprain 38, 56
Sprengel's deformity 391
Stable burst fractures 221
injuries 188
pelvic fracture 205
Stages of dysfunction 359
hard callus 57
impact 57
induction 57
inflammation 57
instability 359
paralysis 241
remodeling 57
soft callus 57
stabilization 359
Stages in kyphosis 299
in SCFE 305
Standard IM nails 158
Staphylococcus aureus 425
Static locking 85
metatarsalgia 321
splints 332
Steel wires 48
Steinmann pin 80
Step length 351
Steps in process of diagnosis 4
Steroids 60
Stoop test 300
Straight leg raising exercises 501
Strain 38, 56
Streeter's dysplasia 331
Strength duration curve 231
Strengthening exercises 20, 21, 105
of specific group of muscles 227
Streptococcus pyogenes 342
Stress fractures 42, 54
Stretch technique 371
Stretching exercises 373
Stride length 351
Structural 553
curve 290
scoliosis 289
Structures involved in backache 358
Student's elbow 288
or miner's elbow 36
Subacromial bursitis 275
Subacromion 34
Subluxation 38, 56
Subscapularis tendinitis 36, 276
Subtalar stabilizing procedure 241
Subtrochanteric fracture 150
Subungual hematoma 340
Sudeck's osteodystrophy 132
Sunderland's classification 230
Superficial heat 368
heating agents 10
methods 11
Supportive spinal orthosis 525
Supraclavicular lesion 243
Supracondylar fracture 108
humerus 237
Suprapatellar 311
Supraspinatus tendinitis 36, 277
Surface heat 250
Surgery for hand 473
in TB spine 431
Surgical treatment in tuberculosis of hip 434
of cervical spondylosis 267
Swansun regime 259
Sweat test starch test 231
Sweating 206
Swelling 6, 41, 423
Swing phase 350
through gait 18
Syme's amputation 515, 517
Symphysis 27
Synarthrosis 27
Synchondroses 27
Syndactyly 331
Syndesmosis 27
Synovectomy and joint debridement 434
Synovial fluid study 509
joints 27
sarcoma 494
Synovioma 494
Syphilis 442
Syphilis of joints 442
Syphilitic osteomyelitis 422
Syringomyelia 442
Syringomyelocoele 476
T
Tabes dorsalis 442
Tachycardia 206
Tackle deformity 414
Tapotement 14
Tarsal tunnel syndrome 37
TB spine with paraplegia 432
Telescoping nails 145
Temporary prosthesis 519, 524
Ten self-help techniques 453
Tendinitis 185
of long head of biceps 36
Tendo-Achilles 34
injuries 37
lengthening 241
Tendon grafting 337
injuries 335, 340
surgeries 260
transfers 62, 233, 241, 260, 337, 470
Tennis elbow 36, 278, 279
Tenosynovitis 34, 344
Tenovaginitis 35
Terminology for orthosis 525
of gait cycle 349
Tests for mobility 299
Tethering of muscles and tendons 44
Thenar muscles 329
Theories of pathogenesis 317
Therapeutic exercises 20
pool 12
Thermotherapy 62, 272, 276, 368, 452
Thigh and leg muscle strains 185
length 8
Third degree strain 30
Thomas splint 77
test 316
Thompson's quadriceps plasty 310
test 186
Thoracic and lumbosacral spine injuries 220
outlet syndrome 262
Thoracolumbar region 225
Thromboembolism 146
Thrust technique 371
Tibia vara 309
Tibial fractures 168
Tinel's sign 231
Tips of usage 17
Toe-touch weight-bearing 19
Torticollis 261
Torus fracture 40, 42
Total ankle arthroplasty 256
elbow 257
hip replacement 147, 435, 537
knee arthroplasty 499
replacement 255, 538
replacement arthroplasty 254
sensory and motor paralysis 225
wrist arthroplasty 258
Tourniquet test 286
Traction in orthopedics 78
methods 161
Traffic elbow 116
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation 13
Translational injuries 221
Transverse arches of foot 317
friction massage 33
Trauma around region of tendo-Achilles 323
Traumatic disturbances 323
division of sciatic nerve 442
myositis ossificans 65
osteoarthritis 56
Treatment facts of genu valgum 308
Treatment of acute disk lesion 375
ankle sprain 191
cervical spine injury 217
chronic LBA 375
collateral ligament injuries 171
common low backache 366
early foot-drop 240
established deformity 413
GCT 490
late cases 239
plantar ulcers 473
poliomyelitis 467
Pott's paraplegia 432
pulmonary metastasis 487
sports injury 532
ulnar nerve injury 236
Treatment plan of backache 383
Perthes’ disease 303
Treatment protocol in crush injuries 341
Treponema pallidum 422
Trethovan's sign 305
Trigger finger 36, 282, 283
Triple arthrodesis 241
Trochanteric bursitis 36
region of femur 53
True bursa 34
Tubercle bacillus 422
Tubercular osteomyelitis 427, 438
Tuberculosis hip 435, 538
Tuberculosis of ankle 437
bones and joints 427
hip joint 433
knee 435
long tubular bones 438
short tubular bones 438
shoulder 436
spine 429
Tumor biopsy rules 479
Tumors of non-osseous origin 491
Twisting forces 192
Two methods of muscle suture 516
Two-pin traction method 161
Two-point discrimination test 286
Types of amputations 515
bones 26, 27
cane 19
CTEV 397
dislocation-congenital 55
exercises in OA of hip and knee 505
extension exercises 372
flexion exercises 372
fracture 39
idiopathic scoliosis 289
implants 82
intramedullary nails 158
isometric quadriceps exercises 182
muscle contraction during exercise 23
nerve injury 69
repair 232
pes planus 318
plates 83
prosthesis 257
rickets 411
ROM exercises 21
skin traction 79
sprain 32
synovial joints 27
TKR 255
Typical deformities 230
in dislocations 55
U
Ulnar nerve 110
injury 233
paradox 236
Ultrasound 11, 368
Unaccustomed activity 34
Undisplaced fracture 180, 193, 207
Uniaxial joints 27
Unicameral bone cyst 488
Unicondylar replacement 538
Unilateral muscle paralysis 261
Uninvolved joints 132
Unreduced dislocation 56, 115
Unstable burst fractures 221
injuries 188
pelvic fracture 205
Upper limb 14, 34, 36, 531
amputations 513
orthosis 528
tibial traction 161
Urogenital system 365
Useful approaches in management of OA of hip 503
Uses of joints 453
proper chairs 378
screws 82
Thomas splint 77
traction 78
unique ring fixator 86
Utility of strength duration curve 231
V
Valgus osteotomy 502
Vascular injuries 70
problems 263
system 365
Vasospasm 422
Vasovagal shock 80
Vertebral bodies 358
columns 412
Vertical compression 214
displacement 351
Vigorous occupation 263
Viruses 465
Vital steps 216
Vitamin D deficiency 411
resistant rickets 414
Volkmann's ischemia 60, 61, 126
ischemic contracture 60
sign 61
von Recklinghausen's disease 409
W
Walkers 17
Walking velocity 351
Wedge compression 221
Weight guide lines 81
Whipple's disease 454
Whirlpool therapy 12
Winter heel 323
Wrist 36
flexion 286
flexors 239
mobilizer 134
Wry neck 261, 389
X
Xenografting 260
Y
Yoga and physiotherapy 383
×
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