Second Edition
GL Chattri MBBS MD MHA
Consultant Pediatrician and Neonatologist Mahakoushal Hospital Seth Mannulal Hospital Sanjeevan Hospital 154, Tamarhai Chowk, Kotwali Ward Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
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© 2012, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
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This book has been published in good faith that the contents provided by the author contained herein are original, and is intended for educational purposes only. While every effort is made to ensure a accuracy of information, the publisher and the author specifically disclaim any damage, liability, or loss incurred, directly or indirectly, from the use or application of any of the contents of this work. If not specifically stated, all figures and tables are courtesy of the author. Where appropriate, the readers should consult with a specialist or contact the manufacturer of the drug or device.
Publisher: Jitendar P Vij
Publishing Director: Tarun Duneja
Cover Design: Seema Dogra
Pediatric Drug Doses
First Edition: 2010
Second Edition: 2012
9789350255056
Printed at
5Dedicated to
7Preface to the Second Edition
Welcome to this edition of the Pediatric Drug Doses. Tradition of this publication began in 2009. I am very thankful to all who accepted and appreciated my first edition. In this edition existing drugs are updated, few drugs are omitted and many more new drugs are added. Quick reference chart for IV medication and administering medication to children had been included which will be very helpful practically to young residents, doctors and practicing pediatricians. I have tried to retain the format of the previous edition to avoid new feeling and shall continue to enjoy the same patronage of the reading in this edition.
9Preface to the First Edition
I am pleased to have the opportunity to write this first edition of Pediatric Drug Doses. It is not intended to compete with the already well-established books. This book is designed to be a practical and convenient guide to the dosing and usage of medications in children.
Pediatric doses vary with the age, weight, surface area and disease, etc. Overdosing may lead to side effects and under-dosing will lead to unsatisfactory response or development of resistance in cases of antibiotics.
I did not confine myself to doses only, but expended to provide indications which is a must before knowing doses, and also included the information such as size of feeding tubes, Foley's catheters, endotracheal tubes, laryngoscope blades, oxygen mask according to age and weight; approximate weight and surface area charts; fluid resuscitation formula for burn patients; so that residents do not have to consult too many books while dealing with patients bedside. The aim is to improve the practical utility of the book.
I have made all efforts to check for any mistakes in the text and drug doses, but nobody can be perfect. If you are in any doubt about a treatment or drug doses, always check with another formulary. Due to constant research, it is advised to consult package insert especially for infrequently used drugs and drugs with narrow therapeutic index.
I have written this book for pediatric house officers and registrars particularly keeping in mind but it will also be useful for consultant practicing pediatricians.
11Acknowledgments
First of all I would like to thank my wife Rashmi and my kids Dhruv and Shlok who spare me to spend, from their share of valuable time in writing this book. She was always encouraging me to make my dream come true.
I sincerely thank Mr Bhoopesh Arora, M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, New Delhi, India and their staff for publishing this book. I would like to thank Mr Sanjeev Pandey for his professional and personal support.
I am thankful to Dr Sameer Agarwal and Dr Mahesh Maheshwari for useful suggestions for the book. I sincerely thank Shri Jitendar P Vij (Chairman and Managing Director), M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, New Delhi, India to publish the book.
Last but not least, I would like to thank Dr Sharad Thora, Dr Hemant Jain, Dr Mahesh Meheswari, Dr Sameer Agarwal, Dr Nivedita Kapoor for their guidance and support.12
13Structure of the Book
All the drugs are listed in their respective group and are covered in short to make the book user-friendly. Drug information is presented in a consistent format and provides the following:
Generic Name: Indian adopted name.
Uses: Information pertaining to appropriate indications or use of the drug.
Usual Dosages: The amount of drug to be typically given or taken during therapy in general and in certain specific conditions. For selected drugs, the dosing adjustment in renal and/or hepatic impairment should be made accordingly.
Brand Names: Common trade names available in India.
Combinations: If any.
So, if one has reached to the final or probable diagnosis, then this book will provide the remaining information— drugs which can be prescribed, dosages, brands and forms available, and mode of administration.14
17Symbols and Abbreviations
ADHD
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
AEDs
Antiepileptic Drugs
AIDS
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
AOM
Acute Otitis Media
APTT
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time
BA
Bronchial Asthma
BD
Twice a day
CHF
Congestive Heart Failure
CMV
Cytomegalovirus
CNS
Central Nervous System
CSF
Cerebrospinal Fluid
DCL
Diffuse Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
DM
Diabetes Mellitus
DIC
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
ET
Endotracheal Tube
E/E
Eye/Ear
g
Gram
G6PD
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase
GERD
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
GI
Gastrointestinal
h/hr
Hour
HSV
Herpes Simplex Virus
HT
Hypertension
ICP
Intracranial Pressure
ID
IgG
Immunoglobulin-G
IM
Intramuscular
ITP
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
IV
Intravenous
IVH
Intraventricular Hemorrhage
IVP
Intravenous Push
JRA
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
Kg
Kilogram
LAB
Lactic Acid Bacillus
LCL
Localized Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
LMWH
Low Molecular Weight Heparin
LRTI
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
mcg
Microgram
Mg
Milligram
Min
Minute
ML
Milliliter/Mucosal Leishmaniasis
NB
Newborn
NG
Nasogastric
NS
Normal Saline
NSAID
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug
OD
Once a day
OM
Otitis Media
PCM
Paracetamol
PDA
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
PNA
Postnatal Age
PO
Per Oral
PSVT
Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia
QID
RDA
Recommended Daily Allowance
RTI
Respiratory Tract Infection
RDS
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
SC
Subcutaneous
SL
Sublingual
SLE
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
SSTI
Skin and Soft Tissue Infection
TB
Tuberculosis
TDS
Thrice a day
TPN
Total Parenteral Nutrition
URTI
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
UTI
Urinary Tract Infection
VL
Visceral Leishmaniasis
VZV
Varicella Zoster Virus
<
Less than
>
Greater than
≤
Less than or equal to
≥
Greater than or equal to