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Recent Advances in Surgery 34 Colin D Johnson, Irving Taylor

SECTION ONE: SURGERY IN GENERAL
CHAPTER ONE:Update on the Management of the Surgical Patient with Diabetes
- INTRODUCTION
- PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION
- PREOPERATIVE LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS
- EFFECT OF SURGERY ON GLYCAEMIC CONTROL
- GLYCAEMIC TARGETS
- EARLY PERIOPERATIVE PHASE
- TIMING OF PROCEDURE
  - Minor and Short Morning Operations
  - Long and Complex Procedures for Type 1 or Insulin Treated Type 2 Diabetes
    - Glucose Insulin Potassium Infusion
    - Separate Insulin and Glucose Intravenous Solutions
- LATE POSTOPERATIVE PHASE
- SUBCUTANEOUS BOLUS INSULIN DOSES
- SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
- CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER TWO:How Guidelines Influence Modern Surgical Practise
- INTRODUCTION
- STATUTORY GUIDELINES (SUBJECT TO LAW)
  - Guidance Produced by the General Medical Council (GMC)
- ADVISORY GUIDELINES
- ASSESSMENT OF GUIDELINES
- GRADE SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION FOR QUALITY OF EVIDENCE14
  - Quality of Evidence and Definitions
- GRADE SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION FOR STRENGTH OF RECOMMENDATIONS14
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER THREE:Patient Consent for Surgical Treatment
- INTRODUCTION
- IS MORE THAN ONE CONSENT EVER REQUIRED?
- WHAT LEVEL OF OPERATIVE RISK SHOULD BE DISCLOSED?
- CAN CONSENT BE IMPLIED?
- IS THERE A DUTY OF SURGICAL CANDOR?
SECTION TWO: UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT/HEPATO-PANCREATIC-BILIARY TRACT
CHAPTER FOUR:Gastric Outlet Obstruction in Adults
- INTRODUCTION
  - Metabolic Disturbance
- MANAGEMENT OF GOO
- CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER FIVE:Surgery for Advanced Gallbladder Cancer
- INTRODUCTION
- SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
- ASSESSMENT
  - Upper GI/HPB
- SURGICAL MANAGEMENT IN ADVANCED CANCER (AJCC STAGE II, III AND IV)
- PALLIATIVE SURGERY IN ADVANCED GALLBLADDER CANCER
  - Palliation of Jaundice
  - Surgical Palliation for Bowel Obstruction
- CHEMORADIATION THERAPY
- PROGNOSIS
- SUMMARY
CHAPTER SIX:Laparoscopic or Open Liver Resection?
- EVOLUTION OF LIVER SURGERY
- LAPAROSCOPIC LIVER RESECTION: THE NEXT PARADIGM
- INDICATIONS AND CASE SELECTION
- EVALUATION OF LAPAROSCOPIC LIVER RESECTION: IS THE EVIDENCE THERE?
- SHORT-TERM OUTCOMES
- LAPAROSCOPIC LIVER RESECTION FOR MALIGNANT DISEASE
  - Colorectal Liver Metastases
  - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER SEVEN:Volume and Outcome in Upper Gastrointestinal Malignancy
- INTRODUCTION
- HOSPITAL VOLUME AND UPPER GI CANCER SURGERY
- SPECIFIC AREAS WHERE HOSPITAL VOLUME INFLUENCES OUTCOME
- INDIVIDUAL SURGEON VOLUME AND UPPER GI CANCER SURGERY
- SPECIFIC AREAS WHERE SURGEON VOLUME INFLUENCES OUTCOME
- FACTORS UNDERLYING THE VOLUME-OUTCOME RELATIONSHIP
- IMPORTANCE OF STUDY DESIGN
- EFFECT OF THE VOLUME-OUTCOME RELATIONSHIP ON SERVICE PROVISION
- CONCLUSIONS
SECTION THREE: LOWER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
CHAPTER EIGHT:Modern Management of an Intestinal Fistula
- INTRODUCTION
- AETIOLOGY
- RISK FACTORS AND THE PREVENTION OF FISTULATION
- POORLY MANAGED SURGICAL CATASTROPHE
  - Clinical Course of a Poorly Managed Intestinal Fistula
  - When Repeat Laparotomy is Mandatory
    - Principles to be Followed in Complicated Cases
- OCCURRENCE OF FISTULA
- ANATOMY—THE CHANCE OF SPONTANEOUS CLOSURE AND APPROPRIATE INVESTIGATIONS
  - Timing of Surgery—More Art than Science
- STRATEGY OF SURGERY
- FOLLOW-UP FOLLOWING ENTEROCUTANEOUS FISTULA REPAIR
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER NINE:Rectal and Pelvic Prolapse
- INTRODUCTION
- FULL-THICKNESS RECTAL PROLAPSE
- RECTAL AND OTHER PELVIC ORGAN PROLAPSE
CHAPTER TEN:Modern Surgical Management of Haemorrhoids
- INTRODUCTION
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
- PRESENTATION AND DIAGNOSIS
- TREATMENT
- NEW TECHNIQUES
SECTION FOUR: BREAST
CHAPTER ELEVEN:Radiotherapy for the Breast Surgeon
- INTRODUCTION
- EXTERNAL BEAM RADIOTHERAPY
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER TWELVE:An Update on the Management of the Axilla in Breast Cancer
- INTRODUCTION
- DIAGNOSING DISEASE OF THE AXILLA
- SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY (SLNB)
- RADIOLOGICAL STAGING OF AXILLA
  - Clinically Palpable ALNs
- THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF THE AXILLA
- RADIOTHERAPY AS TREATMENT OF AXILLARY DISEASE
- CONCLUSION
SECTION FIVE: VASCULAR SURGERY
CHAPTER THIRTEEN:Recent Advances in Endovascular Management of Aortic Aneurysms
- INTRODUCTION
- LEVEL ONE EVIDENCE FOR EVAR
- ANEURYSM SCREENING
- EVAR FOR RUPTURED ANEURYSMS
- EVAR FOR SMALL ANEURYSMS
- BRANCHED/FENESTRATED EVAR
  - Fenestrated Endovascular Aneurysm Repair: World Wide Experience
  - Device Improvements
- CONCLUSION
SECTION SIX: SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
CHAPTER FOURTEEN:Management of Retroperitoneal Sarcoma
- INTRODUCTION
- DIAGNOSIS
  - Clinical Presentation
  - Pathology
- INVESTIGATIONS
- MANAGEMENT
- PROGNOSTIC FACTORS
- FUTURE DIRECTIONS
SECTION SEVEN: CLINICAL TRIALS
CHAPTER FIFTEEN:Randomised Clinical Trials and Meta-analyses in Surgery 2010
- INTRODUCTION
- GENERAL
- LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY
- UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL
- HEPATO-PANCREATIC AND BILIARY
  - Pancreatic Surgery
  - Biliary
- COLORECTAL
  - Colorectal Cancer
  - Fissure in Ano
- HERNIA
- BREAST

INDEX

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Index

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Chapter Notes